Brief introduction to biotechnology with reference to pharmaceutical Biotechnology General introduction to biotechnology, principle of biotechnology, history and application in different field. Type of biotechnology Traditional and modern biotechnology Overview on genetic engineering Role of Biotechnology in pharma and medicine sectors, products in pharmaceutical biotechnology

1. PREPARED BY: HARPREET SINGH
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
LS COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, SIRSA
PHARMACEUTICAL
BIOTECHNOLOGY

2. Objectives of this lecture
By the end of this lecture you will be able to:
1. Development a general understanding of
biotechnology
2. Recognition the different areas in biotechnology
3. Realize the significance of biotechnology in
pharmaceutical production and application

3. Introduction
Biotechnology: Karl Ereky, 1917
✓ Kárl Ereky was a Hungarian agricultural engineer.
✓ The term 'biotechnology' was coined by him in 1917.
✓ He is regarded by some as the "father" of
biotechnology.

4. Introduction...
Using scientific methods with organisms to produce new
products or new forms of organisms.
Biotechnology is the use of biological processes,
organisms or systems to manufacture products to improve
the quality of human life

5. Biotechnology is .....
The American Chemical Society defines biotechnology as
the application of biological organisms, systems, or
processes by various industries to learning about the
science of life and the improvement of the value of
materials and organisms such as pharmaceuticals, crops,
and livestock.
As per the European Federation of Biotechnology,
biotechnology is the integration of natural science and
organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues
for products and services.

6. Principle of biotechnology
Old Biotechnology:
Natural strains of microorganisms or cell line are being
used the production of acid, wine , vinegar, bread, cheese
✓ related to food and shelter;
Includes domestication.
✓ Fermentation promoted
food production, and medicine.

7. ✓ Various forms of biotechnology existed already in
ancient times.
✓ The making of wines and beers uses
this biotechnology under controlled conditions.
Alcoholic beverages have been produced for centuries
in various societies.
✓ Insight into the nature of the traditional processes was
achieved about 1870 when Pasteur made clear that
chemical conversions in these processes are performed
by living cells and should thus be considered as
biochemical conversions. Biotechnology became
science!

8. Principle of biotechnology
Modern Biotechnology
Modern biotechnology is a term adopted by international
convention to refer to biotechnological techniques for the
manipulation of genetic material and the fusion of cells
beyond normal breeding barriers.
⚫ Genetic engineering or rDNA technology
⚫ Chemical engineering

9. Genetic engineering or rDNA
technology
rDNA technology is one of the recent advances in
biotechnology, which was developed by two scientists
named Boyer and Cohen in 1973.
❑ Manipulation of genes is called genetic engineering or
recombinant DNA technology.
❑ Genetic engineering involves taking one or more genes
from a location in one organism and either.
▪ Transferring them to another organism.
▪ Putting them back into the original organism in
different combinations.

11. Application of Biotechnology
❑Agriculture Biotechnology
❑Medical Biotechnology
❑Engineering Biotechnology
❑Biomedical Engineering
❑Textile and Paper Biotechnology
❑Environmental Biotechnology
❑Mining and Metal Biotechnology
❑Leather Biotechnology
❑Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

12. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Pharmaceutical biotechnology consist of the combination of
two branches which are “PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE”
and “BIOTECHNOLOGY”.
DEFINATION:
Pharmaceutical science: can simply be define as the branch of
science that deals with the formulation compounding and
dispensing of drugs
Biotechnology: can simply be define as the application of
biological system, living organisms or their derivatives in
making or modifying products or processes for specific use.

13. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology : can simply be define as
the science that covers all technologies required for the
production, manufacturing and registration of biological
drugs.
The aim of this pharmaceutical biotechnology is to design,
produce drugs that are adapted to each persons genetic
make up, which can give the maximum therapeutic effect.
Biotechnology plays an important role in pharmaceutical
science most especially in the pharmaceutical industries by
creation of genetically modified organisms that can be used
in industrial production.
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

14. Techniques used to produce
biotechnologies products
❑ Genetic engineering or rDNA technology
❑ Monoclonal antibodies
❑ Cell therapy
❑ Gene therapy
❑ Polymerase chain reaction
❑ Peptide technologies

15. Application of Biotechnology in
pharmaceutical sciences
➢ Biotechnology derived drugs are being applied in cancer,
HIV, AIDS and AIDS related and autoimmune disease
➢ In diagnostic investigation
➢ As blood substitutes, cloning factors etc
➢ Human insulin and human growth factor were the first set of
biotechnology products to be applied for human therapy

16. The common pharmaceutical biotechnology
products:
The common pharmaceutical biotechnology products
that are made by the biotech pharmaceutical companies
includes:
⚫ Antibodies
⚫ Proteins
⚫ Recombinant DNA Products.

17. Antibodies
⚫ Antibodies are both highly sensitive and highly
specific for particular epitopes, which makes them
ideal reagents for research applications
⚫ The exquisite specificity of monoclonal antibodies
(Mab) has long provided the potential for creating new
reagents for the in vivo delivery of therapeutic drugs
or toxins to defined cellular target sites or improved
methods of diagnosis.

18. Protein
⚫ Proteins perform a wide range of biological functions
within organisms, including enzyme catalysis, defence,
transport, support, motion, and regulation.
⚫ Recombinant proteins have wide applications in
medicine, research, and biotechnology.

19. Recombinant DNA products
⚫ Recombinant DNA is used to identify, map and
sequence genes, and to determine their function.
⚫ DNA technology and gene cloning are essential to
the pharmaceutical industry and medicine.
⚫ DNA technology is being used to help diagnose
genetic diseases, such as sickle-cell disease and
Huntington's disease (brain disorder).