This presentation contains; Mobile Application Development (MAD), Platform architecture, Application building blocks, Development tools, Hello Android and Resources...

1. Mobile Application
Development
with ANDROID

2. Agenda
• Mobile Application Development (MAD)
• Platform architecture
• Application building blocks
• Development tools
• Hello Android
• Resources

3. Few reasons to go MAD…
• Smart Phones
– Internet access anywhere
– Social networking
• Millions of mobile users
• Open standards

5. Linux Kernel
• Works as a HAL
• Device drivers
• Memory management
• Process management
• Networking

6. Libraries
• C/C++ libraries
• Interface through Java
• Surface manager – Handling UI Windows
• 2D and 3D graphics
• Media codecs, SQLite, Browser engine

7. Android Runtime
• Dalvik VM
– Dex files
– Compact and efficient than class files
– Limited memory and battery power
• Core Libraries
– Java 5 Std edition
– Collections, I/O etc…

8. Application Framework
• API interface
• Activity manager – manages application
life cycle.

9. Applications
• Built in and user apps
• Can replace built in apps

10. Application Building Blocks
• Activity
• IntentReceiver
• Service
• ContentProvider

11. Activities
• Typically correspond to one UI screen
• But, they can:
– Be faceless
– Be in a floating window
– Return a value

12. Intent Receivers
• Components that respond to broadcast
‘Intents’
• Way to respond to external notification or
alarms
• Apps can invent and broadcast their own
Intent

13. Intents
• Think of Intents as a verb and object; a
description of what you want done
– E.g. VIEW, CALL, PLAY etc..
• System matches Intent with Activity that
can best provide the service
• Activities and IntentReceivers describe
what Intents they can service

14. Services
• Faceless components that run in the
background
– E.g. music player, network download etc…

15. Content Providers
• Enables sharing of data across
applications
– E.g. address book, photo gallery
• Provides uniform APIs for:
– querying
– delete, update and insert.
• Content is represented by URI and MIME
type

16. Development Tools
• Eclipse
• Android SDK
developer.android.com

17. The Emulator
• QEMU-based ARM emulator
• Runs the same image as the
device
• Limitations:
– No Camera support

18. Types of
Android Devices
18

19. HTC Droid
Incredible
Motorola Droid
http://www.androidcentral.com/droid-incredible 19
http://homebiss.blogspot.com/2009/11/motorola-droid-iphone-3gs.html

20. Galaxy Tablet
• Retail: $250 with 2 year
contract
• 7-inch 1024 x 600-pixel LCD
screen
• 0.84 pounds
• 7.48 x 4.74 x 0.47 inches
• 1 GHz Coretx A8 processor
• 512 MB RAM
• 16 or 32 GB internal storage
• Front and rear cameras
20
http://www.samsung.com/us/mobile/galaxy-tab/SCH-I800BKAVZW

21. Android-Powered Microwave
By Touch Revolution – at CES 2010
http://www.pocket-lint.com/news/30712/android-powered-microwave-cooking-
google 21

22. Google Nexus One
• Retail: $530
• Not tied to single
provider
• 3.7-inch 800 x 400-pixel
OLED screen
• No support for multitouch
• 512 MB of built-in flash
memory
• Preloaded 4 GB SD card
• Ubiquitous voice
recognition
• 5-megapixel camera with
zoom and flash
• Navigation system using
Google Maps and GPS
http://www.wired.com/reviews/product/pr_nexus_one 22

23. Hello World
• Generating UIs
– Views – building blocks
– E.g. TextView, EditText, Button
– Placed into Layouts
– E.g.
LinearLayout, TableLayout, AbsoluteLayout

24. Producing an Android App
Java javac Byte
code code
dx Dalvik
.java .class
exe
classes.dex aapt
Byte
code <xml>
Other .class files AndroidManifest.xm .apk
l
<str
>
Resources 24

25. Hello Android Tutorial
25
http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/hello-
world.html

26. Important Files
• src/HelloAndroid.java
– Activity which is started when app executes
• res/layout/main.xml
– Defines & lays out widgets for the activity
• res/values/strings.xml
– String constants used by app
• gen/R.java (Don’t touch!)
– Auto-generated file with identifiers from main.xml, strings.xml,
and elsewhere
• AndroidManifest.xml
– Declares all the app’s components
– Names libraries app needs to be linked against
– Identifies permissions the app expects to be granted
26

27. src/HelloAndroid.java
• Activity which is started when app executes
27

28. res/layout/main.xml
• Declares layouts & widgets for the activity
28
Tree from: http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/index.html

29. Interesting things to do
• Android is open source
• Opportunities for researchers
• Get the source, compile and update the
device image