Reversible data hiding using histogram shifting method

Optimized Reversible Data Hiding Technique for
Secured Data Transmission
Guide:- Submitted by:
Himanshu bal
Department of Information Technology
2015-2016
TE(IT)seminar 14/3/2016 pgno.1 slideno. 1

PROBLEM DEFINITION
Discussing a solution for reversible data hiding by optimizing the
techniques presently available for secured data transmission.
Optimized Reversible Data Hiding Technique for Secured Data Transmission

OBJECTIVE:
1. Generate an optimized reversible data hiding technique to overcome the issues in
current RHD trends like:
1. Low embedding capacity
2. High distortion rate etc.
3. Low utilization of 2D histogram
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INTRODUCTION
1. Steganography is the art or practice of concealing a message, image, or file
within another message, image, or file.
2. The word steganography combines the Ancient Greek words steganos, meaning
"covered, concealed, or protected”.
3. One of its application is Reversible data hiding (RHD).
4. Reversible data hiding (RDH) is used to embed secret message into a cover image
by slightly modifying its pixel values.
TE(IT)seminar 14/3/2016 pgno. 1 slideno.4

WHY STEGANOGRAPHY
OVER
CRYPTOGRAPHY????
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LITERATURE SURVEY
DIFFERENT RDH METHODS:
1. Tian's method of LSB (2003). J. Tian, Reversible data embedding using a difference
expansion, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 890–
896,Aug.2003
2. Ni et al’s method of histogram shifting (2006). Reversible image watermarking on
prediction errors by efficient histogram modification, Signal Process., vol. 92,no. 12,
pp. 3000–3009, Dec. 2006.
3. Thodi and Rodriguez hybrid method (2012). , “A Novel Reversible Data Hiding
Scheme Based on Two-Dimensional Difference-Histogram Modification”, IEEE
Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, July 2012.

RELATED WORKS

NE ET AL’S METHOD OF HISTOGRAM
SHIFTING
1. The method modifies the pixel-pairs with differences 1 or -1 to carry data.
2. For data embedding, the difference image is first computed for a gray-scale cover
image using formula :
D(i,j) = I(i, 2j + 1) – I(i, 2j)
3. Then marked image is obtained as

NE ET AL’S METHOD OF HISTOGRAM
SHIFTING contd.
1.Then the information bits can be extracted as
2.And finally the original picture can be recovered
3.Here the difference Dm(i,j) = Im(i,2j+1) – Im(i, 2j) is the difference value
computed from the marked image.
b=
0, if Dm(i,j)=-1
1, if Dm(i,j)=+1

NOW LETS’S COME TO OUR NEW
ENHANCED METHOD

ARCHITECTURE FOR EMBEDDING
AND EXTRACTION
ARCHITECTURE FOR EMBEDDING ARCHITECTURE FOR EXTRACTION

WORKING OF HISTOGRAM SHIFTING
BASED RDH METHOD
THE HISTOGRAM SHIFTING BASED RHD METHOD REQUIRE FOUR
STEPS TO COMPLETE THE PROCESS:
1. Histogram shifting
2. Encoding process
3. Embedding process
4. Extraction process

HISTOGRAM SHIFTING CONSISTS OF
FOLLOWING STEPS
1. Computing difference image for gray scale
2. Using histogram bins for expansion embedding
3. Modification of pixels

ENCODING PROCESS
1. Data compression.
2. Using run length encoding.
3. Counting the runs.

EMBEDDING PROCESS
1. Dividing the host image into non overlapping blocks.
2. Using LSB replacement to embed the location mapping.
3. embed the LSB sequence Into using shifting and embedding functions
Illustration of the data embedding

WORKING PRINCIPLE FOR
EMBEDDING ANY TYPE OF MESSAGE
INFO HIDDEN
INFO
HIDDEN
INFO
STEGO
KEY
COVER
MEDIUM
STEGO
OUTPUT

EXTRACTION PROCESS
1. Dividing the marked image blocks.
2. determining the location map.
3. Extraction the embedded data.

RESULTS OF HISTOGRAM METHOD
ORIGINAL IMAGE IMAGE AFTER EMBEDDING
HISTOGRAM BASED ON ORIGINAL IMAGE
SHIFTED AND EMBEDDED HISTOGRAM

PSNR VS EMBEDDING RATE
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

MOTIVATION

ADVANTAGES
1. The embedding capacity has been enhanced.
2. The distortion ration is reduced.
3. Better utilization of 2D histogram.
4. Better recovery of image.

CONCLUSION
This algorithm can achieve a better performance compared with the
state-of-the-art works. So the proposed framework has a potential to
provide excellent RDH algorithms.

TE(IT)seminar 14/3/2016 pgno. slideno. 23

Reversible data hiding using histogram shifting method

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