New ApacheHVAC Features in VE 2012

ApacheHVAC in VE 2012

Cooling tower loop
Condenser water loop Electric water cooled chiller Chilled water loop
Tlct Tlet
Open cooling Towb
tower
Vc Ve
L T1 Compressor
Cooling tower
loop pump
Secondary pump Tldb
Cooling

Condenser
gl

Evaporator
Water-to-water G tower
heat exchanger

Secondary pump
Expansion
Boiler(s) T2 device Cooling coil or
Tewt

Tewt

Tewt

Tewt

Towb Tect chilled ceiling
Common pipe

Combined heat
and power
Water-to-air

Water-to-air
Heating coil

Heating coil

Heating coil
Cooling coil
Water-to-air

Water-to-air

Cooling coil

Cooling coil
heat pump

heat pump
heat pump

heat pump

Condenser
Air-to-water Key:
heat pump water pump
water Primary pump Tedb
ge
Heat recovery
Tewb
Tedb

air
Primary pump
Solar water
Water source heater
heat exchanger

To water source Key: water air
(lake, well, etc.)

Copyright © 2012 Integrated Environmental Solutions Limited. All rights reserved.

ApacheHVAC: Flexible modeling of standard and advanced systems
• Numerous customizable pre-defined systems and equipment options in HVAC library
• Components based modeling affords exceptional flexibility and controls modeling
• Pre-define conventional and advanced systems can be modified to match design
• Supports interaction with thermal models for nat-vent, DSF, labyrinths, UFAD, etc.
• Multiple systems, models, and VE modules can interact within a single thermal zone.
• Increasingly user-friendly system setup, sizing, and customization
• System loads/sizing reports and detailed results analysis options

With the addition of a few controls (or using the 07c Mixed-mode VAV
system from the HVAC library), a standard VAV system with chilled and
hot-water loops can become a mixed-mode system integrated and
interacting with natural ventilation at every simulation time step.

Systems and components offer many options – simple to detailed
• HVAC library offers import & export of pre-defined and custom systems, equipment, and controls
• Predefined conventional multi-zone VAV systems, for example, include…
• Single- and “dual-max” VAV controls; airflow- or SAT-first cooling control strategies
• Coil water flow control for LAT-first re-heat control strategy
• Night-cycle operation with minimum fan flow rate and OA min or off
• OA economizer: DBT, WBT, or DPT limits, diff enthalpy, mixed temp reset
• Demand-controlled ventilation (zone CO2-based DCV); separate EA & transfer paths
• Chilled-water, DX, or evaporative (IDE or IDDE) cooling; simple or advanced coil models;
• Predefined non-standard systems include…
• Mixed-mode (mech/nat-vent), UFAD, active chilled beams, DOAS, DCV, radiant panels, etc.
• Expanded waterside capabilities cover a broad range of equipment configurations for heating,
cooling, pre-heating, pre-cooling, waterside economizes, heat recovery, heat transfer, and more.

Cooling tower loop

Open cooling Towb
tower

Cooling tower
loop pump

Water-to-water
heat exchanger

Secondary pump

Boiler(s)

Tewt

Tewt

Tewt

Tewt
Common pipe
Combined heat
and power

Water-to-air

Water-to-air
Heating coil

Heating coil

Heating coil
Cooling coil
Water-to-air

Water-to-air

Cooling coil

Cooling coil
heat pump

heat pump
heat pump

heat pump
Air-to-water
heat pump

Heat recovery

Tewb
Tedb
Primary pump
Solar water
Water source heater
heat exchanger

(lake, well, etc.)


ApacheHVAC in VE 2012
• New interface, HVAC systems library, editing tools, and waterside features.


HVAC Systems Library
• New prototype systems, enhanced selection tree, and mouse-driven placement.


• Expanded import options for HVAC equipment, profiles, and fuels/energy end-use.


• Export complete systems or any subset to a user library.
• Export options for selection, HVAC equipment, profiles, and fuels/energy end-uses


System and Multiplex editing
• System and multiplex “containers” aid selecting, naming, moving, copying, and export.

• New options for adding multiplex layers when assigning from room/zone group.


User interface and controller editing
• Updated and better organized toolbars

• New system network drawing
interface:
• Drag & drop Move and Copy
• Select-drag MOVE
• Select-Ctrl-drag COPY
• Stretchable controller and
sensor leads
• Start-cusp-end drawing of
network paths with minimal
mouse clicks using “pencil”
• New mouse-keyboard
shortcuts

System setup, main input parameters, autosizing, and reports
• System setup & sizing toolbar in ApacheHVAC
• System schedules
• Parameters
• Zone-level sizing
• 62.1 ventilation
• System-level sizing
• Sizing reports

Focus on current HVAC file eliminates need
for “proposed.asp” target file.*

*This file naming convention is still auto-
generated and required when using the
ASHRAE 90.1 PRM Navigator.


Heat transfer loop
• Extensive control over loop parameters and sizing.


Heat transfer loop
• Numerous options for heat acquisition/pre-heat and heating equipment sequencing.


Heat transfer loop
Cooling tower loop

Open cooling Towb
tower

Cooling tower
loop pump

Water-to-water
heat exchanger

Secondary pump

Boiler(s)

Tewt

Tewt

Tewt

Tewt
Common pipe

Combined heat
and power

Water-to-air

Water-to-air
Heating coil

Heating coil

Heating coil
Cooling coil
Water-to-air

Water-to-air

Cooling coil

Cooling coil
heat pump

heat pump
heat pump

heat pump
Air-to-water
heat pump

Heat recovery

Tewb
Tedb

Primary pump
Solar water
Water source heater
heat exchanger

(lake, well, etc.)

Heat transfer loop

This conceptual diagram of the new heat transfer loop in ApacheHVAC shows it as configured for
zone-level water-loop (water-to-air) heat pumps, as well as a range of optional heating and cooling
sources. Not all options , such as fluid cooler vs. cooling tower, are shown. Connections to other
loops, such as for condenser heat recovery from a CW loop, are also not shown on this diagram.


Heat transfer loop
• Water-source heat exchanger for heat acquisition and/or rejection.
• Cooling tower and wet/dry fluid cooler options for heat rejection.


Water-to-air heat pumps
• Water-to-air heat pumps (WAHPs) with heating and cooling modes
• Zone-level devices that attach to a common heat transfer loop


Water-to-air heat pump coils
• New dedicated variants of the “simple coil”
model for use with WAHPs


Waterside modeling
• Chilled water pre-cooling loop
• cooling tower
• fluid cooler
• water-source heat exchanger

• Enhanced heat transfer from
condenser-water loop to hot
water and heat transfer loops

• Selection of recipient moved to
recipient loop (remains displayed
on provider loop)


Enhanced Heat Recovery
• Choice of percentage availability
and explicit heat transfer models
for both hot-water loop and
heat-transfer loops
• Multiple heat recovery sources
(i.e., more than one CW loop)
now permitted with percentage
availability model
• Optional WWHP can be used to
upgrade heat from each source
can to higher HTL or HWL temp
• Fixed COP (steady-state
performance) when used
with the simpler percentage
availability CHR model


Enhanced Heat Recovery
• Explicit model for inter-loop
heat exchanger
• Design effectiveness at
loop design temperatures
• Effectiveness varies with
delta-T between loops
• For use with single source
and recipient loops
• Simple WWHP for optional
upgrade of recovered heat
from CW temperature to
higher HTL or HWL
temperatures.
• COP settings for two
specified thermal lift
(delta-T) data points
• Linear interpolation of
COP between data points


Waterside modeling
• Radiators and chilled ceilings now see temperature variation of connected water loop
(design temp, reset, or off-design temps when “underserved”), and are compatible
with integrated waterside economizer operation.

• Defined types have been made “scalable” via number of units input in the radiator and
chilled ceiling dialogs.

• Autosizable radiators and chilled ceilings will be included in the next feature pack. This
will provide autosized water flow rate and number of units, and will also add several
related design parameters to the dialogs for radiators and chilled ceilings.

DX Cooling
• Separation of DX Cooling
performance characteristics in
type dialog from sizing for each
instance
• Type provides
performance curves, rated
COP, condenser fan EIR,
and rating conditions.
• Coil dialog includes
capacity, coil contact
factor, design conditions,
and resulting design COP.


Usability enhancements
• Expanded HVAC network integrity checks with
highlighting of opposing flows

• Separate oversizing factor for fans and new
system-level fan min flow rate parameter

• Specification of infiltration rate in terms of
l/s or cfm per unit façade area, rather than
floor area (in thermal templates and room
data Air Exchanges )

• Coupling of OR connections to controllers
without sensors

• Refinements to modeling and controls
(behind the scenes) for coils and water loops

• New pre-defined HVAC systems using VE 2012 capabilities


IES <Virtual Environment>
Integrated building performance analysis

Cooling Season HVAC System Energy
May – September Denver, Colorado (TMY climate data)

Radiant+DOAS 1.93 0.64 Estimated savings = 62 to 71%
0.26 0.21

VAV+WSFC-precool 3.64 4.19
0.49

VAV with WSFC 4.51 4.13
0.36

VAV Baseline 6.41 3.85
0.36

Chillers (VAV only), cooling towers, and chilled water pumps (MWh)
Hydronic system pumps and evaporative cooling spray pump (MWh)
Fans (including cooling tower fan for waterside free cooling) (MWh)
Boilers, natual gas (MWh)


New ApacheHVAC Features in VE 2012

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