This document provides instruction on using the simple present tense in English. It discusses when the simple present is used, including for repeated or habitual actions, general truths, scheduled events, and sequences of actions. It then covers the formation of the simple present, including subject verb agreement and rules for adding "s" to verbs. Finally, it discusses how to form negatives and interrogatives using the simple present, including the use of auxiliary verbs like "do" and "does".
2. Simple Present
When we use the simple present?
1.1. repeated actions:
My friend often draws nice posters.
1.2. things in general:
The sun rises in the east.
1.3. fixed arrangements, scheduled events
The plane flies to London every Monday.
1.4. sequence of actions in the present
First I get up, then I have breakfast.
1.5. with special verbs
I understand English.
3. Form:
I, YOU, WE, YOU, THEY
Subject + Main Verb (infinitive) + Complement
I work every day
You work every day
We work every day
You work every day
They work every day
HE, SHE, IT
Subject + Main Verb (infinitive) + S + Complement
He works every day
She works every day
It works every day
4. “S” rules:
-o, -z, -ss, -ch, -sh, -x + es
to teach (ensinar) - teaches
to watch (assistir) - watches
to push (empurrar) - pushes
to kiss (beijar) - kisses
to go (ir) - goes
to fix (consertar) - fixes
-y precedido de consoante + ies
to fry (fritar) - fries
to fly (voar) - flies
to study (estudar) - studies
to worry (preocupar-se) - worries
-y precedido de vogal + s
to say (dizer) - says
to play (brincar; jogar) - plays
5. Negative
Form:
Do not negates a main verb in English. Always use the
auxiliary do for negations and the infinitive of the verb.
I
YOU
WE
YOU
THEY
Do not
HE
SHE
IT
Does not
Long forms
I do not clean the room.
You do not clean the room.
He does not clean the room.
Contracted forms
I don't clean the room.
You don't clean the room.
He doesn't clean the room.
