Step 3: Human Centered Design

1. Methods:
Body Language, Photo
Journal, Frame Your
Design Challenge
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna

2. Body Language
● Nonverbal communication
○ Posture
○ Gestures
○ Facial expression
American Psychological Association
https://dictionary.apa.org/body-language
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna

3. Body Language
The basics:
● Maintain eye contact
● Nodding & smiling
● Providing non-verbal cues
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna
Photo by Jenna Lucarello

4. Body Language
Step 1: Level yourself with interviewee
Step 2: Demonstrate full attention
Step 3: Take notes
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna
Photo by Jenna Lucarello

5. Body Language
Step 4: Don’t be afraid of silence
Step 5: Build empathy
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna
Photo by Jenna Lucarello

6. Body Language
● Learning how to read it can be a trained skill
● Affects vast areas around the globe
○ Intercultural exchanges
○ Police investigations
American Psychological Association
https://www.apa.org/research/action/speaking-of-psychology/nonverbal-communication
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna

7. Photo Journals
Photo Diary - keeping track of your life
through pictures, with limited description
Why Photo Journals? Memories
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna
Photo by Barbara Marquez

8. Photo Journal
Photos of my study abroad trip -
this is making a personal photo
journal for myself to remember
my trip
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna
Photo by Barbara Marquez

9. Photo Journal
Steps
1. Take and gather photos
2. Choose format
3. Choose text
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna
Photo by Barbara Marquez

10. Photo Journal
Examples can include
● Weddings
● Family gatherings
● Birthdays
● Vacations
● Holidays
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna
Photo by Barbara Marquez

11. Photo Journal
https://www.shihoriobata.com/blog/reflective-writing-journal-examples/
According to a blogger Shihori Obata
● A personal response to experiences, situations, events or new information.
● It is a processing phase where thinking and learning take place
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna

12. Frame Your
Design Challenge
Suggested Time
90 Minutes
Level of Difficulty
Hard
Materials Needed
Pens, Post-its
Participants
Design team
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna

13. Frame Your Design Challenge
Step 1
Write your design challenge.
- Short and easy to remember (1 sentence).
- Frame it as a question.
- Solution-oriented.
- Ex. Make people less anxious.
How might we reduce anxiety?
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna
Photos by Zach Libal

14. Frame Your Design Challenge
Step 2
Working toward ultimate impact.
- Allow for a variety of solutions.
- Take into account constraints and context.
- Now try articulating it again with those factors in mind.
- Ex. Eliminate all unnecessary anxiety.
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna

15. Frame Your Design Challenge
Step 3
Don’t be too narrow or too broad!
- Narrow = won’t offer enough room to explore creative solutions.
- Broad = won’t give you any idea where to start.
- Starting with “how might we” is the best practice.
- How might we reduce anxiety amongst college students?
https://uxdesign.cc/how-to-properly-frame-your-design-challenge-eccb4d89cb83
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna

16. Frame Your Design Challenge
Step 4
Do it again!
- It may seem repetitive.
- The right question will give you the right solution.
Quick Test
See if you can come up with five possible solutions
in just a few minutes.
- If so, you’re likely on the right track!
Design for Smartphones and iPads | Zach, Barbara, Jenna
Photo by Zach Libal

17. THANK YOU