2. Brigham Young
University
>50 languages taught
regularly, +30 languages
70% speak a second
language
6% foreign, >110 countries
BYU Independent Study
Around since 1920s
Distance/online/interactive
Global reach
11 languages: HS & university
3. -MFS French & Int’l. Education, UW-Madison
-Ph.D. student in Instructional Psych & Tech, BYU
-academic consultant for blended/online
-developed & teaches online French
-developed all of BYU’s online & blended world language
courses (11 languages)
-involved in global literacy initiative
-mentor for ACTFL Distance Learning SIG
-M.A.T. in TESOL, Vermont
-Ph.D. in Linguistics, Purdue
-Section Head of Korean in the Department of Asian and
Near Eastern Languages
-developed and teaches all of BYU’s Independent Study
Korean courses and BYU’s new “BYU Online” hybrid
Korean classes
-Teaching in The U.S. A Guide for International
Educators (2014).
-reviewer for highly respected journals and organizations
(FLA, Fulbright-Hays, Routledge, etc.)
Jennifer Quinlan
Dr. Julie Damron
4. I can…
Identify ways to use technology to enhance
engagement
Identify ways to create collaboration online
Explain the ADDIE process
5. Guiding Instructional Theories
Gagne’s 9 events
Lave & Wegner Community of Learners
Vygotsky Zone of Proximal Development
Vaughn technology for engagement
ADDIE design process
ACTFL 5 C’s
6. ADDIE
Analyze
Design
Develop
Implement
Evaluate
And revise!
Branch, R. M. (2014). Instructional design: the addie approach. Springer.
7. Languages Online… really?
A starting point
1. Awareness of ACTFL standards insufficient
2. Dynamic perspective
3. Considerations of student engagement
4. Achieving higher order thinking
5. Adapting content/asynchronous delivery
Classroom concerns
Online concerns
Analyze
8. How do you integrate
technology?
How does it enhance your
course?
Does it impact your teaching?
9. Approaches
“A start” (weaker sense)
Add on to deficient approaches
Insert technology-based
interactions/assignments without follow-up
“Good progress” (stronger sense)
Transformative process: improves the
educational experience
Capitalize on technology for engagement
(Norm Vaughan, Mount Royal University, 2013. National Survey of
Student Engagement, 2011.)
Design
12. Course Orientation
Live Lesson Schedule
Live Lesson Activity
Conversation Café
Speaking Appointment
Discussion Board
Course Wiki
13.
14.
15.
16. GOALS:
What do you hope to accomplish in
this course?
When do you want to complete?
How many hours a week WILL you
practice speaking?
17. Internal Processes & Corresponding
Instructional Events
Internal Process Instructional Event Action Example
Reception Expectancy Gain attention Abrupt stimulus change
Retrieval to working memory Stimulate recall of prior learning Ask for recall of previously learned
knowledge or skills
Selective perception Present stimulus Display content with distinctive
features in cafe
Semantic encoding Provide learning guidance Scaffolding in content and café
Responding Elicit performance Ask learner to perform
Reinforcement Provide feedback Give informative feedback
Retrieval & reinforcement Assess performance Require additional learner
performance w/feedback
Retrieval & generalization Enhance retention & transfer Varied practice & spaced reviews
(café participation)
Adapted from Gagné, R. M. (1986). The conditions of learning and theory of instruction, p. 246. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
18. What students like most:
Increased motivation
Cooperative learning
Personalization & flexibility
Ability to revisit material
Evaluate
19. What professors like most:
Increased motivation
Peer influence
Personalization & flexibility
Improved retention/completion
21. Evaluate your program:
What matters?
Institutional values
Student/learning values
Pedagogical values
What you value
ADDIE model: Analyze, design, develop,
implement, evaluate (+ revise)
22. Evaluate this session:
I can…
Identify ways to use technology to enhance
engagement
Identify ways to create collaboration online
Explain the ADDIE process
24. For More Information
Online: byu.is/languages
Julie Damron
Julie.damron@byu.edu
Jennifer Quinlan
Jennifer.quinlan@byu.edu
25. References
• ACTFL. (n.d.). Retrieved March 22, 2017, from
https://www.actfl.org/publications/guidelines-and-manuals/actfl-
proficiency-guidelines-2012
• Branch, R. M. (2014). Instructional design: the addie approach.
Springer.
• Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1998). Situated learning: legitimate peripheral
participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Lloyd, P., & Fernyhough, C. (1999). Lev Vygotsky. critical
assessments: The zone of proximal development. London:
Routledge.
• Vaughan, Norman. Mount Royal University, 2013. National Survey of
Student Engagement, 2011.
Notes de l'éditeur
Starting point: ANALYZE these are concerns from classroom and from online
1. Dynamic perspective: keeping in mind that this can continue to evolve – get a starting version out there and continue to improve and expand in response to course and student data – this changes how we approach design and development
2. Student engagement (see next slides)
3. Higher order thinking: Historical challenge with languages of getting beyond drill & kill (see subsequent slide)
4. Considerations for potential blended course in the future
Peer-to-peer interaction in cafe
Creating synchronous interactions using web conferencing & using Camtasia Relay to enhance audio
Using campus resources of native speakers to create models
Add on to deficient approaches
Example: continuing to lecture but adding an optional discussion board
interactions/assignments without follow-up
Example: complete this assignment and submit it online but no live discussion/feedback or significantly delayed feedback
Transformative process that improves the quality of the educational experience
Example: redesign deficient approaches or replace them completely with effective approaches
Capitalize on the potential of technology for engagement
Include immediate/live-feed interactions and feedback to help students progress more successfully
When to incorporate F2F or online learning?
Things to consider when designing learning activities in blended environment.
Few definitive studies re how to blend synchronous and asynchronous.
This is what we are reasonably sure of. This influenced, however, by discipline, level of instruction and contextual constraints.
Note Katrina Meyer’s research.
Examples:
F2F better to get started and organized
F2F is can generate energy, motivation
Online better to discuss, resolve more complex tasks and abstract ideas
Online provides sustained engagement, convenience
Fostering situated learning (Lave & Wenger)
Creating a course community
Forum for connection (discussion board, live lessons, café)
mixed levels do not impede learning in café but enhance it: Newcomers learn from old timers
Mastery of skills/proficiency is evident as learners progress from newcomer to old timer
Explains student responsibilities and ways in which they will communicate
Interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational
Low stakes environment to practice and prepare for graded interactions – a type of formative assessment
Elicits performance, feedback, and evaluation, often deficient in classroom setting
Implementing Vygotsky: Café students in the zone of proximal development (difference between what a student can do with no help and what they can do with help) – this is an environment where they synthesize and achieve creative output, based on scaffolds and TA/peer support to encourage going beyond their tacit knowledge
Graded one-on-one interactions with two parts. Rubric helps students know exactly what to expect. In future iteration: plan to include video models from past students.
Accountability, preparing students for on-going practice & retrieval (gagne)
Correlating course model to Gagne’s events and internal processes
Students in other language courses have cited café helping increase motivation to speak; enjoy cooperative learning experience
Able to get personalized instruction in speaking appointments and live lessons
Flexibility to do it at their own pace and work on material any time of day
Ability to revisit material over and over, as often as they wish, whenever they wish
Students in other language courses have cited café helping increase motivation to speak; enjoy cooperative learning experience
Able to get personalized instruction in speaking appointments and live lessons
Flexibility to do it at their own pace and work on material any time of day
Ability to revisit material over and over, as often as they wish, whenever they wish
Students in other language courses have cited café helping increase motivation to speak; enjoy cooperative learning experience
Able to get personalized instruction in speaking appointments and live lessons
Flexibility to do it at their own pace and work on material any time of day
Ability to revisit material over and over, as often as they wish, whenever they wish