:)

2. 
The K-12 Curriculum Guide identifies ethical
decision making (pagpapasyang etikal) as the
main teaching approach in the teaching of
Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao. The Curriculum
Guide further explains: “Ang paggawa ng
pagpapasyang etikal o moral ay ang pagbuo ng
pasiya na may preperensya sa kabutihan at
magpapatingkad o maglilinang ng pagkatao ng
tao.
APPROACHES IN
TEACHING EsP

3. 
Proseso ito na kinapapalooban ng (a)
pagalam ng mga detalye sa sitwasyon at
(b) maingat na pagsasaalang-alang ng
mga moral na pagpapahalaga ma
mahalaga sa isang sitwasyon sa pang-
araw-araw na buhay at ang kamalayan
sa mga tao o pangkat na maaapektuhan
ng pasya.”
APPROACHES IN
TEACHING EsP

4. 
1. VALUES INCULCATION
2. MORAL DEVELOPMENT
APPROACH
3. ANALYSIS APPROACH
4. VALUE CLARIFICATION
5. ACTION LEARNING
6. EMOTIONAL-RATIONAL
APPROACH
SIX MORE DIFFERENT APPRAOCH IN
TEACHING ESP IN THE CLASSROOM

5. 
 Teaching methods under values inculcation
approach include explanation, positive,
negative reinforcement and modeling.
Teachers often simply tell students what
they should believe in and how they should
behave. They praise students when they
behave and punish them when they
don’t. These methods can be used
separately or in combination.
VALUES INCULCTION
APPROACH

6. 
The most popular method under this
approach is the moral dilemma. It may be
presented through activities like role-
playing and skit. The focus of moral
dilemmas is on the moral reasoning not the
choice of the students to determine their
moral developmental stage based on
Kohlberg’s Theory.
MORAL DEVELOPMENT
APPROACH

7. Valuing is guided not by the dictates of the heart
and conscience but by rules and procedure of
logic. This is usually applied in public policy or
social values rather than issues involving personal
values. This approach makes use of problem
analysis and decision-making methods. Using
these activities, students identify the key concepts
of the dispute, recognize values, identify relevant
facts, arrange alternatives and predict
consequences.
ANALYSIS APPROACH

8. 
 Helps students clarify and actualize values.
Here are the seven-fold outline of the process of
valuing:
1. Choosing from alternatives;
2. Choosing after careful consideration of the
consequences of each alternatives;
3. Choosing freely;
VALUE CLARIFICATION
APPROACH

9. 
4. Prizing, being glad of one’s choice;
5. Prizing, being willing to affirm publicly one’s
choice;
6. Acting upon one’s choice, incorporating choices
into behavior and
7. Acting upon one’s choice repeatedly, overtime.
VALUE CLARIFICATION
APPROACH

10. 
 This develops students’
abilities to act directly in
personal and social
situations that express
their personal values.
ACTION LEARNING
APPROACH

11. 
 Attempts to help students
understand and adopt a
lifestyle based on care and
consideration for others as
well as self (Kupchenko).
EMOTIONAL-RATIONAL
APPROACH

12. METHODS INCLUDE:
1. Expressive and communication techniques such us
speaking, writing prose, poetry and plays, painting,
modeling with clay, and photography;
2. Discussion techniques, such as small group and entire
class discussions;
3. Drama techniques with students writing and acting in
their own plays;
4. Role playing based on situations common to students’
experience;
5. Simulations involving family, school, or community
problems; and
6. Real life involvement such us helping individuals
within the community.