2. 1. Perform plant
care and
management
1. Water management is implemented according
to plan.
2. Effective control measures are determined on
specific pest and diseases as described under
the “pest, disease and weed management” of
the PNS
3. All missing hills are replanted to maintain the
desired plant population of the area
4. Plant rejuvenation/rationing are maintained
according to PNS.
5. Organic fertilizers are applied in accordance
with fertilization policy of the PNS
LEARNING OUTCOME
3. Preparing growth media
• Use the ratio of 1:1:1
• One (1) part of ordinary garden soil, one (1) part of
vermicompost and one (1) part of coco coir dust or
carbonized rice hull
• Introduce beneficial microorganisms
Establishing Organic Nursery
4. Preparing the seedbed
• Clear the area and prepare growth media
• Sterilize plots through sun drying or hot water
treatment
• Introduce beneficial microorganisms
• Provide access to clean and unchlorinated water
• Prepare the seedbeds using indigenous materials
• Seedling trays maybe used or “arorong”
• Strictly record the activities
Establishing Organic Nursery
5. Preparing the land
• Thorough land preparation by pulverizing soil and
make it free from weeds
• Construct canals and waterways for proper
drainage
• One meter of width of plot (distance depends upon
the crop to be planted)
• Sterilize plots
• Introduce beneficial microorganisms
• Strictly record the activities
Planting Seedlings
6. Procedures of Planting and Transplanting
• Land Preparation
• Staking
• Establishing distance
• Holing
• Sterilizing
• Basal application
• Spraying concoctions
• Planting
Planting Seedlings
9. General procedures in plant care
• Visit the plants everyday and observe presence of pests and
diseases
• Water the plants every other day preferably in the morning
• Weed the plants when needed by hand weeding
• Spray concoction to make the soil healthy (feed the soil, not
the plant)
• For faster growth, spray IMO & FPJ
• Spray FFJ to make fruits healthy and good taste
• Spray OHN and LABS when there are insect pests and
diseases observed
• Plant insect repellants around the garden
• Practice crop rotation
Performing plant care activities
10. Organic Control Methods
• Introduction of beneficial microorganisms
• Increase population of natural enemies by planting
alternative host plant for natural enemies
• Use parasitoid
• Maintain sanitation in the field
• Plant sacrificial plant
Performing plant care activities
11. Improving soil fertility
• Use of organic fertilizer
• Loosen the soil and spray IMO to increase the
growth of beneficial microorganism
• Practice intercropping
• Application of green manure
• Practice crop rotation
• Prevent soil erosion through cover cropping
• Practice fallow period
Performing plant care activities
12. Applying basal and foliar fertilizer
• Basal fertilizer is applied in the soil by digging holes
or mixing basal fertilizer into the soil of preferred
bed before planting the seedling.
• Foliar fertilizer is applied by spraying into the plant
leaves and body during ambient temperature while
the stomata is open.
Performing plant care activities
13. 8. USE MULCH
• Mulch – a protective covering, usually of organic
matter such as leaves, straw, placed around plants
to prevent the evaporation of moisture and the
growth of weeds.
• For wet and dry season
• For weed control
• As soil protection
• To protect the fruits
• Reduces pests and diseases
• Saves on watering and labor
• Better quality of crops and yields
19. 2. Direct seeding
Pole sitao - plant two to three seeds/hill.
Cover with 2-2.5 cm with pulverized soil. At
10 days after emergence (DAE), thin out
seedling to one plant per hill.
Ampalaya – Break the seed coat lightly and
soak the seeds in water for 24 hours, then
wash. Incubate for 24 – 48 hours until the
radicle appear. Plant the seeds with uniform
germination to have uniform stand of plant
in the field
20. SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT
Vigorous seedlings are the foundation of
vigorous plants
- can tolerate certain level of pest
infestation and disease infection
Production of Seedlings
1.Soil medium preparation
- Prepare the soil medium by thoroughly
mixing a 1:1:1 ratio garden soil,
compost, and one of the three:
carbonated rice hull/rice hull/coir
dust/saw dust
21. 2. Sowing of seeds
a. Use of seedling tray
• multi cell plastic trays are available in
different sizes (50 to 140 cells per tray)
• The soil media is filled into the plastic
tray
• Depending on the crop, one to two seeds
are placed into each cell
• Depth of sowing depends on the size of
the seed. As a rule of thumb, it should be
only twice the size of the seed
22. 3. Care of seedlings
•Water the sown seeds once a day
during the first 3 days
•For seedlings sown in seedbox,
prick the seedlings 3-5 days after
germination and transplant to
seedling trays (1 seedling per cell)
Pricking is not done for seeds sown
directly in plastic seedling tray
23. Hardened seedlings can easily recover from
stress during transplanting
•Seedlings 3-4 week old are ready for
transplanting
25. 4. Transplanting
•Transplant the seedling during cloudy
days, cool weather or in the afternoon
when the sun is not too hot to avoid
seedling shock.
•Minimize root injuries/disturbance.
•Remove the seedlings from the
seedling tray with the soil medium as
compact as possible.
26. Lay Out
Planting distance: 0.40 m x 0.50m distance between hills, 2
rows in a plot for eggplant and ampalaya
27. Planting distance: 0.40 m x 0.50m distance between
hills, 2 rows in a plot for ampalaya
Lay Out
30. CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF THE PLANTS
1. Fertilization
- to provide plants that are lacking in the soil by using
organic fertilizer
- Organic fertilizers include composts and
microbial based fertilizers
- Fertilizers are applied basal (applied before
planting or transplanting)
31. Characteristics of organic fertilizers
1. Low nutrient content
2. Slow effect
3. Can be dried and stored for a long time
4. Promote good condition of the soil
32. CROP TIME OF APPLICATION TYPE OF
FERTILIZER
AMOUNT
(g/m2)
AMPALAYA -Planting time (basal)
-30 days after planting (side
dressing)
Compost 3000
EGGPLANT -4-5 days after planting (basal)
-20-25 days after planting (side
dressing) (repeat every 30
days)
Compost or
commercially
available organic
fertilizers
3000 or as
recommende
d
PECHAY -Before planting (basal)
- 2-3 days after planting
Organic Fertilizer 1000
TOMATO -Planting time (basal)
-7 days after planting
(sidedressing)
-25 days after 1st
(sidedressing)
Compost or
commercially
available organic
fertilizers
3000 or as
recommende
d
36. • Trellising – providing support to
climbing plants
1. Ampalaya
• Before the vines creep, construct
vertical, overhead or fence type
trellises.
• Lay-out 2.5 m long and 2 – 2.5 cm
wide ipil-ipil, bamboo or kakawate
poles 2 m apart within rows
37. 2. Pole sitao
• Provide wood or bamboo trellis
measuring two meters for climbing
vines.
• Provide vertical single support trellis
made from either bamboo or wood,
with a height of 2 m.
40. • VINE TRAINING( ampalaya, pole sitao)
-train the vines by spreading them evenly
across the trellis until they reach the top
PRUNING (ampalaya)
• Remove the lower lateral or branches to
facilitate vine growth at the top of the
trellis
43. Weed Control
1. Remove weeds around the plants
2. Cut-off the weeds in between rows
using a scythe.
MULCHING
-Mulch with rice straw to control weeds
and conserve soil moisture
