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Preliminary Task 2
1. Juan Uribe And Nazim Kurt
AS Media Studies
Preliminary Task 2
Continuity Video Task
2. Video continuity - Project Brief
For the second preliminary task, we have produced a short clip approximately
lasting half of a minute. Doing both tasks , filming and editing a continuity
sequence that leads to a tense climax . The clip shows our comprehension of the
following media techniques :
● Match on action
● Eyeline match
● Cross cutting
● Shot/reverse shot
● The 180-degree rule
3. Matched On Action
● Cutting on action or matching on action refers to film editing and video
editing techniques where the editor cuts from one shot to another view that
matches the first shot’s action .
● Although the two shots may have actually been shot hours apart from each
other, cutting on action gives the impression of continuous time when
watching the edited film .
● A common example is a man walking up to a door and reaching for the knob.
Just as his hand touches the knob, the scene cuts to a shot of the door
opening from the other side .
4. Demonstration of Match on Action
● CUT ONE - From a mid shot slightly over the guy’s shoulder to a medium long
two - person shot . Both shots show the characters moving in for a kiss wich
masks the cut .
● CUT TWO - From the med - long 2 - shot to med - close up over the guy’s
shoulder. Kiss still ongoing which hides the cut to the new shot. Kiss ends
shortly after the cut.
See this in the following slide.
5.
6. Eyeline Match
● Eyeline match is a film technique that is used to cut two shots together. Such that
the audience may infer what a character was looking at. The technique is
frequently used to help the audience feel a connection to the story .
● As they can “see” what the character is seeing, through the character’s eyes. This
technique is often used when a shot includes a character. One who is looking at
something , or someone , outside the existing frame of the shot .
● Such that the audience cannot initially see what the character is looking at. Then ,
the next shot , which is pieced in using the eyeline match technique. Showing what
the character is looking at, generally from the same angle .
7. Demonstration of Eyeline Match
● The two characters occupied the same screen space in a long shot so the
eyeline match was less necessary . We can easily see who is looking at who
because the guy on the right was able to cross the line of action , without
disrupting the audience’s sense of who is looking at who .
● It was only in the second half of the scene when he moved to close ups that
the eyeline match became necessary , otherwise the characters would not of
appear to have been looking at each other .
● The film example displayed ( that its in the next slide ) is The Shining (1980)
directed by Stanley Kubrick.
8.
9. Cross Cutting
● Editing technique in which the camera will
cut away from one scene or action to another action.
● In order to establish a relationship between two
scenes, and sometimes suggest the actions are
happening simultaneously. It can also be used to show
suspense or create tension in a story.
10. Demonstration of Cross Cutting
● In Ferris Bueller's Day Off, Ferris pretends to be bedridden while talking to
his father on the phone, but really he's sitting at his computer, pressuring his
buddy Cameron to come over. To build suspense. Crosscutting can bring
viewers to the edges of their seats.
● Christopher Nolan uses cross-cutting extensively in films such as Interstellar,
The Dark Knight and Inception particularly in the latter, in which sequences
depict multiple simultaneous levels of consciousness.
11.
12. Shot/Reverse Shot
● Shot/reverse shot is a film technique where one character
is shown looking at another character, and then the other
character is shown looking back at the first character.
Since the characters are shown facing in opposite
directions, the viewer assumes that they are looking at
each other.
● The shot/reverse shot creates the impression of a single unbroken
conversation by cutting between alternating camera angles. This is a form of
continuity editing — the movie magic that allows films to tell a consistent
story when using more than one shot.
13. Demonstration of Shot/Reverse Shot
● The term was coined by Sergei
Eisenstein in 1925 while working as a director for his first
sound film Strike.
● The shot/reverse shot is a classic continuity editing
technique and a mainstay of cinematography. It allows
filmmakers to convey a sense of continuous action by
toggling between two camera angles.
15. The 180 Degree Rule
● The 180-degree rule states that two characters or more in a scene should always have the
same left/right relationship with each other. The rule dictates that you draw an imaginary
line between these two characters or subjects and try to keep your cameras on the same
side of this 180-degree line.
● This cinematographic guideline helps filmmakers create dialogue scenes during principal
photography that feel consistent, keeping the viewer focused amid the action.
16. Demonstration of The 180 Degree Rule
● Cutting to a shot across the imaginary line breaks the 180-degree rule, but moving
the camera during an uninterrupted shot allows you to cross the line without
disorienting the audience. You can use this technique to signal that there's been
an emotional shift in the scene .
● Example could be a car chase: If a vehicle leaves the right side of the frame in one
shot, it should enter from the left side of the frame in the next shot. Leaving from
the right and entering from the right creates a similar sense of disorientation as in
the dialogue example .
18. Preliminary Task Synopsis
The student walking in the corridor , one teacher interrupts him to ask him
something , then the student enters the room , he sits down to do the project
homework.
19. Initial Script
● Scene 1
Lead character walks down the corridor
● Scene 2
Lead character meets with the support character
● Scene 3
Lead character and support character start to have a conversation
Lead character takes off his gum and sticks it to the wall
● Scene 4
Lead character enters the classroom and sits down
● Scene 5
Lead character and second support character start to have a conversation
31. Preliminary Task Evaluation
We will define and critically evaluate the essential steps we took to successfully finish this initial
project for our media studies curriculum in this preliminary task review.
Our first assignment was to develop a photo tale that adheres to a preset collection of images in
order to illustrate a straightforward plot. Writing, directing, camera operation, and
cinematography all depend on the sorts of shots to effectively express a shot's visual features,
particularly the size of a subject—often a person—within the frame. The utilization of common
types of shots, framing, and picture composition were the main focuses of this assignment.
When I first learned about the most typical and fundamental filmmaking techniques, which are
standard in the video, film, and television industries, we had to apply that knowledge to creating
photo stories.
32. We had to dedicate all of our attention to showing that we understood the topic
and could frame the image and intended subject.
We have mostly concentrated on topic size and camera angle for better
understanding. We have discovered that there are seven main shot sizes when
using people as the main subject: very long shot, medium shot, over the shoulder
shot, medium close-up, medium long shot, pan, and the 180 degree rule.
33. While close shots focus on the specifics of the topic and emphasize a
character's emotions, long shots, also known as wide shots, show the subject
from a distance, emphasizing place and location.
Medium shots come somewhere in the middle, emphasizing the subject while
retaining part of the background. Shot types can also show where a camera is
positioned in relation to the subject, in addition to the subject's size within the
frame.
34. Over the shoulder is the camera angle utilized in this photo narrative. In this kind of photo, the
subject is framed in anywhere from a medium to close-up, usually from behind the shoulder of
another person. For capturing reactions during chats, utilize this shot. It frequently emphasizes
the bond between two people more.
In addition, we employed an establishing shot, or a shot of a scene, to get the required
arrangement. The place and surroundings are established with the help of this image.
Additionally, it can be employed to set the tone and provide the viewer with visual cues about the
time (day/night, year), as well as the overall setting. because they must supply a lot of
information. Usually, establishing shots are lengthy or extremely long shots.
The photographic exercise helped us to better understand the many types of filming shots and
how to use them to accurately and conventionally convey stories.
35. The primary objective of the preliminary work was to create brief video clips that adhered to
common narrative and compositional elements in films. The video sequence is meant to
demonstrate how well we understand the following three media strategies.
The fundamental rule that dictates that two characters in the same scene should always
have the same left-to-right relationship to one another is known as the "180 degree rule."
When two characters are depicted staring at each other in a shot or reverse shot, the first
character is shown looking back at the second.
An action that starts in one shot and is continued or finished in the following scene is
known as a "match on action."
Eyeline and cross-cutting go together.
36. We conducted secondary research before creating this video project. This study included reviewing and examining samples of
comparable student video projects as well as current video that uses the aforementioned media strategies.
The 180 degree rule is employed to show the viewers which two characters are conversing in the shots and to record the
expressions of the characters. The characters' responses both before and after the dialogue suggest a particular atmosphere,
according to the norm.
A continuity editing method known as shot reverse shot is employed when characters are conversing or are just looking at
something or another.
A reverse angle shot of the character gazing at it, or the other character looking back at them, for example, follows a shot showing
what the character is purportedly looking at (either a point of view or over the shoulder shot). The 180 degree rule and shot reversal
shots frequently work together to maintain consistency by preventing the audience's perception of the locations of the characters in
the shots.
A continuity editing method known as "match on action" or "cutting on action" involves transitioning from one shot to another while
maintaining the activity of the original shot's subject. This gives the perception of continuity since the action continues, creating a
"visual bridge" that deflects attention from any minor cutting or continuity errors. This is not a graphic match or match cut; instead
of matching two different items, it depicts a continuous impression of the same movement.
37. After finishing our secondary research, we began the pre-production phase to create a video
sequence that complies with the aforementioned standards. We have a mind map of potential
video sequence ideas at the very beginning. The decision has been made to continue with the
teacher and student video sequence. This concept fully satisfies the demands of the creative,
technological, and visual arts.
Writing a synopsis was the first stage in the pre-production process. When creating the summary
for the students and teachers, we took care to include all the crucial details, including the main
characters, plot, actions, and reactions from beginning to conclusion in chronological sequence.
The next step was to compose a script for the video sequence and finish the storyboard in
accordance with accepted and widely used script writing and storyboard standards. After the
script was finished, we assessed it and visualized it as a series of distinct shots that could each
be represented by a single storyboard panel.
38. We had to consider a variety of factors when creating the storyboard, including: -
Location and setting -Actors appearing in the shot and direction
Props, shot type, angle, and movement.
After finishing the storyboard, we moved on to the last stage of pre-production,
which required finding actors and locations as well as making a list of the
necessary equipment and props. This crucial pre-production phase allowed us to
plan and anticipate practically any problem that might arise when filming on
location.
39. The entire manufacturing process took place inside of a school on a single day.
The availability of the teacher for the filming scene and the pupils was our first
priority.
In the post-production phase, we have first seen the footage and done what is
referred to as rough editing. iMovie, a semi-pro video editing program, was
utilized in the editing of this video sequence.
40. The following camera methods were employed in this assignment: very long shot, medium, over
the shoulder, medium close-up, medium long, and two shot. These strategies helped us convey a
sense of motion, continuity, and precision.
The following continuity rules are ones we've learned to apply: Match on action, 180 degree rule,
and reverse shot. These guidelines helped us to paint a more vivid picture of what actually
happened.
The speaker's expression is established by the shot's reverse shot during the discourse.
The audience's position within the scene was kept constant by applying the 180 degree rule.
To improve the sense of continuity, a match is utilized on the set.
For this assignment we have used iMovie as our editing software .
41. Import, chop, render, add transitions, and mark in and out are just a few of the
skills we learnt. We imported the video using these tools, organized it on the
timeline, removed any extraneous clips, and then added transitions to improve
the flow of the sequence. We would make certain changes if we were to carry
out this undertaking again. First, we would have included more character close-
up shots as the game was being played.
A upper view of the classroom and the hallway would have been our second
attempt. Finally, to improve the sense of continuity, we would have incorporated
more tracking shots of the characters moving down the hallway.
