creative nonfiction ppt

1. INTRODUCTION
TO LITERARY
GENRES
Creative Nonfiction

2. CREATIVE NONFICTION
Also sometimes called LITERARY
NONFICTION or NARRATIVE
NONFICTION.
A genre of writing that uses literary styles
and techniques to create factually accurate
narratives.
Contrasts with other nonfiction such as
technical writing or journalism.
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3. CATEGORIZI
NG
LITERATURE
GENRES
INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY
GENRES
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4. POETRY
 A type of literature based on the interplay of words and
rhythm.
 Words are strung together to form sounds, images and
ideas that might be too complex or abstract to describe
directly.
 Poetry can be loosely defines as written work whose
basic unit is the line.
 In comparison to prose, poetry is often written in
elevated language.

5. PROSE
A broader term that includes both drama
and non-fiction.
Any kind of written text that isn’t poetry.
It is written in complete sentences and
organized in paragraphs.
Tends to focus on plot and characters.

6. DRAMA
Any text meant to be
performed rather than be
read.
These are usually called
PLAYS.

7. NON-FICTION
 A type of prose that includes many different sub-
genres.
 It can be creative such as the personal essay or
factual such as the scientific paper.
 Sometimes, the purpose of non-fiction is to tell a
story like autobiography, but not most of the time
the purpose is to pass on information and educate
the reader about certain facts, ideas and issues.

8. MEDIA
 A distinct genre for it encompasses many new
and important kinds of texts in our present
society.
 The newest type of literature.
 Any work that doesn’t exist primarily as a written
text, it relies on recently developed technologies.
 This can serve a wide variety of purposes, it can
educate, entertain, advertise and persuade.

9. OTHER TYPES OF
LITERATURE
ORAL LITERATURE
usually taught in the form of
epic poems. Plays or folktales
They are short stories meant to
pass on a particular lesson or
moral.

10. OTHER TYPES OF
LITERATURE
GRAPHIC NOVELS & COMIC
BOOKS
Seen in the past as the lowest form of
literature which are not suitable or
valuable for children.

11. ELEMENTS OF
THE
DIFFERENT
GENRES
INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY
GENRES
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12. GENRE
A type of art, literature, or
music characterized by a
specific form, content, and
style.

13. CHARACTER
A person, or sometimes
even an animal, who takes
part in the action of a short
story or other literary work.

14. PROTAGONIST
 the main character of your story.
Often they’ll be the hero, but not
always—antiheroes and
complex morally grey leads
make for interesting plots, too.
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15. ANTIHERO
a central character in a story,
movie, or drama
who lacks conventional heroic
attributes.
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16. ANTAGONIST
the person standing in the way of your
protagonist’s goal. These two central characters
have opposing desires, and it’s the conflict born
out of that opposition that drives the events of
the plot. Sometimes an antagonist will be a
villain bent on world destruction, and sometimes
it’ll be an average person who simply sees the
world in a different way.
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17. SUPPORTING CHARACTERS
This is where you get to have fun with
other characters like friends, love
interests, family dynamics, and a whole
range of character archetypes that bring
your story to life.
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18. FOIL CHARACTERS
refers to two characters who may or
may not be at odds with each other but
are opposite in every way.
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19. SETTING
The time and place
in which it happens.

20. PLOT
Series of events and
character actions that
relate to the central
conflict.

21. THEME
The CENTRAL IDEA or
belief in a short story.
The central axis of every
literary work.

22. POINT-OF-VIEW
The narrator’s position in relation to a
story being told.
One of the most important choices a
writer makes when beginning a new
work of fiction.

23. STYLE
An element of a genre is like
a unique fingerprint, because
it bears no resemblance.

24. LITERARY
DEVICES
The true tools of the writer.
Includes symbolism, humor,
figurative languages and
figures of speech.

25. TECHNIQUES
& THEMES
INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY
GENRES
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26. NARRATIVES
works that provide an
account of connected events.
Narratives are also found in
cinema, music, and theatre.

27. TECHNIQUES & THEMES
1. Common techniques relevant to style or the language
chosen to tell a story include metaphors, similes,
personification, imagery, hyperbole, and alliteration.
2. Common techniques relevant to plot which is the
sequence of events that make up a narrative include
backstory, flashback, flash-forward, and foreshadowing.
3. Common techniques relevant to narrative perspective or
who is telling the story include first person, second
person, third person, and third-person omniscient.
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28. LITERARY
ELEMENTS AND
THEIR EXAMPLES
Creative Nonfiction

29. LITERARY ELEMENTS
 refer to identifiable characteristics of a whole text.
 They are not “used”, per se, by authors; they
represent the elements of storytelling which are
common to all literary and narrative forms.
 In order to be discussed legitimately as part of a
textual analysis, literary elements must be
specifically identified for that text.
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30. FIGURES OF SPEECH
(FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE)
 creates figures or pictures in the mind of the
reader or listener.
 These pictures help convey the meaning faster
and more vividly than words alone.
 We use figures of speech in “figurative language”
to add color and interest and to awaken the
imagination.
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31. LITERARY ELEMENTS &
THEIR EXAMPLES
CHARACTER
 takes part in the action of a literary work. It could act as
an antagonist who conflicts with the main character in the
story the protagonist.
 Example: Romeo and Juliet are the protagonists. Their
conflict is with their parents especially Juliet whose
parents wish her to marry someone else.
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32. LITERARY ELEMENTS &
THEIR EXAMPLES
SETTINGS
 the time and place in which it happens. A strong
sense of setting makes use of descriptions of
landscape, scenery, buildings, seasons or weather.
 Example: Romeo and Juliet is set in Verona, Italy.
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33. LITERARY ELEMENTS &
THEIR EXAMPLES
PLOT
 "what happens" in the story.
 series of events and character actions that relate to the
central conflict.
 a struggle between Internal and External characters. The
main character is usually on one side of the central
conflict. It may struggle against itself or it may struggle
against another important character, nature and society.
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34. KEY POINTS OF A PLOT
BEGINNING (EXPOSITION)
 characters and problems are introduced to the
reader.
 Example: Romeo and Juliet's families are
enemies, but Romeo and Juliet meet at a party
and like each other.
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35. KEY POINTS OF A PLOT
RISING ACTION
 where the problem and characters are developed through a
series of actions that leads to the climax.
 Example: Romeo visits Juliet on a balcony one night, and then
she sends a message to him through her nurse. They meet and
secretly wed without their families' knowledge. Romeo kills
Juliet's cousin Tybalt, and he is exiled. Juliet's father orders her to
marry someone else. Juliet fakes her death, sending a message
to Romeo to let him know, but he hears of her death and doesn't
get the message.
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36. KEY POINTS OF A PLOT
CLIMAX
 where the problem or conflict is resolved. It is often called
the "turning point" in a story.
 Romeo kills himself, and Juliet wakes from her sleep,
sees him, and kills herself.
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37. KEY POINTS OF A PLOT
FALLING ACTION (DENOUMENT)
 where the reader learns what happens as a result
of the climax. It is the way in which the problem
was solved.
 Example: The two families mourn Romeo and
Juliet.
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38. KEY POINTS OF A PLOT
RESOLUTION
 where the entire plot is wrapped up and there is a
sense of closure for the reader.
 Example: Romeo and Juliet's deaths have ended
their families' feud and there is peace in Verona.
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39. SAMPLE PLOT DIAGRAM
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40. COMMON TECHNIQUES RELEVANT TO
PLOT
BACKSTORY
 reveals important information about the main characters and helps
depict a fully realized story world. A character's backstory
comprises all the data of his history, revealing how he became who
he is, and why he acts as he does and thinks as he thinks. It
includes the events that directly lead to the story and its story form.
 Example: Bob's backstory involved the loss of a child pet that
made him hypersensitive to having children, pets, or any other
form of personal responsibility.
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41. COMMON TECHNIQUES RELEVANT TO
PLOT
FLASHBACK
 when the current plot is interrupted so that a scene which
previously occurred can be shared with the reader. This scene
occurred prior to the opening scene to help give the reader
information about characters or events so that they can be better
understood. Its primary purpose is to bridge time, place and action
to reveal a past emotional event or physical conflict that affects the
character.
 Example: A story begins with a scene of a desolate, destroyed
town, then flashes back to a time when the town was full of life and
people.
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42. COMMON TECHNIQUES RELEVANT TO
PLOT
FLASH-FORWARD
 used to represent events expected, projected, or imagined to occur
in the future. They may also reveal significant parts of the story
that have not yet occurred, but soon will in greater detail. Flash-
forward adds a creative and atypical element to a traditional
storyline by showing what is to come.
 Example: She woke up to the sound of the ambulance. Her head
was throbbing, and her face was resting in a warm, sticky pool.
The touched her forehead and brought her fingers in front of her
eyes. ‘Blood,’ she thought to herself.
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43. COMMON TECHNIQUES RELEVANT TO
PLOT
FORESHADOWING
 a literary device in which a writer gives an advance hint of
what is to come later in the story. Foreshadowing often
appears at the beginning of a story or a chapter and it
helps the reader develop expectations about the upcoming
events.
 Example: Tybalt draws his sword at the Montagues and
declares his hatred for them. This foreshadows his duel
with Romeo which ends tragically.
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44. COMMON TECHNIQUES RELEVANT TO
PLOT
THEME
the central idea, belief or an underlying
meaning in a short story. It should be stated in
a complete sentence.
Example: Romeo and Juliet is not just about
"love," but you could state the theme as "Love
overcomes hate."
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45. COMMON TECHNIQUES RELEVANT TO
PLOT
POINT-OF-VIEW
 the narrator's position in relation to a story being
told. It is important in a story because it helps the
reader understand characters' feelings and actions.
Each character will have his or her own perspective,
so whoever is telling the story will impact the
reader's opinion of other characters and events.
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46. COMMON TECHNIQUES RELEVANT TO
POV
1ST PERSON POV
when “I” is the main character telling the story,
relating his or her experiences directly.
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47. COMMON TECHNIQUES RELEVANT TO
POV
2ND PERSON POV
the narrator is relating the experiences of
another character called “you.” Thus, you
become the main character, you carry the
plot, and your fate determines the story.
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48. COMMON TECHNIQUES RELEVANT TO
POV
3RD PERSON POV LIMITED
is about “he” or “she.” The narrator is
outside of the story and is relating the
experiences of a character.
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49. COMMON TECHNIQUES RELEVANT TO
POV
3RD PERSON POV OMNISCIENT
still about “he” or “she,” but the narrator has
full access to the thoughts and experiences
of all characters in the story.
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