2. Permanent Tissue
Perform specific functions.
No ability to divide.
Has permanent shape, size and function.
Differentiation is a process by which cells formed by
meristematic tissue become a permanent tissue.
Differentiated cells are called Derivatives.
4. Permanent Tissue types:
A. Simple Permanent Tissue
Tissues which are made up of similar type of cells.
B. Complex permanent Tissue
Tissues made up of many cells.
7. Types
a. Chlorenchyma
Parenchyma with chlorophyll
Tissue which contains chlorophyll pigment.
Helps in photosynthesis.
b. Aerenchyma
Parenchyma with air cavities in aquatic plants.
Helps in floating.
9. 2. Collenchyma
Characteristics
Tissue responsible for
flexibility in plants.
Supporting and strengthening tissue.
Irregularly thickened at corners,
thickened by pectin.
Less intercellular spaces.
10. Where are they found?
Leaf stalks below epidermis.
Expanded leaves.
Stem apex
Function
Allows bending of stems, leaves without
breaking.
Provide mechanical support.
11. 3. Sclerenchyma
Tissue responsible for stiffness in plants.
Long, narrow and dead cells.
Thickened cell walls made of cellulose
impregnated with lignin.
Simple pits are present in thickened cell walls.
No intercellular spaces.
Characteristics
12. 2 types of sclerenchyma cells.
Sclereids
Fibres
Where are they found?
Hard covering of seeds and nuts.
Veins of leaves
Stem around vascular bundles.
14. PARENCHYMA COLLENCHYMA SCLERENCHYMA
Cells Living Living Dead on maturity
Intercellular space Large Less Absent
Cell wall Thin Irregularly thickened
at corners
Thickened with pectin
Thickened with lignin
Function Packing tissue
Photosynthesis
in leaves
Storage of food
and nutrients
Flexibility Stiffness
Support and protection