The document discusses the Internet of Everything (IoE), which intelligently connects people, processes, data, and things. It describes the evolution of IoE from IoT, outlines its key features and four pillars of people, processes, data, and things. Examples of IoE applications in healthcare, education, transportation, artificial intelligence, and customer experience are provided. The future of IoE is predicted to include more data collection and analysis through IoT devices to improve various domains like transportation, business, and public services through real-time insights.
1. Internet of Everything (IoE)
Dr. Lavanya Sharma
AIIT, Amity University, Noida,
Uttarprdesh
Email id : shm.lavanya@gmail.com
2. Outline
• Introduction
• Evolution of Internet of things (IoE)
• Features of IoE
• Pillars of IoE
• Internet of Things and the Internet of Everything
• Similarities between IoT & IoE
• Framework: Securing IoE
• Application of IoE
• Future of IoE
3. Internet of Everything (IOE)
• IoE is the intelligent connection of people, process, data and things.
• It describes a world where billions of objects have sensors to detect
measure and assess their status; all connected over public or
private networks using standard and proprietary protocols.
• It is based on the idea that in the future, internet connections will not
be restricted to laptop or desktop computers
• A handful of tablets, as in previous decades. Instead, machines will
generally become smarter by having more access to data and
expanded networking opportunities.
4. Cont..
• Major applications range from digital sensor tools/interfaces
used for remote appliances to smarter and more well-
connected mobile devices, industrial machine learning systems
and other types of distributed hardware that have recently
become more intelligent and automated.
• A concept that extends the Internet of Things (IoT) emphasis
on machine-to-machine (M2M) communications to describe a
more complex system that also encompasses people and
processes.
7. Internet & Evolution of IoE
Fig.3. Evolution of Internet to Internet of Everything (IoE)
8. Features of IoE
Main features of IoE fall under two main categories:
• Input: Allows analog or external data to be put into a piece of
hardware
• Output: Allows a piece of hardware to be put back into the
internet
9. Cont…
• Decentralization and moving to the edge — data is processed
not in a single center, but in numerous distributed nodes
• Data input and output — external data can be put into
devices and given back to other components of the network
• Relation to every technology in the process of digital
transformation — cloud computing, fog computing, AI, ML,
IoT, Big Data, etc. Actually, a rise in Big Data and the IoE
technology development are interconnected
10. Four Pillars of IoE
• “Internet of Everything” has four important pillars:
• people
• process
• data and
• things
11. Cont..
• People: Connecting people in more relevant, valuable ways.
– People provide their personal insights via websites, applications or
connected devices they use (such as social networks, healthcare
sensors and fitness trackers);
– AI algorithms and other smart technologies analyze this data to
“understand” human issues and deliver relevant content according to
their personal or business needs that helps them quickly solve issues
or make decisions.
12. Cont..
• Data: Converting data into intelligence to make better
decisions.
– The raw data generated by devices has no value. But once it is
summarized, classified and analyzed, it turns into priceless information
that can control various systems and empower intelligent solutions.
13. Cont..
• Process: Delivering the right information to the right person
(or machine) at the right time.
– Different processes based on artificial intelligence, machine learning,
social networks or other technologies ensure that the right
information is sent to the right person at the right time.
– The goal of processes is to guarantee the best possible usage of Big
Data.
14. Cont..
• Things: Physical devices and objects connected to the Internet
and each other for intelligent decision making; often called
Internet of Things (IoT).
– Various physical items embedded with sensors and actuators generate
data on their status and send it to the needed destination across the
network.
15. Internet of Things and the Internet of
Everything
The core difference between IoE and IoT is the number of pillars
for these concepts:
• IoT focuses on physical objects only.
• IoE encompasses four components (things, processes, data
and people)
• The IoT, in essence, is the interconnectivity of physical objects
that send and receive data,
• IoE is a wider term that includes, apart from IoT, numerous
technologies and people as the end-nodes.
17. Similarities between IoT & IoE
• Decentralization — both systems are distributed and don’t
have a single center; each node works as a small management
center and is able to perform certain tasks independently
• Security issues — distributed systems are still highly
vulnerable to penetration and cyber attacks; the more devices
are connected to the network, the higher the susceptibility to
breaches
19. Framework: Securing IoE
framework is comprised of three generalized components:
• Authentication
• Authorization and Access Control
• Network Enforced Policy
• a fourth, Secure Intelligence Operations including Visibility and Control that
Surround all three components
Fig. 6 Securing IoE framework
21. IoE : Healthcare
• It explores new dimensions of patient care through real-time
health monitoring and access to patients' health data.
• This data is a goldmine for healthcare stakeholders to improve
patient's health and experiences while making revenue
opportunities and improving healthcare operations.
• Simultaneous reporting and monitoring: Real-time monitoring
via connected devices can save lives in event of a medical
emergency like heart failure, diabetes, asthma attacks, etc.
• End-to-end connectivity and affordability: It enables
interoperability, machine-to-machine communication,
information exchange, and data movement that makes
healthcare service delivery effective.
22. Cont…
• Data assortment and analysis: Vast amount of data that a
healthcare device sends in a very short time owing to their real-
time application is hard to store and manage if the access to cloud
is unavailable. IoT devices can collect, report and analyses the data
in real-time and cut the need to store the raw data.
• Tracking and alerts: On-time alert is critical in event of life-
threatening circumstances. Medical IoT devices gather vital data
and transfer that data to doctors for real-time tracking, while
dropping notifications to people about critical parts via mobile apps
and other linked devices.
• Research: IoT for healthcare can also be used for research purposes.
It’s because IoT enables us to collect a massive amount of data
about the patient’s illness which would have taken many years if we
collected it manually. This data thus collected can be used for
statistical study that would support the medical research.
23. IoE:Education
• Global networking among students and educators: Students can now
interact with peers, mentors and educators worldwide using connected
devices such as digital highlighters and interactive boards, while sitting in
the comfort of their home or classroom.
• Enhancement of textbooks: Quick Response (QR) codes have made their
way into the school textbooks. Feedback, assignments and additional
knowledge resources become easily available to students when they scan
the QR codes with their smartphones.
• Easier data collection and analysis: Students now use Radio-frequency
identification (RFID) chips to tag and track physical objects or even birds
and animals round the clock, irrespective of the weather or other
conditions and schools have started to initiate automatic data analysis
using applications based on the cloud.
• Higher collaboration in group projects: Educational institutions promote a
collaborative environment with the help of the Internet of Things. While
working in groups, students are encouraged to transmit their data to a
collaborative work area by simply scanning an RFID tag or a QR code, using
their smartphones.
24. Cont…
• Greater safety in campuses: Digitised identity cards and wristbands
are used to track visitors, staff and students. Data on the last-known
locations are stored on a server which ensures that every area on
campus is accessed only by the right people.
• The cards and wristbands also act as digital wallets and enable
cashless payments. School buses are also enabled with GPs
tracking, which makes the journey to and from school safer and lets
parents know their child's whereabouts.
• More efficient school management: It allows them to automate
tasks that would require considerable time and effort when
performed manually.
– For example, connected devices can detect students' presence in the school
and eliminate the need for taking attendance manually and submitting the
information at a central office. Similarly, RFID technology is used to track
school resources such as projectors and lab equipment. The Internet of Things
also helps reduce energy costs by monitoring energy usage.
25. IoE : Transportation
• IoT allows us to better observe and analyze the flow of traffic through
devices at all traffic observation points.
• It also aids in parking by making storage flow transparent when current
methods offer little if any data.
• Construction sites, poor rerouting, and a lack of information about traffic
status are all issues that lead to incidents. IoT provides solutions in the
form of better information sharing with the public, and between various
parties directly affecting road traffic.
• The warehouse and/or yard are at the core of transportation and logistics
businesses. With IoT-enabled mobile devices designed to track inventory
data, equipment and vehicles, enterprises can give their physical assets a
digital voice.
• By converting the physical to digital, transportation and logistics
warehouses can capture and share their mission-critical data across the
cloud, ensuring they have the right products in the right place at the right
time.
26. IoE: Artificial Intelligence
• When the data collected from the Internet of Things is
analysed using Artificial Intelligence, app developers and
companies can make informed decisions by the identification
and understanding of patterns in the analysed data.
• This entails various benefits, both for consumers and app
developers. It allows app developers to find solutions to IoT
products and innovations in the IT industry.
27. AI and IoT data analysis: There are four types of Internet Data Analysis of Things that
can be useful for AI:
• Streaming data visualization – Treat streaming data immediately by defining,
discovering and displaying data in intelligent ways to facilitate the decision-making
process to take place without delays.
• Accuracy of time series of data – Maintain a high level of confidence in the data
collected with high accuracy and integrity of the data.
• Predictive and advanced analysis – Very important step in which decisions can be
made based on the data collected, discovered and analysed.
• Geospatial and real-time location (logistic data): Maintain a calm and controlled
flow of data.
AI in Internet of Things applications: Visual macro data, for example, will allow
computers to gain a deeper understanding of images on the screen with new AI
applications that understand the context of images.
• Cognitive systems that will create new recipes that will attract the user’s sense of
taste, creating menus optimised for each person and adapting automatically to
local ingredients.
• Newer sensors will allow computers to “listen”, collecting information in audio
format about the user’s environment. Preventive and predictive maintenance:
Save millions of companies before a breakdown or leak by predicting and
preventing places and the time when these situations could take place.
28. IoE: Customer Experience
• Monitor and improve experiences with company offerings :Customers
increasingly expect that their IoT devices will connect with pertinent locations and
customer support, the report noted.
• Personalize each situation for the customer: Customers expect their IoT devices to
adjust and refine services and capabilities based on real-world context, the report
said. For example, "Schneider Electric's smart commercial electrical panels monitor
energy use and problems and deliver custom notifications to customers and
service techs based on their business' needs
• Automatically improve and learn over time via updates to products and services:
Businesses are gathering IoT data from their products to analyze customer
experiences and learn to improve, the report said. "Companies like Tesla are also
delivering entirely new features, such as Tesla Autopilot, to existing products by
adding software that uses IoT sensors and control in new ways," the report said.
• Reinvent product access and purchase: Firms are also using IoT to create new
products and service offerings. For example, "Kaeser Kompressoren has added a
compressed-air-as-a-service option to its industrial air compressor lineup for
customers who would rather pay per use than own or lease," the report said.
"Chinese startup Mobike offers dockless bike sharing for consumers to find and
ride bikes within their service zone."
29. Fig.6. IoE in AI
Fig.8. IoE in roadmap
Fig.9. IoE in Healthcare
Fig.7. IoE in Transportation
37. References
• Internet of things : Available at:
https://www.slideshare.net/CiscoIBSG/internet-of-everything (accessed
on 10-august -2019)
• Internet of things : Available at: https://blogs.cisco.com/digital/beyond-
things-the-internet-of-everything-takes-connections-to-the-power-of-four
(accessed on 10-august -2019)
• Internet of things : Available at: https://www.i-scoop.eu/internet-of-
things-guide/internet-of-everything/
• Internet of things : Available at: https://www.sam-
solutions.com/blog/what-is-internet-of-everything-ioe/ (accessed on 10-
august -2019)
