2. 2
1.What is Hosting?
2.Types of hosting
3.Your Hosting Checklist
4.Service Level Agreement (SLA)
Agenda: What we will cover
3. 3
What is Internet Hosting Service?
Three fundamental preconditions to get your website on the
Internet:
•Domain Name
•Web Site platform
•Hosting (server + Internet connection + dedicated IP address)
Internet Hosting - service that connects servers to the Internet and
thus enabling organizations and individuals to serve their content
and/or services to the Internet.
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Hosting Services types
1. Application-specific hosting
File hosting service (e.g. personal file storage,
software file hosting, content caching - CDN)
E-mail hosting (operates email servers only)
DNS hosting (optimal for providers with multiple
servers in various geographic locations: that provide security
and minimize latency)
Game servers (multiplayer video games)
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Hosting Services types
2. Full-featured Hosting Services
Dedicated hosting
Hosting provider owns and manages the servers, leasing full control to the
client
Virtual private server
Virtualization technology is employed in order to allow multiple logical servers
to run on a single physical server
Co-location
Provides just connection, uninterruptible power and climate control, but let
the client do his own system administration
Cloud hosting
Employs a virtualised network of servers in the cloud which can be used to
host
Complex Managed Hosting
A hybrid solution - combination of physical and virtual servers
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Web Hosting Services include:
Free Web Hosting
Shared Hosting
Reseller Web hosting
Cloud Hosting
Virtual Dedicated Server (VPS)
Clustered Hosting
Dedicated Hosting
Co-located Hosting
Managed Service Providers
Grid Hosting
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What hosting suits best to your needs?
Virtual Private Server (VPS)
• divides resources into virtual servers, where
resources can be allocated in a way that does not
directly reflect the underlying hardware
• much more control and performance than a Shared
Hosting (full administrator control – root access)
• you are responsible for patching and maintaining the
server
• supports all the features of dedicated hosting at lower
cost
• it is only virtually dedicated - each user does share
the server resources with a number of other customers
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What hosting suits best to your needs?
Dedicated Hosting
• renting of entire server - not shared with anyone
• best suited for large web sites with high traffic, and
unlimited software solution
• usually self-managed (you are responsible for the
security and maintenance of his own dedicated server)
- requires higher skills and technical support from your
part
• if you do not want to make an investment required to
own and operate a server – a very affordable
solution
• usually expensive hosting option compared to others
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What hosting suits best to your needs?
Co-located Hosting
• you place your own server on the premises (locations) of a
service provider
• the co-location provider may provide little to no support
directly, providing only the electrical, Internet access,
and storage facilities for the server
• your administrator must visit the data center on site to
do any hardware upgrades or changes
• most hosts now require rack mount enclosures and standard
system configurations
• protection with redundant air condition, fire suppression
systems, uninterrupted power supply (served by a
dedicated diesel generators)
• Internet connectivity is fault-tolerant including redundant
router structure that offers fail-over/fail-back procedures
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What hosting suits best to your needs?
Managed Hosting
• you typically do not own the server – it is leased to
you (as dedicated hosting) without full control over
it (root access is denied)
• the user is disallowed full control and the provider
can guarantee quality of service by not allowing the
user to modify the server or potentially create
configuration problems
• maintenance typically includes services such as server
uptime monitoring, a hardware warranty and security
patch updates.
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What hosting suits best to your needs?
Cloud Hosting
• a new type of decentralized hosting
• provides a scalable hosting based on clustered load-
balanced servers and utility billing
• cloud hosted website is more reliable since other
computers in the cloud can compensate when a single
piece of hardware goes down
• cloud hosting also allows providers to charge users
only for resources consumed by the user, rather
than a flat fee for the amount the user expects they will
use, or a fixed cost upfront hardware investment
• Data-protection policy issues
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What hosting suits best to your needs?
Clustered hosting
• clustered hosting “virtualizes” the resources beyond the limits
of one physical server, and as a result, a website is not
limited to one server
• a perfect solution for high-availability dedicated hosting,
or creating a scalable web hosting solution
• multiple tiers of security protections, including intelligent
routing, redundant switching fabric, and built in firewall and
proxy technology, are integrated into the clustered
hosting platform
Grid hosting
• servers connected in a grid topology, each node in the
network is connected with two neighbors along one or more
dimensions
• grid hosting is when a server cluster acts like a grid and is
composed of multiple nodes
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What are your requirements?
Monthly budget
Existing monthly traffic
Technology requirements
(programming language, server architecture, custom requirements)
Technical ability
(control panel, command line, monitoring, support)
Location
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Hosting Evaluation Criteria
Price
Setup fee (one-time, nonrecurring fee)
Monthly fee (recurring)
Monthly data transfer cap (maximum)
Length of Commitment
Customer Service
Support – Response time/Resolution time
Email, phone, IM, ticketing system
Business hours, non-business hours, 24/7
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Hosting Evaluation Criteria
What features/add-ons should a good web
host provide?
Features (unlimited disk space, and bandwidth, uptime
guarantee, multiple domains, traffic stats, ...)
Scripts (CGI/Perl Support, MySQL Databases, PHP Support,
Javascript, Flash/Shockwave, Real Audio/Video, SSL Support, ...)
Advanced Scripts (Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, Ruby on Rails,
PHPMyAdmin, ...)
Customer Support (Toll-Free, 24/7 Live Chat, Email Support,
Rosponse Time, ...)
Datacenter (Server Backups, Load-Balancing, 24/7 Monitoring,
Redundant Power, Redundant Connection, ...)
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Network performance metrics
Bandwidth - the amount of data that can be transmitted at a
given moment to a server (the higher your bandwidth, the larger
amount of traffic your site can handle at one time)
Throughput - the average rate of successful message delivery
over a communication channel
Latency - the delay between the sender and the receiver decoding
it, this is mainly a function of packets travel time, and processing
time at any nodes the information traverses (e.g. geographical
latency)
Jitter - the variation in the time between packets arriving, caused
by network congestion, timing drift, or route changes
Error rate - the number of corrupted bits expressed as a
percentage or fraction of the total sent
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Evaluating hosting: Common metrics
SLA (Service Level Agreement) - a contractual
agreement on the level of service to be provided by a service
provider to you, as a customer. It should include:
Performance levels and exceptions (such as uptime percentage
guarantees, which allow tiny percentages of downtime)
How you will be compensated if the uptime guarantee is not
achieved
Types of support available for clients/included in price
Conflict resolution (whether arbitration will initially be used in lieu
of court battles, etc.)
How services are ended/what’s required to cancel service
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Evaluating hosting: Reliability
guaranteed server uptime (the time when it is functional)
Source: Wikipedia
Availability %
Downtime per
year
Downtime per
month (30 days)
Downtime per
week
90% 36.5 days 72 hours 16.8 hours
95% 18.25 days 36 hours 8.4 hours
97% 10.96 days 21.6 hours 5.04 hours
98% 7.30 days 14.4 hours 3.36 hours
99% 3.65 days 7.20 hours 1.68 hours
99.5% 1.83 days 3.60 hours 50.4 minutes
99.8% 17.52 hours 86.23 minutes 20.16 minutes
99.9% 8.76 hours 43.2 minutes 10.1 minutes
99.95% 4.38 hours 21.56 minutes 5.04 minutes
99.99% 52.56 minutes 4.32 minutes 1.01 minutes
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Hosting Evaluation Criteria
Electric power - data centre typically has a battery room that
can provide only a few minutes of reserve power before it switches
over to diesel generators
Is the data centre infrastructure scalable?
Assessing your immediate needs (a staged approach - by
migrating a few servers or applications to start, your company
can better ensure that a hosted model will provide the
reliability, scalability and security it requires)
Future technology needs - Which options can the service
provider provide if you decide to upgrade? (e.g. cloud
services, security monitoring, etc.)
Capacity planning - what expansion plans does the service
provider have in place to address the future
space/performance requirements of its customers?
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Hosting Evaluation Criteria
Comprehensive security measures
physical security - 24/7 guard on site, data centre
location is not publicly advertised, controlled
entrance by swipe card/biometric capabilities, caged
server access by key and lock, secure geographic
location (i.e., not near train tracks or refineries)
network security - intrusion detection capability,
virtualized firewalls and load balancers, ability to
monitor lines for traffic , managed DDoS prevention
22. Useful Links
• Рейтинг и сравнение лучших
хостинг провайдеров России
http://so-hosting.info/rating_rus.html
• Обзоры и рейтинг лучших
хостинг провайдеров
Украины
http://
so-hosting.info/rating_ukr.html
• Сравнение тарифных планов
хостинг-провайдеров
http://www.hostworld.ru/rating.php
• Обзор и рейтинг хостинга в
России
http://blogibiznes.ru/kakoy-hosting-
luchshe-vyibrat-v-rossii.html
• Ranking of hosting providers
(based on price, reliability, plan
features, ease-of-use and support)
http://www.findmyhosting.com/
• 2013 Best Web Hosting
Comparisons
http://web-hosting-
review.toptenreviews.com/
• Web hosting review site
http://www.WebHostingGeeks.com
• Most Popular Hosting
Companies in Russia
http://myip.ms/view/best_hosting/RU
S/Best_Hosting_in_Russia.html
• Ukraine Web Hosting Guide
http://www.ukrainewebhosting.com/
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Used sources:
techtarget.com, mediawiki.org, wikibooks.org, wikipedia.org, dmoz.org, webopedia.com
