EDUCATION IN INDIA DURING VEDIC PERIOD,BRITISH PERIOD, MUSLIM PERIOD ABOUT THE SOURCES ,ADMINISTRATION AND MAIN FEATURES.

1. IMPACT OF
PRE-INDEPENDENT
PERIOD EDUCATION ON
INDIAN SOCIETY
By,
S.MAHA LAKSHMI
Roll No: 84
Subject: C2

2. INTRODUCTION
The history of education in the INDIAN SUBCONTINENT began with teaching of
traditional elements such as Indian religions ,Indian mathematics ,Indian logic at
early Hindu and Buddhist centers of learning such as Taxila and Nalanda before
the Islamic era.
Starting from the period of GURUKULA till the time of independence in India, the
entire education system has gone through the process of evolution and
revolution. Monastery, Gurukul and teachers house were traditional Hindu
residential schools of learning. Teachers were imparting education freely in
subjects like Astrology, history, Literature, Medicine, Philosophy, Religion,
Scripture, Statecraft, and Warfare and very often the system was within the
higher castes.

3. PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT OF INDIAN
EDUCATION
THE development of Indian Education can be divided under the following era,
 Vedic era (3000 B.C. to 500 B.C.)
 Buddhist era (500 B.C. to 1200 A.D.)
 Muslim era (1200 A.D. to 1700 A.D.)
 British era (The pre-independence era,1800 A.D. to 1947)
 Post-independence era (1947 to till date)

4. VEDIC ERA (3000 B.C. to 500 B.C.)

5. TRANSITION OF INDIAN EDUCATION IN
VEDIC ERA
 The system of education developed during Vedic period is termed as the
Vedic system of education.
 Education was under the individual control ‘GURUS’ and not on the state
control.
 Students ,of course used to pay GURU DAKSHINA to their teachers according
to their financial position.
 Sources of income of ‘Gurus’ were from donation, dana , guru dakshina .
 Students were taught Language, Grammar, Numerology, Agriculture, Cattle
rearing, Arts, Skills, Economics, Politics, Geology, Physiology, Snake science,
Logic, Astrology, Medical science, Exercise.

6. SOURCE OF THE VEDIC EDUCATION
The Vedic literature represents the most important and intrinsic part of life of
the India people. The Vedic literature consists of the following,
1. Four Vedas
2. Six Vedangas
3. Four Upvedas
4. Four Brahmanas
5. One hundred and eighty Upanishads
6. Six systems of philosophy
7. Bhagwad Gita
8. Three Smritis

7. AIMS, IDEALS AND OBJECTIVES OF VEDIC
EDUCATION
 Ultimate objective as moksha or self realization.
 Infusion of Piety and Religiousness.
 Education for Worldliness.
 Character formation.
 Inculcating religion.
 Development of knowledge.
 Preservation and Development of Culture.
 Moral and Character development.
 Acquaintance and Observation of Social and National duties.

8. METHOD OF INSTRUCTION:-
SRAVANA
• Is listening to words texts as they uttered by the
teacher.
MANANA
• Is the process of deliberation or reflection of the topic
taught.
NIDIDHYASANA
• Represents the highest stage

9. BUDDHIST ERA (500 B.C. to 1200 A.D.)

10. BUDDHISM
 Buddhism is a nontheistic , religion or philosophy.
 It encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely
based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha.
 Commonly known as Buddha.
 Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhartha, Gautama Shakyamuni.
 He was the founder of BUDDHISM.
 The word BUDDHA means “awakened one “ or “the enlightened one”.

11. TEACHINGS OF BUDDHA
FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS:
• Life is full of suffering.
• Cause of suffering .(Dukhasamaudaya)
• Cessation of suffering. (Dukhanirodha)
• Path to liberation.(Dukhanirodh-marg)

12. MAJOR TENETS OF BUDDHISM
• The teachings of Buddha was mainly Oral.
• Buddha’s philosophy are described as ‘TRIPITAKAS’-
i. Vinayapitaka- Rules of conduct
ii. Suttapitaka- Buddha’s Sermon
iii. Abhidhammapitaka -Exposition of philosophical theories.

13. CEREMONY
PABBAJA CEREMONY
 First ordination.
 It means going out of home in to
Buddhist order.
 At the age of 8 young disciple
move out of their homes to live
with their chosen guru known as
Bhikshu .
 Minimum period of studentship is
12 years similar to brahmin system.
UPASAMPADA CEREMONY
 Final ordination.
 After pabbaja a Buddhist monk
had to undergo upasampada
ceremony.
 Upasampada means full status of
manhood or bhikshu.
 This is performed at the age of 20
after the completion of education

14. EDUCATION AND METHOD OF TEACHING
DURING BUDDHIST PERIOD
EDUCATION
 Primary education.(6 years)
 Higher education.(12 years)
 Bhikshu education.(8 years)
METHOD OF TEACHING
 Verbal education.
 Discussion.
 Prominence of logic.
 Tours.
 Conference.
 Meditation.

15. MUSLIM ERA (1200 A.D. to 1700 A.D.)

16. ISLAMIC PERIOD
During medieval period Muslim rulers started a new system of education which is
popularly known as Maktab-Madarsha system Muslim system of education. Side by side
the old padasalai system also continued for Hindu students . The main aim of muslim
education was development of knowledge, spread of Islamic culture and Islamic
religion.
AIMS OF EDUCATION:
a) Islam has, from its inception, placed a high premium on education and rich
intellectual tradition.
b) Enabling the individual for Islamic life.
c) Acquiring knowledge in Islam.
d) Preparing the students for the next world.
e) Abode of performance and all educational points to the permanent world of
eternity.

17. EDUCATION AND METHOD OF TEACHING
DURING ISLAMIC PERIOD
EDUCATION
 Primary level
 Higher level.
CURRICULUM OF PRIMARY LEVEL
• Knowledge of alphabets.
• 30th section of Quaran, reading, writing,
mathematics, letter and application of
writing.
• Way of conversation and pronunciation.
CURRICULUM OF HIGHER LEVEL
• Wordly curriculum
• Religious curriculum.
METHOD OF TEACHING
• Primary level—Imitation, Practice, and
memorization.
• Higher level—Speech, Lecture and
explanation, Logic, Self study method.
• Demonstration , Experiment and practice
method.
TEACHERS
• Called USTAD.
• High Salary.
• High Status.

18. BRITISH ERA (1800 A.D. to 1947)

19. BRITISH SYSTEM OF EDUCATION
After the downfall of Muslim rule ,Britishers came to India and established the East Indian company. Britishers ruled
over India for about 150 years . During this period western science and literature made good progress through English
medium. However, the British period was a breakthrough in the development of education in India. The Modern system of
Education takes place with the effort of Britishers.
 In 1813, the British Government revised the Charter of East India Company and announced an Educational Policy
for Indian ,which is called as Charter Act 1813.
 East India company will be responsible for education of Indian and spend One Lac rupees on educations of Indians.
 English will be medium of instruction for Western Sciences.
MACAULAY MINUTES 1834
 English should be the medium of instruction at all levels of education in INDIA.
 European Literature should be taught at educational institutions,
 WOOD DESPATCH 1854
 HUNTER COMMISSION 1882.

20. CONCLUSION:
Our Nation will soon become the highest population of young
generation in the World. There are several committees, reports, acts happened
both in pre- and post-independence period. It could be summarized that the
various reports on education during British Period, despite the drawbacks and
criticisms , are included while drafting the educational policies, plans, and
frameworks after the independence till date. Thus, it can be clearly seen, the
advancements in EDUCATION brought by the British have actually led to the
Shaping of the current education system in place and also has helped the
approach and outlook of Indian over years.