Hello I am Maitri Singhai Student of Urban Planning this is my Presentation on the Demographic Indicators,I made in Sem 3 Under The subject Demography and Urbanization

1. DEMOGRAPHIC
INDICATORS
B Y M A I T R I S I N G H A I
5 0 0 0 5 4 6 6 9
PRESENTATION OF

2. W H AT I S
D E M O G R AP H Y
Demography is the scientific
study of human population
which includes the study of
changes in population sizes its
composition and distribution and
to study that we have various
indicator …
Demographic indicators has
been subdivided into two parts-
population Statistics and
Vital Statistics.

3. POPULATION SIZE AND DENSITY
• Population size is the actual number of individuals in a
population. Population density is a measurement of
population size per unit area, i.e., population size divided
by total land area.
HOW DO WE DETERMINE IT?
• Population size is determined by births, deaths,
immigration, emigration, and limiting factors (biotic and
abiotic) that determine carrying capacity.
• Population Density = Number of People/Land Area. The
unit of land area should be square miles or square
kilometre
Source : Registrar General of India or census data
WHAT IS POPULATION SIZE AND
DENSITY?

4. AGE AND SEX COMPOSITION ,SEX RATIO AND
AGE DEPENDENCY RATIO
• . Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population
• The distribution of the population by age groups and male and female and others
• The age-dependency ratio is the ratio of persons in the “dependent” ages (generally
under age 15 and over age 64) to those in the “economically productive” ages (15-64
years) in a population.

5. LIFE EXPECTANCY
Life expectancy or expectation of life at a given age, is
the number of years which a person of that age may
expect to live according to the mortality pattern
prevalent in the country.
IMPORTANCE OF IT
It is one of the best indicators of a country’s level of
development and of the overall health status of the
population.

6. BIRTH AND DEATH RATE
• The Birth rate is the total number of live births per 1,000 of a population in a year.
• Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths in a
particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time. Mortality
rate is typically expressed in units of deaths per 1,000 individuals per year;
• CALCULATIONS OF THESE
The rate of births and deaths in a population is calculated in several ways: live births
from a universal registration system for births, deaths, and marriages; population
counts from a census, and estimation through specialized demographic techniques.
The birth rate (along with mortality and migration rate) are used to calculate population
growth

7. TOTAL FERTILITY RATE
• The number of children that would be born per woman if she were to live to the end of
her child-bearing years and bear children at each age in accordance with prevailing
age-specific fertility rates.
If, on average, women give birth to 2.1 children and these
children survive to the age of 15, any given woman will have
replaced herself and her partner upon death. A TFR of 2.1 is
known as the replacement rate. Generally speaking, when the
TFR is greater than 2.1, the population in a given area will
increase, and when it is less than 2.1, the population in a
given area will eventually decrease, though it may take some
time because factors such as age structure, emigration, or
immigration must be considered.

8. NEED TO ANALYSE
• Many professions including but not limited to government, safety forces, realtors,
appraisers, financial institutions, food service, non-profit agencies, and retailers.
• Separate data for males and females and for ages are important in themselves, for the
analysis of other types of data, and for the evaluation of the completeness and
accuracy of the census counts of population.
• Breaking down population by age and sex enables researchers to analyse variations of
social phenomena by specific groups of population such as infants and children, youth,
adults, and the elderly
• Birth and death rate show the population growth

9. THANKYOU