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Université BENYOUCEF BENKHEDDA Alger 1
Faculté des Sciences
Département d'Architecture
1.Espace à l’intérieur d’un espace
Un grand espace peut
envelopper un autre plus petit
.
La continuité visuelles et
spatiale peut être facilement
perçue
2.Espaces encastrés (emboités)
Le chevauchement de deux
espaces engendre un 3ième
espace commun. Chaque
espace garde sa propre
identité, mais l’espace
d’intersection est sujet à
plusieurs interprétations
3.Espaces adjacents
La mitoyenneté est la
relation spatiale la plus
commune. Chaque espace
est clairement défini
4.Espaces reliés par espace commun
Deux espaces qui sont séparés
par une distance peuvent être
reliés par un troisième espace
intermédiaire. La relation
visuelle et spatiale dépend de la
nature de l’espace intermédiaire
Centrée: Un espace central et
dominant autours duquel sont
circonscrits des espaces
secondaires ex: le patio de la
maison de la casbah
La Basilique Saint Pierre de
Rome
Linéaire: séquence linéaire
d’espace d’importance
équivalente. L’adjacence est
favorisée dans les
interrelations spatiales
Radiale: C’est la combinaison
des deux organisations
précédentes: centralisée et
linéaire avec un centre
exagéré
Tramée: Obéissance à une
grille ou structure
bidimensionnelle ou
tridimensionnelle
La triangulation : Système d’axe générateur de la trame.
Source: Clark et Pause, 1985.
Groupée: Espaces rassemblés
par proximité ou partageant
des relations visuelles
Organisation spatiale libre:
Espace où les subdivisons entre
les divers domaines n’est
concrétisée que par des éléments
mobiles et légers
L’ accès au bâtiment
: de l’ extérieur vers
l’ intérieur
La configuration d’un
cheminement :
séquences spatiales
La relation
cheminement/
espace : obstacle,
noeuds……..
Les différente
forme de l’espace
de circulation
Comment
approcher le
bâtiment : vue à
distance
1. Approche, arrivée et abords
Approche
frontale
Approche
oblique
La maison de verre « glass
house »; New canaan,1949,
Philip Johnson
Approche
spirale
2. Entrée, l’accès au bâtiment : de l’ extérieur
vers l’ intérieur.
Accès
avancé
pour abri
Accès retiré pour abri
et intégration
d’espace extérieur
L’ entrée en
continuité de la
surface du mur
Sant'Andrea, Mantua
Accès large
centré et
retiré pour
abri.
East Building, National Gallery of Art
Entrée
basse
centrée et
Retirée pour
abri.
3. Les différentes configurations du
parcours/cheminement.
House in Old
Westbury
Old Westbury,
New York
1969 - 1971
Musée Solomon R. Guggenheim
Le site historique du pénitencier
de Eastern State, Philadelphie,
Pennsylvanie, États-Unis –
Criminocorpus
4. Les Relations espaces / parcours, espace /
circulation .
La circulation peut être reliée aux espaces qu’elle dessert par les
manières suivantes:
1. Longeant
les espaces.
Gerrit Rietveld, 1955
Sonsbeek pavilion,
2010 reconstruction
2. Passant à travers
les espaces.
3.Aboutissant à un
espace.
Dans ce cas la localisation de l’espace
ciblé déterminera la nature du
cheminement de ce fait, la relation
entre l’espace et le cheminement
est utilisée afin d’accéder à un espace
fonctionnellement ou
symboliquement important.
5. Formes spatiales de la circulation.
L’espace circulation peut-être:
Fermé
Ouvert d’un coté
Ouvert des deux cotés
4.La direction de la circulation
Initiation_a_lespace2_pour_les_etudiants (1).pdf
Initiation_a_lespace2_pour_les_etudiants (1).pdf
Initiation_a_lespace2_pour_les_etudiants (1).pdf
Initiation_a_lespace2_pour_les_etudiants (1).pdf
Initiation_a_lespace2_pour_les_etudiants (1).pdf
Initiation_a_lespace2_pour_les_etudiants (1).pdf

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Initiation_a_lespace2_pour_les_etudiants (1).pdf