Its a presentation on safety in nuclear power plant which helps u to present well during Seminars in college. I preferred other generals for this .

1. 2/05/2019 SEMINAR 1
NET’s
NAVODAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, RAICHUR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
A SEMINAR ON
SAFETY IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
Under the supervision of
Mr. Maheshwar S M
Assistant professor
Department of civil engineering
NIT-Raichur
Presented by
Mohammad Yaseen
3NA16CV427

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
 NUCLEAR WASTE
 SAFETY MEASURES IN NUCLEAR REACTOR
CONTROL
 BY PRODUCT OF NUCLEAR GENERATION
 APPLICATION OF NUCLEAR BYPRODUCTS
 CONCLUSIONS
 REFERENCES
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3. SAFETY IN NUCLEAR POWER
PLANT
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4. INTRODUCTION
Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS), Maharashtra was the
first nuclear power plant in India. TAPS is not only oldest and
but also largest nuclear power station in India.
FIG Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS)
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The plant construction was started in 1962 and completed in
1969. It is housed with boiling water reactors (BWRs), the first
in Asia

5. INTRODUCTION(CONTINUOUS)
 Thermal power station in which a nuclear reactor is used as heat
source instead of furnace.
 Nuclear Reactor-It is an apparatus in which heat is produced by
a sustained nuclear fission chain reaction.
 It differs from conventional power plant only in steam
generating part.
 India ranks 6th in nuclear power generation in the world with its
numerous nuclear power plants in operation.
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6. WORKING PRINCIPLE
 A nuclear power plant works in a similar way as a thermal power
plant. The difference between the two is in the fuel they use to
heat the water in the boiler(steam generator).
 Inside a nuclear power station, energy is released by nuclear
fission in the core of the reactor.
 1 kg of Uranium U235 can produce as much energy as the
burning of 4500 tones of high grade variety of coal or 2000 tones
of oil.
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7. ADVANTAGES
 Space required is less when compared with other power
plants.
 Nuclear power plant is the only source which can meet
the increasing demand of electricity at a reasonable cost.
 A nuclear power plant uses much less fuel than a fossil-
fuel plant.
1 metric tone of uranium fuel = 3 million metric tones of
coal = 12 million barrels of oil
DISADVANTAGES
 Radioactive wastes must be disposed carefully,
otherwise it will adversely affect the health of workers
and the environment as a whole.
 Maintenance cost of the plant is high.
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8. Nuclear waste
 They are highly radioactive
 Many of them have very long half-lives.
 Radioactive waste must be stored carefully.
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9. Types of Nuclear Waste
High-level radioactive waste (HLW)
 Used nuclear fuel
 Highly radioactive "Mixed waste” because hazardous chemicals
& radioactivity
 National risk because the waste could be extracted and used to
make nuclear weapons
 Embedded in concrete and stored deep underground for several
thousand years
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10. Types of Nuclear Waste(CONTINUE)
Low level radioactive waste (LLW)
 It Is obtained from Cooling water pipes, radiation Suits, etc.
 Stored in storage facilities
 Radioactivity will fall to a safe level after 10 to 50 years.
 90% of nuclear waste is LLW not HLW
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11. SAFETY MEASURES IN NUCLEAR
REACTOR CONTROL
 A nuclear power plant should be constructed away from
human habitation ( exclusion zone of 160km radius)
 The materials used for construction should be of required
standards.
 Waste water should be purified.
 Should have a proper safety system, plant could be shut
down when it is not required.
 Regular periodic checks to be performed
 While disposing off the wastes it should be ensured that it
doesn’t contaminate the river or sea.
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12. SAFETY MEASURES IN NUCLEAR
REACTOR CONTROL(CONTINUE)
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13. 2/05/2019 SEMINAR 13
SAFETY MEASURES IN NUCLEAR
REACTOR
CONTROL(CONTINUE)
 Waste Disposal: The most challenging task is the proper disposal
of waste materials from the nuclear power plant.
 These waste materials come in different forms such as solid,
liquid and gaseous. All these types of wastes have their own
methods of disposal .
 The radioactive liquid wastes generated are segregated and
filtered as per procedure and after adequate dilution disposed to
the environment water body.
 The radioactive solid wastes are disposed off in earthen
trenches, Re-enforced cement concrete (RCC) vaults or tile
holes, depending on the radioactivity content and the radiation
levels.

14. SAFETY MEASURES IN NUCLEAR
REACTOR CONTROL(CONTINUE)
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15. SAFETY MEASURES IN NUCLEAR
REACTOR CONTROL(CONTINUE)
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16. SAFETY MEASURES IN NUCLEAR
REACTOR CONTROL(CONTINUE)
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17. BY PRODUCT OF NUCLEAR
GENERATION
 The Nuclear plants supply many by-products like isotopes which
have many useful applications in our day-to-day life.
 The radioactive isotopes are widely used in Biology, Medicine,
Agriculture and Industries.
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18. Application of Nuclear Byproducts
Industrial Applications :
(1) Position location : Buried pipelines can be traced by using
portable Geiger Counters.
(2) Flow patterns : in pipes can be detected by injecting
radioactive isotopes into the flow. The radiation will be different
for laminar and turbulent flows.
(3) Leakage detection : can be done by injecting isotopes into
fluid in pipes. The reactivity will be different at leakage points.
(4) Radiography (Flaw detection): X-rays, which are having a
high penetrating power are made to pass through castings, welds
etc.
(5) Application in chemistry : Substances deteriorate when
exposed to radiation and the destroyed molecules are rejoined
(6) Direct electrical power generation: can be done in devices
called atomic battery.
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19. 2/05/2019 SEMINAR 19
Conclusions
 The benefits resulting from the nuclear reactors truly justify the
reasons of its scope of development in future.
 If the above mentioned dictums should be followed properly, it
would ensure that the tremendous energy which lies in the atom
is harnessed in a proper manner without causing damage to men,
material, or environment .

20. REFERENCES
1. Michael I Ojovan,William E Lee (An Introduction to Nuclear
waste Immobilisation) Third Edition
2. Holt , M. (2006, March 15). Nuclear Energy Policy. Research
Service.
3. World Nuclear Association. (2014, February).
4. Nuclear Energy Institute (2011) . World statistics . Retrieved
from :
www.nei,org/resourcesandstats/nuclearstatics/worldstatics.
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21. THANK YOU
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