3. What is waste water?
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Domestic effluent consisting of blackwater and graywater.
Water from commercial establishments and institutions,
including hospitals.
Industrial effluent, stormwater and other urban run-off.
Agricultural,horticultural and aquaculture effluent, either
dissolved or as suspended matter.
4. Main objective
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To manage water discharged
from homes, businesses, and
industries to reduce the threat of
water pollution.
5. Components present in waste
water
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Hardness
Alkalinity
COD
BOD
Inorganic material
6. Impacts
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Water pollution
Loss of blue carbon sink
Ecological Imbalance
Biodiversity
Loss of fisheries livelihood
Climate change
9. Singapore: Water Treatment &
Wastewater Recycling Systems
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The Public Utilities Board (PUB), Singapore’s
national water authority, has outsourced some
$3.0 billion worth of water infrastructure
projects
* Deep Tunnel
* Sewerage System
* Marina Barrage
* desalination
10. Treatment techniques
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AOP or APOP
Advanced OxydationProcess
Sewage system
To treat sewage water
Technical method
To treat large mass of water
18. Process
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Water discharged from homes, businesses, and
industry enters sanitary sewers
Water from rainwater on streets enters storm water
sewers
Combined sewers carry both sanitary wastes and
storm water
Water moves toward the wastewater plant primarily
by gravity flow
Lift stations pump water from low lying areas over
hills
20. Preliminary Treatment
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Removes large
objects and non-
degradable
materials
Protects pumps
and equipment
from damage
Bar screen and
Grit chamber
22. Measurement and sampling at
the inlet structure
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A flow meter continuously records the volume
of water entering the treatment plant.
Water samples are taken for determination of
suspended solids and B.O.D.
Measurements of Suspended Solids and B.O.D.
indicate the effectiveness of treatment
processes.
Both Suspended Solids and B.O.D. decrease as
water moves through the wastewater treatment
processes
23. Primary Treatment
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A physical process.
Wastewater flow is
slowed down and
suspended solids settle
to the bottom by
gravity
W the material that
settles is called sludge
or bio solids
26. Secondary treatment
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Secondary treatment is a
biological process
Utilizes bacteria and algae to
metabolize organic matter in the
wastewater
In Cape Girardeau secondary
treatment occurs on the trickling
filter
the trickling filter does not
“filter” the water
water runs over a plastic
media and organisms
clinging to the media remove
organic matter from the
water.
From secondary
treatment on the trickling
filter water flows to the
final clarifiers for further
removal of sludge.
The final clarifiers are
another set of primary
sedimentation tanks.
From the final clarifiers
the water is discharged
back to the Rivers.
27. Secondary treatment
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The final clarifiers remove
additional sludge and
further reduce suspended
solids and B.O.D.
Disposal of sludges
The sludge undergoes lime
stabilization to kill potential
pathogens
The stabilized sludge is
disposed into agricultural
fields
28. Conclusion
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water is one of the most important source on
earth
It is known as universal solvent
We must not waste the water
The waste water that we obtain from our daily
purposes and from industries must be treated in
treatment systems inorder to reduce pollution.
our govt must provide facilities and
infrastructure to avoid water pollution and
manage wasre water.
