Test techniques. Nina Gambarte y Nerea González.
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Chapter 8 from Hughes’ Testing for Language Teachers
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Test techniques. Nina Gambarte y Nerea González.
- 1. COMMON TEST TECHNIQUES Nina Gambarte Nerea González
- 2. 1.-WHAT ARE TEST TECHINQUES? RELIABLE AND VALID INDICATOR BENEFICIAL BACKWASH EFFECT ECONOMICAL RELIABLY SCORED
- 3. IT´S YOUR TURN! www.govote.at WHAT KIND OF TEST TECHNIQUES DO YOU KNOW? CODE: 18 08 13
- 4. 2.- MULTIPLE CHOICE ITEMS Structure: stem + options Options: 1 is correct, others are distractors
- 5. 2.- MULTIPLE CHOICE ITEMS Advantage: Scoring is… ECONOMICAL RAPID RELIABLE
- 6. 2.- MULTIPLE CHOICE ITEMS THE TECHNIQUE TEST ONLY RECOGNITION KNOWLEDGE Construct validity: Innacurate picture of those candidates’ ability. “There is still a gap to be bridged between knowledge and use.”
- 7. 2.- MULTIPLE CHOICE ITEMS Every test should have at least 4 options, in order to reduce the effect of guessing. Distractor should be chosen by a significant number of test takers. GUESSING MAY HAVE A CONSIDERABLE BUT UNKNOWABLE ON TEST SCORES
- 8. 2.- MULTIPLE CHOICE ITEMS THE TECHNIQUE SEVERLY RESTRICTS WHAT CAN BE TESTED Multiple choice items require distractors, and them are not always available. Sometimes there are not three distractors availables.
- 9. 2.- MULTIPLE CHOICE ITEMS IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO WRITE SUCCESSFUL ITEMS Common faults: number of correct answers, clues in the options and ineffective distractors. It is only after trialling and statistical analysis of performance that they can recognise the ones that are usable.
- 10. 2.- MULTIPLE CHOICE ITEMS BACKWASH MAY BE HARMFUL There is a danger that practisefor the test will have a harmful effect on learning and teaching.
- 11. 2.- MULTIPLE CHOICE ITEMS CHEATING MAY BE FACILITATED It is easy to communicate to other candidates non- verbally. There are some strategies that we can use to avoid it.
- 12. 3.-YES/NO OR TRUE/FALSE ITEMS. Are multiple choice items with 2 options. Sometimes those items are modified and ask to the test takers to give a reason for their choice. (Extra requirement, validity problem)
- 13. 4.- SHORT-ANSWER ITEMS Common in listening and Reading Examples: What does it in the last sentence refer to? How old was Mark when he created his own company? Why the French Army was defeated?
- 14. 4.- SHORT ANSWER Advantages Guessing contribute less Cheating is difficult Items easier to write Distractors are not needed
- 15. 4.- SHORT ANSWER Disadvantages Reduce the number of items Test taker has to produce language Scorig take longer Scoring may be invalid or unreliable Required response is short Required response is unique and in the text
- 16. 5.- GAP FILLING ITEMS Works well • Reading or listening work if the missing words are to be found in the text or are straightforward. • Test os gramar and vocabulary. Doesn’t work well • Where the gramatical element to be tested is discontinuos, and needs more tan one gap. • Gramar or vocabulary ítems where minor or subtle differences of meaning are concerned.
- 17. 5.- GAP FILLING ITEMS It’s essential that test takers are told thant only one Word can be put in each gap. It’s a valuable technique. It’s realiable.
- 18. TO CONCLUDE… www.govote.at WHAT TEST TECHNIQUE DO YOU PREFER? CODE: 46 33 03