ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
APTIKOM Open Education Architecture Framework
1. APTIKOM OPEN EDUCATION ARCHITECTURE FRAMEWORK
Prof. Richardus Eko Indrajit indrajit@post.harvard.edu
Chairman of APTIKOM Indonesia http://www.aptikom.or.id
2. The OPEN EDUCATION Phenomena in Indonesia: PAST – PRESENT - FUTURE
FIRST WAVEFIRST WAVE
SECOND WAVESECOND WAVE
THIRD WAVETHIRD WAVE
NEXT WAVENEXT WAVE
• Triggered by open source movement
• Promoted by grass-root individuals
• Accelerated by community websites
• Shared digital assets through seminars/workshops (content)
1995-2005
2006-2010• Triggered by lack of education resources
• Promoted by open education pioneers
• Accelerated by Ministry of National Education
• Shared digital assets through government portal (courseware)
2011-2015• Triggered by low quality of education and low GER
• Promoted by Ministry of National Education
• Accelerated by Office of the Vice President
• Shared digital assets through credit transfer (academic credit)
2016-2020• Triggered by low quality of human resources
• Promoted by the Office of Vice President
• Accelerated by multi-industry sectors
• Shared digital assets through credit earning (professional certification)
3. GOVERNMENT vs. CAMPUS AUTONOMY in Governing Higher-Education
DIGITAL
CONTENT
DIGITAL
CONTENT
COURSE
WARE
COURSE
WARE
CREDIT
TRANSFER
CREDIT
TRANSFER
CREDIT
EARNING
CREDIT
EARNING
INDIVIDUALINDIVIDUAL LECTURERLECTURER
ACCREDIATIONACCREDIATION
C2C AUTHORITYC2C AUTHORITY
GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT
ACCREDIATIONACCREDIATION
GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT
ACADEMIC
SENATE
ACADEMIC
SENATE
ASSOCIATIONASSOCIATION
SCHEME OWNERSCHEME OWNER
IC OWNERIC OWNER
LECTURERLECTURER
GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT
INSTITUTIOSINSTITUTIOS CAMPUSCAMPUS
GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT
• State Campus = very slow in adopting, Government is trying to expedite the initiatives
• Private Campus = cannot wait to adopt it massively, Government is trying to control the initiatives
?
4. KNOWLEDGE OBJECTS COURSE MATERIALS LEARNING CREDITS
CONTRIBUTORSBENEFICARIES
OnlineDigital
REPOSITORIES
presentationspresentations journalsjournals articlesarticles
modulesmodules reportsreports materialsmaterials
toolstools animationsanimations…..
dd
cc
bb
aa
course
dd
cc
bb
aa
course
dd
cc
bb
aa
course
…..
dd
cc
bb
aa
course
Test/Quiz
Evaluation
SynchronousSession
AsynchronousStudy
dd
cc
bb
aa
course
Test/Quiz
Evaluation
SynchronousSession
AsynchronousStudy
…..
KnowledgeAggregatorPrinciplesandRules
E-CourseDevelopmentPoliciesandStandards
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
• Professors
• Lecturers
• Teachers
• Researchers
• Practitioners
• Experts
• Students
• Universities
• Colleges
• Schools
• Research Centers
• Companies
• Government
• Organisations
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
• Professors
• Lecturers
• Teachers
• Practitioners
• Experts
• Universities
• Colleges
• Schools
• Research Centers
• Companies
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
• Professors
• Lecturers
• Teachers
• Universities
• Colleges
• Schools
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
Personal
Development
Knowledge
Reference
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
Knowledge
Enhancement
Learning
Enrichment
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
Proficiency
Certification
Transferred
Credit
OPEN CONTENT OPEN COURSEWARE OPEN CAMPUS
APTIKOM OPEN EDUCATION PARADIGM AND PRINCIPLES GUIDELINE ™
5. KNOWLEDGE OBJECTS COURSE MATERIALS LEARNING CREDITS
CONTRIBUTORSBENEFICARIES
OnlineDigital
REPOSITORIES
presentationspresentations journalsjournals articlesarticles
modulesmodules reportsreports materialsmaterials
toolstools animationsanimations…..
dd
cc
bb
aa
course
dd
cc
bb
aa
course
dd
cc
bb
aa
course
…..
dd
cc
bb
aa
course
Test/Quiz
Evaluation
SynchronousSession
AsynchronousStudy
dd
cc
bb
aa
course
Test/Quiz
Evaluation
SynchronousSession
AsynchronousStudy
…..
KnowledgeAggregatorPrinciplesandRules
E-CourseDevelopmentPoliciesandStandards
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
• Professors
• Lecturers
• Teachers
• Researchers
• Practitioners
• Experts
• Students
• Universities
• Colleges
• Schools
• Research Centers
• Companies
• Government
• Organisations
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
• Professors
• Lecturers
• Teachers
• Practitioners
• Experts
• Universities
• Colleges
• Schools
• Research Centers
• Companies
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
• Professors
• Lecturers
• Teachers
• Universities
• Colleges
• Schools
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
Personal
Development
Knowledge
Reference
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
Knowledge
Enhancement
Learning
Enrichment
INDIVIDUALS INSTITUTIONS
Proficiency
Certification
Transferred
Credit
OPEN CONTENT OPEN COURSEWARE OPEN CAMPUS
THE FRAMEWORK AS THE GUIDANCE TO DEVELOP POLICIES
GOVERNMENT
GRANTS FOR
OPEN COURSEWARE
DEVELOPMENT
(MONEY, WORKSHOP)
GOVERNMENT
GRANTS FOR
OPEN COURSEWARE
DEVELOPMENT
(MONEY, WORKSHOP)
GOVERNMENT
DECREE ON
E-LEARNING
AND CREDIT
TRANSFER
INITIATIVE
(LICENSE)
GOVERNMENT
DECREE ON
E-LEARNING
AND CREDIT
TRANSFER
INITIATIVE
(LICENSE)
GOVERNMENT
PARTNERSHIPS
THROUGH MOU
AND SPECIAL
ASSIGNMENTS
(IC TRANSFERS)
GOVERNMENT
PARTNERSHIPS
THROUGH MOU
AND SPECIAL
ASSIGNMENTS
(IC TRANSFERS)
NATIONAL POLICIES ON OPEN EDUCATION
National Education Act (UU No.20 tahun 2005 Sisdiknas)
Central Government Regulation (PP No.12 tahun 2012 P.Tinggi)
Minister of Education and Culture Decree (Permen 24 tahun 2012 D.Education)
Minister of Education and Culture Decree (Permen 109 tahun 2013 D.Education)
NATIONAL POLICIES ON OPEN EDUCATION
National Education Act (UU No.20 tahun 2005 Sisdiknas)
Central Government Regulation (PP No.12 tahun 2012 P.Tinggi)
Minister of Education and Culture Decree (Permen 24 tahun 2012 D.Education)
Minister of Education and Culture Decree (Permen 109 tahun 2013 D.Education)
6. THE EXAMPLE OF POLICY’s IMPLEMENTATION: APTIKOM CASE
THE
DEVELOPERS
OF
OPEN
COURSEWARE
ELIGIBLE FOR
CREDIT
TRANSFER
THE
DEVELOPERS
OF
OPEN
COURSEWARE
ELIGIBLE FOR
CREDIT
TRANSFER
THE
PROFESSORS
WHO TEACH
THE COURSES
THROUGH
E-LEARNING
PLATFORM
THE
PROFESSORS
WHO TEACH
THE COURSES
THROUGH
E-LEARNING
PLATFORM
THE
MANAGEMEN
T
WHO RUN
OPERATIONAL
AND
ADMIN AS
CLEARING
HOUSE
THE
MANAGEMEN
T
WHO RUN
OPERATIONAL
AND
ADMIN AS
CLEARING
HOUSE
THE
UNIVERSITY
WHICH
RECOGNISE
THE CREDITS
AND
GRANT THE
DEGREE AND
DIPLOMA
THE
UNIVERSITY
WHICH
RECOGNISE
THE CREDITS
AND
GRANT THE
DEGREE AND
DIPLOMA
THE
STUDENTS
WHO
TAKE THE
COURSEWARE
THE
STUDENTS
WHO
TAKE THE
COURSEWARE
THE OPEN EDUCATION CONSORSITUM MODETHE OPEN EDUCATION CONSORSITUM MODE
Subject Matter
Experts
Instructional
Designer
Multimedia
Specialist
Individuals
from the
Prominent
Universities
which have
Accreditation “A”
APTIKOM as
the Association
of Higher Education
Institutions in
Computer Studies
Any University
which has Graduate
Schools with
Minimum
Accrediation “B”
Lecturers that
work in
various Remote
Area in Indonesia
Sharing ExpertsSharing Experts Sharing ProfessorsSharing Professors Sharing ResourcesSharing Resources Sharing ProgramsSharing Programs Sharing CoursesSharing Courses
7. OPEN COURSEWARE
Content.e-aptikom.com
OCWConsortium.org
Open.edu – Open.uk
apple.com - itunes-u
OPEN CAMPUS
PJJ.Aptikom.biz
EDX.org
Phoenix.edu
Online.Stanford.edu
APTIKOM POWER HOUSEAPTIKOM POWER HOUSE APTIKOM CLEARNING HOUSEAPTIKOM CLEARNING HOUSE
APTIKOM ORGANISATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECTUREAPTIKOM ORGANISATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECTURE
PUBLIC
as providers and
beneficiaries
PUBLIC
as providers and
beneficiaries
MEMBERS
as providers and
beneficiaries
MEMBERS
as providers and
beneficiaries
SCHOLARS
as providers and
beneficiaries
SCHOLARS
as providers and
beneficiaries
Community
Network
Community
Network
Association
Network
Association
Network
Industry
Network
Industry
Network
Campus
Network
Campus
Network
Expert
Network
Expert
Network
Government
Network
Government
Network
International
Network
International
Network
Register Administer/Enroll
APTIKOM NEXSUS™ ARCHITECTURE AND STAKEHOLDERS STRUCTURE
CAMPUS NETWORK
as providers and users
(credit transfer)
CAMPUS NETWORK
as providers and users
(credit transfer)
INDONESIA
GOVERNMENT
as quality assurance and
control
INDONESIA
GOVERNMENT
as quality assurance and
control
INDUSTRY
NETWORK
as certificate providers
(credit earning)
INDUSTRY
NETWORK
as certificate providers
(credit earning)
KNOWLEDGE CENTER
NETWORK
KNOWLEDGE CENTER
NETWORK
STRATEGIC
PARTNERS
NETWORK
STRATEGIC
PARTNERS
NETWORK
OPEN CONTENT
OER-Indonesia.com
Indonesa-OER.org
Garuda.kemdiknas.go.id
IlmuKomputer.com
APTIKOM MEMBERS, PARTNERS, AND COMMUNITIESAPTIKOM MEMBERS, PARTNERS, AND COMMUNITIES
Acknowledge
Recognise
License
Evaluate
Monitor
Contribute
Support
SERVICE
PROVIDERS
SERVICE
PROVIDERS
TECHNOLOGY
PROVIDERS
TECHNOLOGY
PROVIDERS
8. THE STARTING OF NATIONAL INITIATIVES
http://pditt.belajar.kemendikbud.go.id
Soft Launching on 2 May 2014 by the Vice President of Indonesia
9. THE STARTING OF NATIONAL INITIATIVES
pjjaptikom.net
Have been implemented for one year as the national pilot project