5. The Question Shapes Your
Introduction
Evaluate two sustainable development goals and
decide which one will have the greatest impact
Introduce Your Topic
Introduce the focus of your essay
Introduce your thesis
6. A Working Introduction (p 69)
• Your
introduction will
change and
develop as your
essay develops.
• However, your
first draft should
have a basic
introduction.
Topic
Controlling idea
Thesis
General
Specific
7. The Body
• The main part of your essay is described as ‘the
body’.
• This is a simple term for something which is more
complex.
• The body of your essay should be a logically
connected sequence of ideas.
The body
8. Paragraphing
• A paragraph is a basic block in your essay.
• It should
Have a clear
topic
Explore that
topic in depth
Have a clear
connection to
your thesis
Be connected to
the surrounding
paragraphs
9. TTESSS
Transition
Topic sentence
Explanation
Support & Sources
Summary Sentence
Transition
General
Specific
This means ‘changing over’ and connects the paragraph with the
previous paragraph
This introduces the main idea and focus of the paragraph
This provides more detail about the main idea of the paragraph
This is the evidence and the examples that support the main idea
This is the concluding sentence which reinforces the main point
of the paragraph and may lead into the following paragraph
This means ‘changing over’ and connects the paragraph with the
following paragraph
10. Over To You
• Look at the outline for the paragraph on page 55.
• How would you write the paragraph?
• Think carefully about the order of information.
11. Connecting Paragraphs
• One of the most important aspects of your essay is
transition.
• This shows your reader the connection between
ideas.
The body
Transition Transition Transition Transition Transition
12. Organising Ideas
• When you are brainstorming
you get different ideas at
different times.
• You need to spend some time
thinking how to organize those
ideas logically.
• The first idea you think of
might not be the first idea you
discuss in your essay
• Some ideas you might not
need at all
1st Idea
2nd Idea
4th Idea
3rd Idea
Logical sequence
13. First, Second, Third
• First, Second, Third is a basic way to connect ideas.
• However, your transitions should help explain your
logic and the connection between paragraphs to
your reader.
14. Explain Your Logic
One of the impacts of the
SDGs is
Perhaps a more
important impact of the
SDGs is
Arguable the most
important impact of the
SDGs is
Least
Important
More
important
Most
important
• What is the logic behind these transition
sentences?
15. Explain Your Logic
The SDGs will have an
impact on individuals.
The impact on individuals
will also affect society.
These changes in society
will go on to affect the
economy.
A
A leads to
B
B leads to
C
• What is the logic behind these transition
sentences?
16. Your Working Introduction
• What do you
need to include
in your working
introduction?
Topic
Controlling idea
Thesis
17. Conclusions
• At the end of your essay you have a conclusion.
• Look at this example on page 57.
• Think about the steps that are taken in an
introduction
• What steps does the author take in the conclusion?
Topic
Controlling
idea
Thesis
18. Sample Conclusions (p. 72)
The SDGs are going to have a significant impact on the
environment, economy and society and different goals will have
different levels of impact in these areas. Life Below Water will
have a significant impact on the environment but Reduced
Inequalities will have a greater overall impact because it will affect
both the economy and society. Over fishing and pollution are two
major challenges that Life Below Water will help address.
However, inequality is one of the major challenges facing the
world. While inequalities exist we will not live in a fair or just
world. Reduced Inequalities will give more people access to better
education which will mean they can contribute more to the
economy and will also help make society itself better. However, it
is important to note that all of the goals need to be met if the
SDGs are going to be successful and lead to a fairer, more
prosperous, cleaner world.
General
Specific Restate thesis
Summarise
main points
Make general
comment on the
topic