This document analyzes three case studies related to natural resource management, climate change, and rural livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. The case studies include the Upper Tana Natural Resources Management Project, the Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security programme, and the Adaptation Learning Programme in Africa. The analysis examines aspects of integrated approaches, community participation, capacity building, livelihood improvement, innovation, links to climate change and natural resource management, and sustainability. It draws lessons about the importance of livelihood benefits for communities to engage in natural resource management and the need for diversified livelihoods, localized climate information, and addressing underlying vulnerabilities to build adaptive capacity.