The document summarizes a case study conducted by the author at Uni Hospital. The author visited the hospital to research the various electronic equipment used. Some of the key equipment observed included electrocardiography machines, X-ray machines, ultrasound machines, blood pressure monitors, and full auto analyzers. Electrocardiography measures electrical activity of the heart, X-rays produce images of internal structures, and ultrasounds use sound waves to examine internal organs. The electronic equipment was concluded to have improved patient comfort, reduced testing times, and modernized medical sciences.

1. CASE STUDY
ECE131
TOPIC :- VARIOUS ELECTRONIC
EQUIPMENT IN HOSPITAL
DOS:- 7th – November, 2016
Submitted to:-Amandeep Kaur
Submitted By:-
Pushkar
B52
K1619
Place of Visit :-Uni Hospital
Date of Visit :- 6th –November,
2016

2. 1.INTRODUCTION
2.PURPOSE OF VISIT
3.INSTRUMENTS PRESENT IN
HOSPITAL
4. ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY
5.X-RAY
6.ULTRASOUND
7.CONCLUSION
8.REFERENCE

3.  What is a Medical Device?
Medical device means any instrument, apparatus,
machine, for in vitro use intended by the manufacturer
to be used, alone or in combination, for human beings,
for one or more of the specific medical purposes of:
• diagnosis, prevention, monitoring, treatment of
disease
• investigation, replacement, modification, or support of
the anatomy or of a physiological process
• supporting or sustaining life
• providing information by means of in vitro
examination of specimens derived from the human
body

4. PURPOSE OF VISIT
I visited the Uni hospital as I had been assigned a
case study on the topic of various electronic
Equipment's in Hospital, As a student of Computer
Science Engineering, I felt very excited and found a
wonderful opportunity which helped me in doing a
lot of research and I came to know about so many
new things.
There were many electronic instruments which I
have seen, even I had never heard of some the
devices that are used for the curing of diseases.

5. INSTRUMENTS PRESENT IN
HOSPITAL
There were many different types of LCD
monitors were present in the hospital some of
them were known as Heart rate(Cardiac)
monitors, Breathing Rate Monitors, Blood
Pressure Monitors
 FULL AUTO ANALYSERS: Full Auto Analyser is a
instrument which has the ability to boost the amount of
samples that can be processed in the chemical testing
laboratory.
 CENTRIFUGER: Centrifuger is a electronic instrument
which operates under an irregular filtration process and is
perfect for the separation of pharmaceutical products from
bulk

6. An ECG is a simple, non-invasive procedure. Electrodes are placed on
the skin of the chest and connected in a specific order to a machine that,
when turned on, measures electrical activity all over the heart. Output
usually appears on a long scroll of paper that displays a printed graph of
activity on a computer screen. The initial diagnosis of heart attack is
usually made through observation of a combination of clinical symptoms
and characteristic ECG changes
Electrocardiography (ECG ) is the process of recording the
electrical activity of the heart over a period of time
using electrolodes placed on the skin. These electrodes detect
the tiny electrical changes on the skin. It is a very commonly
performed cardiology test.
Electrocardiography

7. X-RAY
To produce an X-ray picture, an X-ray machine
produces a very concentrated beam of electrons onto
a metal film. The beam travels through the air until
it comes in contact with our body tissues. Soft tissue,
such as skin and organs, cannot absorb the high-
energy rays, and the beam passes through them.
a photographic or digital image of the internal
composition of something, especially a part of the
body, produced by X-rays being passed through it and
being absorbed to different degrees by different
materials

8. a noninvasive technique involving the formation of a
two-dimensional image used for the examination and
measurement of internal body structures and the
detection of bodily abnormalities —called
also sonography
Ultrasound pictures are made from sound waves
which are too high pitched to be heard by the
human ear. The sound waves travel through your
skin and are focused on a certain part of your body
by a scanning device called a “transducer.” It picks
up the sound waves as they bounce back from
organs inside the body.

9. The Future of Ultrasound
As with other computer technology,
ultrasound machines will most likely get
faster and have more memory for storing
data. Transducer probes may get smaller,
and more insertable probes will be
developed to get better images of internal
organs. Most likely, 3D ultrasound will be
more highly developed and become more
popular. The entire ultrasound machine
will probably get smaller.

10. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, I want to say that the electronic types of
equipment have changed the previous state of medical
sciences. These instruments have increased the
comfort level of patients as well as the doctors who are
taking care of them. These instruments have reduced
the time which is required for getting the result. Now,
any normal person can check their health report by
sitting at home. These have also changed the way of
determining the samples that are tested in the
laboratories.

11. REFERENCE
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_device
 http://www.who.int/medical_devices/full_deffinition/en/
 http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/Overview/ClassifyYourDe
vice/ucm051512.htm
 https://drsvenkatesan.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/atrial-fibrillation.gif
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocardiography
 http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=3212
 https://drsvenkatesan.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/atrial-fibrillation.gif
 http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=3212
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray
 http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/everyday-innovations/question18.htm
 http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ultrasound
 www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003336.htm
 https://media1.giphy.com/media/urZZ5RET1pfR6/200_s.gif
 https://s-media-cache-
ak0.pinimg.com/originals/65/9b/0f/659b0fdedc6b69414154293fcdd8ce38.jpg
 http://data.whicdn.com/images/48275520/original.gif
 http://www.physics.utoronto.ca/~jharlow/teaching/phy138_0708/lec04/ultrasoundx.htm
 http://science.howstuffworks.com/ultrasound2.htm