Intellectual Property Rights and its Types

R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
1
Prepared by:
Mr.R.Arun Kumar & Mr.M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian
Assistant Professors / Department of Mechanical Engineering
Ramco Institute of Technology, Rajapalayam, Tamil Nadu
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND ITS TYPES : IN INDIAN
CONTEXT
Source:
https://www.brainkart.com/arti
cle/Intellectual-Property-Right-
(IPR)_38256/

The contents used in the presentation is completely for
educational purpose. The images / logos / brand names used
in the content is demonstrated only for understanding and
not to promote or demote any brands. 2
Source: http://www.pngall.com/disclaimer-symbol-png
Source: https://www.dyroohealthcare.com/disclaimer-2/

AGENDA FOR THE WEBINAR:
Day 1:
 What is Intellectual Property?
 Need of Intellectual Property?
 Types of Intellectual Property?
 Patents & its criteria
 Other forms of IP Rights
3
Source:
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06619-3

INTRODUCTION TO IPR:
 The word Property is always closely associated with society.
 Properties always gives an unique identity to an individual as
well as organization.
Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taj_Mahal
Source:
https://powerselvakumar.blogspot.com/2017/ 08/the-
great-thanjavur-periya-kovil-main.html 4

INTRODUCTION TO IPR:
 Economic theory says that the value of a property depends on the
gap between demand and supply.
 This is also applicable to intangible properties as well.
Source: https://giphy.com/stickers/cute-fun-3oFzmsC4hj2UCetUZy
Onion Theft.mp4
5

WHAT IS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY?
 A property which is ideated and developed from human intellect
is called ‘Intellectual Property’
 These properties can be in various forms which includes books,
artistic works, inventions.
Source: https://tenor.com/search/i-have-an-idea-gifs
6

WHAT IS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS?
 Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) helps an individual or an
organization to protect applications of ideas and
information that are of commercial value.
Source: http://www.orblock.com/
7

WHAT IS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS?
 IPR in legal sense facilitates the inventor to own, sell, lease
or license a property which is generated from one’s intellect.
Source: https://giphy.com/gifs/andersonpaak-money-bills-1APhDggUPlkRdK5w1n
8

NEED FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS:
 Prevents infringement by competitors
 Gives complete rights to the inventor legally
 Minimizes needless investment in R&D
 Improves the Innovation index of a country
 Helps the inventor to provide licensing agreement to others
 Gives monetary benefits to the inventor
9

NEED FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS:
Global Innovation Index, 2020
Source: World Intellectual Property Organization
Country
Score
(out of 100)
Global Rank
Switzerland 66.08 1
Singapore 56.61 8
Republic of Korea 56.11 10
Hong Kong 54.24 11
China 53.28 14
Japan 52.70 16
Malaysia 42.42 33
UAE 41.79 34
Vietnam 37.12 42
Thailand 36.68 44
India 35.59 48
10

TYPES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS:
Patents
Trade Marks
Copyrights
Industrial Designs
Geographical Indications
Trade Secrets
Integrated Circuits 11

PATENTS:
 Patent is a type of IPR in a documentary form that gives the
Patentee, sole right to make, use or sell an invention and
preventing others from infringement.
 Patents are granted to inventions which is either product or
process. Or a patent is a right granted for any product or
process which is new, inventive, useful and applicable.
Source:
US Patent No.: 7,631,443 – Wheeled
Shovel with Hinge Apparatus
12

PATENTS:
Source: https://gfycat.com/hardleanbronco-cricket
Source:
https://giphy.com/gifs/field-cricket-swagger-
zrS3WH7CMqtAA
Non
Tangible
Patent
Tangible
Patent
Paul Hawkins and David Sherry,
Roke Manor Research Ltd, England
Pak vs Eng, April 2001.
Bronte Eckermann,
Zing International Pvt. Ltd., Australia
ICC T20 World Cup, 2014 13

PATENTS:
First Patent in World:
 The first recorded patent for an industrial invention was
granted in 1421 in Florence, Italy to the architect and
engineer Filippo Brunelleschi as a 3 year monopoly. ‘Barge with
hoisting gear used to transport marble’.
Source: https://www.britannica.com/topic/patent
14

PATENTS:
First Patent in India:
 On March 3, 1856, George Alfred DePenning, a civil engineer,
of Calcutta petitioned for grant of exclusive privileges for his
invention – ‘An Efficient Punkah Pulling Machine’.
Source:
https://aadityapatil.wordpress.com/2015/06/23/the-first-
indian-patent-an-efficient-punkah-pulling-machine/
Source:
https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Punkah
15

PATENTS:
First Patent in India:
Source:
https://aadityapatil.wordpress.com/2015/06/23/the-first-indian-patent-an-efficient-punkah-pulling-machine/
16

PATENTS:
Inventor or
Assignee
Source:
https://giphy.com/stickers/montblancworld-montblanc-meisterstuck-meisterstck-3s8YxDF2gfwrLnKP4j
https://ulleseit.com/2018/03/21/novel-madness-2018-semifinal-round/
https://www.matsuk12.us/Page/22445
Techno Legal
Document
Government
17

PATENTS:
Criteria for Patent Grant:
 For an invention to be patented, it has to satisfy three
conditions:
Novel
Inventive
Step
Industrial
Applicability
Source:
https://industryleaders.com.au/functions-events-photo-
gallery/ilfsn-cocktail-function-4-february-2019/
18

PATENTS:
1. Novelty:
 The invention must not exist or it must be new and unknown
to the public
 Modified uses of existing processes, machines and composition
of matters or materials are also patentable.
Gem Clip Binder Clip
Source:
https://www.ontimesupplies.com/nsn285
5995-nsn2855995-binder-clip-large-
black-silver-dozen.html
Source:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Clip.jpg
19

PATENTS:
2. Inventive Step:
 Non – obvious / inventive step means there should not be a
mere improvement from prior state of art.
20
Source:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clip#/media/
Archivo:Wanzijia.jpg

PATENTS:
3. Industrial Applicability:
 Ability to manufacture.
Source: https://time.com/4572079/best-inventions-2016/
21

PATENTS:
22
Source
https://www.desertcart.in/products/57384186-jjtgs-sun-shelters-beach-clamp-chair-umbrella-
baby-carriage-umbrella-and-all-position-umbrella-with-universal-clamp-chairbrella-umbrella-
shade-for-folding-chairs-blue

PATENTS:
 Clears Industrial Applicability
 Clears Novelty
 Doesn’t clears Inventive Step
23
Source
https://powersponsorship.com/five-reasons-
sponsors-should-consider-an-umbrella-portfolio/
Source
https://www.my-deco-
shop.com/en/armchairs/2074-armchair-about-
chair-ref-aac153-soft.html

PATENTS:
24
Source
https://www.amazon.com/XXHDEE-Outdoor-
Leisure-Umbrella-Portable/dp/B07ZWDF9G9

PATENTS:
Types – Product patent and process patent
Examples of Patent:
Examples
Manufactured
article Machine
Source
https://blogs.solidworks.com/tech/2016/09/s
olidworks-part-reviewer-nail-clippers-
tutorial.html
Source
https://tenor.com/view/old-television-
1salve-tv-gif-12646887
25

PATENTS:
Examples of Patent:
Examples
Composition
of matter
Process of
manufacturing
Source
http://dev.odelayfilms.com/work/nippon-paint/
Source
https://giphy.com/explore/oil-refinery
26

NON PATENTABLE INVENTIONS:
27
Source:
https://www.saddlespace.org/whittake
rm/science/cms_page/view/7795341
Source:
https://byjus.com/biology/biodiv
ersity-in-plants-and-animals/
Source:
https://medcureindia.com/
treatments
Source:
https://cnduk.org/resources/links-
nuclear-power-nuclear-weapons/
Source:
https://www.goldenrestaura
ntmarketing.com/excellent-
plan-for-restaurant/
Source:
https://www.canarie.ca/soft
ware/

PATENTS:
A Quick questionnaire – Eligible for patent?
A method for treatment of cancer?
No
Polyurethane foam coated with silver nano particles?
Yes
A micro-organism existing in nature?
No
Automated transmission system for an automobile?
Yes
Mobile Phone with a Stethoscope?
Yes
An improved cricket ball throwing machine?
Yes
Law of gravity
No
28

PATENT IS NOT A BIG DEAL:
Note: 90% of the patents are for improvements to existing patented
inventions.
E.g.: Cricket helmet (Stem Guard by Masuri Group Ltd., England)
Source
https://imgur.com/gall
ery/7tBr4Mh
Source
https://www.express.co.uk/
sport/cricket/540629/Phil-
Hughes-death-cricket
29

PATENT IS NOT A BIG DEAL:
Note: 90% of the patents are for improvements to existing patented
inventions.
E.g.: Cricket helmet (Stem Guard by Masuri Group Ltd., England)
Source
https://www.lawinsport.com/topics/item/protecting-a-new-protective-cricket-helmet-an-ip-case-study
30

COPYRIGHTS:
 Copyright is a bundle of exclusive rights granted by law to the
creators to do or authorize the doing of certain acts with regard
to their creations.
 In simple words copyrights enables a creator to protect his/her
creative works of written word, art, music, TV/film, software code,
etc.
 Copyright is a kind of protection against unauthorized use of
one’s work.
31

COPYRIGHTS:
Examples of copyrights:
Sound
recording
Dramatic
Work
Literary
Work
Artistic
Work
Musical
Work
Cinematog
raphy
32

COPYRIGHTS:
Various forms of copyrights
33
Source: http://www.disney.in/
Source:
https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/21146
5/the-jungle-book-by-rudyard-kipling-introduction-
by-neil-gaiman/

34

TRADE SECRET:
Source
https://gifer.com/en/8Q4I
35
Source
https://3dwarehouse.sketchup.com/model/43f588f24dd4f4862389a54fb53b0765/Logo-Cocacola

TRADE SECRET:
Source
http://edition.cnn.com/2014/02/18/business/coca-cola-secret-formula/index.html
36
John S. Pemberton (1831–88)

TRADE SECRET:
Source
http://edition.cnn.com/2014/02/18/business/coca-cola-secret-formula/index.html
37

TRADE MARK:
 A trademark is a sign capable of distinguishing the goods or
services of one enterprise from those of other enterprises.
 Trademark is registered for 10 years and can be perpetually
renewed.
Source
https://www.googleimages.com
38

TRADE MARK:
Difference between ™ & ®:
Example for ™
Source
https://www.medianews4u.com/delhi-offices-lowe-lintas-
linteractive-bag-new-biz-mandate-india-gate-basmati-rice/
Example for ®
Source
https://www.earnieland.com/en-BE/shop/nike

TRADE MARK:
Product name or brand name?
Source:
https://www.technobuffalo.com/best-baby-diapers
Source:
https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/dalda-
vanaspati-20399164955.html
40
Vanaspathi
Diaper

TRADE MARK:
Product name or brand name?
Source:
https://gfycat.com/conventionalw
astefulisabellinewheatear
Source:
https://gfycat.com/apprehensiveconcretegorilla 41
Backhoe loader

DESIGN REGISTRATION:
 A design patent covers the aesthetic look of a product i.e.:
ornamental shape or surface treatment of a product.
 The look need not to have functional application.
Source
http://gallery.wacom.com/gallery/54247849/FA
NTA-Something-twisted-is-coming
Source
https://tenor.com/view/pepsi-gif-8178426
42

Coke Friendly Twist
Source: http://onapi.gob.do/index.php/invenciones/disenos
43

Identify the brand name
Source: https://www.flipkart.com/indulekha-bringha-selfie-bottle-hair-oil/p/itmf3jyqkr3gxnrd
44

Identify the brand name
Source: http://www.ayyanarenterprises.in/?product=natraj-pencil
Source: https://tradevistas.org/pencils-still-teaching-us-lessons-about-trade/
Source: https://www.snapdeal.com/product/reynolds-white-ball-pen/652388893938
45

PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION:
 A new plant variety, irrespective of reproduction method can
also be filed under utility patent. IPR law in India paves a way
to protect plant varieties through manipulation of seeds only.
Source: https://giphy.com/gifs/pretty-flower-blossom-8EvcxIrfrz3TG
46

PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION:
E.g.: BT Cotton by Monsanto Ltd. to resist plant from bollworms.
Source:
https://gfycat.com/conventionalappropriatedormo
use-caterpillar
Source
https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/hybri
d-cotton-seeds-bollgard-ii-18679348291.html
Source: https://pnghunter.com/png/monsanto-logo/
47

GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS:
Source
https://vajiramias.com/current-affairs/gi-tag-not-extendable-to-unrelated-
business/5c5a9fde1d5def7a8626abd2/
48

 A geographical indication (GI) is a tag used on commodities
which have a specific geographical origin and possess
unique qualities or a reputation corresponding to the place of
origin. Has indefinite validity with renewal for every 10 years.
Source
https://krishijagran.com/news/list-of-state-wise-gi-tagged-products-in-india/
49

Who can register?
 Any association of persons or producers
 Any Organization/authority established under law which
represent the interests of the producers of the concerned goods.
Source: https://dotnetwebs.in/tamilnadu-handlooms-and-textiles-recruitment-2019/
50

Types of GI:
Agricultural products
Manufactured commodities
Handicraft works
Natural and food stuffs
51

First GI of India: 2004 – Agricultural
Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darjeeling_tea#/media/
File:Darjeeling_tea_Logo.png
Source: http://ipindiaservices.gov.in
52

First GI of Tamil Nadu: 2004 – Salem fabric – Handicraft
Source:
http://www.esuppliersindia.com/guru-ragavendra-
textiles/checks-woven-fabric-pr1056448-sFP-
swf.html
53

Other remarkable GI’s of India: Madurai Malli
Source: https://alchetron.com/Madurai
Source:
http://ipindiaservices.gov.in/GirPublic/Application/Details/238
54

Recent GI of India: Kovilpatti Kadalai Mittai
Source:
https://www.villagesnacks.com/product/kovilpatti-
kadalai-mittai-online/
55

REFERENCES:
 V. Scople Vinod, Managing Intellectual Property, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, 2012.
 S.V. Satarkar, Intellectual Property Rights and Copy Rights, Ess Ess Publications, New
Delhi, 2002.
 https://www.greyb.com/patent-databases-best-search-platforms/
 https://ocpatentlawyer.com/patents-make-money/
 http://www.ipindia.nic.in/manual-patents.htm
56
Source: https://gifimage.net/thank-you-any-questions-gif-3/

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