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Formal English
CRWE
Robert Wilks
What is “formal” English?
What is the difference between
•formal
•academic
•standard
•informal?
Formal, academic and standard
English overlap a lot.
Academic – Formal – Standard – Informal
FormalAcademic
Informal
Standard
Formal: “To whom it may concern”
“We would be grateful for a prompt
reply”
“hereby”, “aforementioned”
Academic: “the critique,
analysis and expostulation of
the re-invigoration of
character education in the
Indonesian educational
system”
Informal:
“sup?” “cool” “stuff”
to a specific person whom you don’t
know, to maintain a good
relationship; for high-level
management
specialized language
used in particular fields
or in academia
only with your friends,
text messaging
Standard:
Useful for almost any situation, the
effective use of standard vocabulary
and correct grammar, easy for
anyone with at least a high school
education to understand
In this course, we will use “formal” to mean:
The use of standard phrases commonly found in
correspondence in a professional context, to a person
you don’t know, which help establish or maintain a
good relationship and which make a good impression;
or language used for high-level management or official
documents.
But also:
• No contractions
• Impersonal style
• Nothing that would be considered informal or slang
• Concise, precise, focused

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Formal, academic, standard and informal english rev june 2020

  • 2. What is “formal” English? What is the difference between •formal •academic •standard •informal?
  • 3. Formal, academic and standard English overlap a lot.
  • 4. Academic – Formal – Standard – Informal FormalAcademic Informal Standard Formal: “To whom it may concern” “We would be grateful for a prompt reply” “hereby”, “aforementioned” Academic: “the critique, analysis and expostulation of the re-invigoration of character education in the Indonesian educational system” Informal: “sup?” “cool” “stuff” to a specific person whom you don’t know, to maintain a good relationship; for high-level management specialized language used in particular fields or in academia only with your friends, text messaging Standard: Useful for almost any situation, the effective use of standard vocabulary and correct grammar, easy for anyone with at least a high school education to understand
  • 5. In this course, we will use “formal” to mean: The use of standard phrases commonly found in correspondence in a professional context, to a person you don’t know, which help establish or maintain a good relationship and which make a good impression; or language used for high-level management or official documents. But also: • No contractions • Impersonal style • Nothing that would be considered informal or slang • Concise, precise, focused