2. TIGHT OIL
Also called oil bearing shale which is “oil locked in
rock”. Most commonly found in shale or siltstone
Limestone a mile below the earths surface.
Horizontal Drilling & Hydraulic Fracturing are the two
basic methods of extracting the oil.
Tight oil is also commonly known as light tight oil as
to differ from shale oil
4. RESERVOIR DETAILS
These formation are heterogenous and vary widely over
short distance
Production from tight oil reservoir requires atleast 15-20% of
natural gas
These are highly compacted with very low porosity 4-12%
Permeability of these shale is less than .1 md.
example- Barnett shale (U.S), Eagle ,Bekken
5. TYPE OF OIL
Shale oil has resulted in production growth of light sweet crude in
North America
-Shale oil’s are characterized by low resid yields & low sulfur
content
Light sweet crudes tend to produce resids with poor quality
6. CONVENTIONAL LTO RECOVERY
Before it was only vertical drilling application
executed on LTO fields which was further on
transform to advance drilling
7. ADVANCED DRILLING FOR LTO RECOVERY
Commonly horizontal drilling
coupled with multi-stage
fracturing is used to access
these tight shale reservoirs.
Multi lateral pilot well
technique are used for
recovery.
8. TECHNOLOGIES EMPLOYED FOR RECOVERY
HORIZONTAL DRILLING
The purpose of horizontal drilling is to
increase the contact between the reservoir
and the wellbore.
9. HYDRAULIC FACTURING
This process applies pressure by pumping fluids into the
wellbore
which opens existing, or creates new fracture or pathway in the
reservoir.
10. TIGHT OIL CHALLENGES
Multiple-stage fracking can require
millions of gallons of water.
The frack fluids may contain
chemicals that have become the
subject of public concern.
Flaring has been a source of
environmental criticism.
11. TIGHT OIL CHALLENGES
OFF SHORE FIELD
The construction of thousands of well pads and truck traffic
for the drilling and fracking of thousands of wells:
–Increased airborne dust
–Adversely affect the “viewshed”
12. TIGHT OIL SOLUTIONS
Increased use of technologies to drill multiple wells from a
single pad:
– Reduces the overall footprint of drilling operations.
Development and application of environmentally friendly dust
control materials.
13. TIGHT OIL SOLUTIONS
Development and application of frack fluid recycling.
Reformulation of frack fluids to be more environmentally
friendly.
Utilization of flare gas.
•Infrastructure is catching up.
•On-site and off-site uses for gas are developing.
16. 7 KEY SHALE PRODUCING REGIONS
Since 2007 – Shale Oil
production
from these regions responsible
for:
95% of domestic oil production
growth
100% of the domestic natural
gas
production growth
18. INDIAN SCENARIO
Basins of preliminary interest identified by Indian geologists
are the Cambay Basin in Gujarat, the Assam-Arakan basin
in northeast India, and the Gondwana Basin in central India.
19. INDIAN SCENARIO
A production of 70-90MMTOE of oil and gas is
envisage from this tight reservoir by 2030
In Mizoram ONGC has discovered non commercial
gas in a tough and geologically challenging field
A comprehensive study is required for all explored and
unexplored basins to bring on compression track
23. CONCLUSION
Shale oil development has driven large
growth in North American crude oil production
New production is light sweet crude
This has displaced historic imports of similar
crude grades
This has changed the way crude goes to
market
24. REFERENCESNATURAL GAS ENGINEERING: ARPIT
VERMA
IEA (INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY)
WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK
SCIENTIFIC TECHINICAL JOURNAL :
ESTONIAN ACADEMY PUBLISHER
WORLD ENERGY RESOURCES SURVEY
2013
FUEL FIX
TIGHT RESERVOIR: AN OVER VIEW IN
INDIAN CONTEXT BY TARUN KUMAR AND
ASHUTOSH