Contenu connexe Plus de Roberto Peretta (20) Mobile, Smartphones, Wi-Fi, and Apps2. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Today
01.Tuesday,Oct2
Some
25Years
ofeTourism
02.Thursday,Oct4
Networks
&SocialNetworks.
WebPresence
04. Thursday, Oct11
Mobile,Smartphones,
Wi-Fi,andApps
03.Tuesday, Oct9
Destinations,
theIndustry,
andPeer-To-Peer
06.Thursday, Oct18
WebReputation:
Likes,Engagement
&Sentiment
05.Tuesday, Oct16
Analytics,Insights,
Cookies,andthe
Disappearing
Privacy
07. Tuesday, Oct23
Design:Content,
Copyright
&CreativeCommons
page2Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018
7. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Different Needs
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018
Talkingabouttourismandmobility,let’sseenowwhether tourists’needs
areexpressedand addressedviaadesktopcomputer,athomeorinaoffice,
orthroughamobiledevice,i.e.on-the-move.
page7
8. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Information Search
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018
ondestinations
onaccommodation
ontoursorroutes
onairlines,railways,carrental
onpackagedtours
page8
From Home, Or Office,
Before Leaving
23. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Responsive Websites
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018
Currently,themostpopularsolutionistheresponsiveapproach.
Specificprogramminglanguages,likeCSSandJavascript,areusedinthesource.
ThesameHTMLsourceisusedbyalldevices–fromdesktopthroughtabletsto
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smartphones –foritsabilityto
adjusttomonitorsofanysize.
imagecredittozurb.com
Bytheway,CSS(Cascading StyleSheets)
providesgraphicstyleinstructions,while
Javascriptisahigh-levelprogramming
language.
AlongsideCSS and HTML,JavaScriptisnow
acoretechnology oftheWorldWideWeb.
32. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
The Global Positioning System
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018
TheGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)isaspace-basedGlobalNavigation
SatelliteSystem(GNSS)thatprovideslocationandtimeinformationinall
weather,anywhereonorneartheEarth,wherethereisanunobstructedlineof
sighttofourormoreGPSsatellites.
Itismaintained bytheUnitedStatesgovernment andis freelyaccessibleby
anyonewithaGPSreceiver.
CurrentGPS-baseddevicesincludeincarnavigationsystems(likeTomTom)
and–increasingly –smartphoneslikeiPhonesorAndroid-based mobile
phones.
TherearemorethanoneGNSS.Europe,e.g., isdevelopingthe GalileoGNSS.
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33. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Or GPS
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018 page33
Satellitesinageostationaryorbit,
whichmakeuptheSpaceSegment,
appeartogroundobserversatafixed
positioninthesky.
AControlSegmentoptimizesthe
processfromtheEarth’ssurface.
Anantennaplacedinthedevice,or
UserSegment,measuresits
distancesfromasetofgeostationary
satellites–sometwentyeachtime.
36. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Google Maps Vs. OpenStreetMap
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018
Currently,themostdiffusedproprietarywebmappingsystemisGoogleMaps.
GoogleMapsreliesondifferentprovidersofGeographicInformationSystems
(GIS)accordingtodifferent countries,andissomehow opposedto
OpenStreetMap,anopensourcemapsystem.
page36
OpenStreetMap isafreeservice.
GoogleMaps,instead, isafreemium
service.Thismeans thatit’sfreefor
those whowanttoembedGoogleMaps
intheirwebsites,butwithlimitations.
IftheGoogleMapsembedded ina
websitearevisitedalot,Googlecharges.
42. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Content Is Often Georeferenced
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018
WebserviceslikeGoogleMapsand
OpenStreetMap,orViaMichelin,are
geographicperse,builtforthepurpose.
Yet,severalotherwebservices make
useofgeographicdata.
Forinstance,atleastthreeofthe
communitiesorsocialnetworking
platformswepreviouslyconsidered
makeuseofgeographicdataroutinely.
page42
43. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Location-Based Services
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018
Thereareseamlessconnectionsamonglocations–tourismlocations,too–,
theirgeographicalrepresentationontheWeb(onGoogleMaps,oron
Foursquare)andyourcustomers’smartphones.
Thisisveryinterestingfromatourismpointofview.
1. YourwebsitecanuseGoogleMapstoprovideyourcustomerswith
directionstoyourdestination oryourbusiness.
2. Yourdestination oryourbusinesscanprovidelocation-basedinformation
abouttouristservices,heritage,andwhat-to-do.
3. Yourdestination oryourbusinesscanprovidesuchlocation-based
informationthroughmobiledeviceslikesmartphones.
page43
44. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Foursquare
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018
Therewasapioneerinthisfield.
TheFoursquareservicewas
createdinlate2008andlaunched
in2009.Itstillworks.
Foursquareisalocalsearch-and-discoveryservicemobileappwhichprovides
search-resultsforitsusers.Itisdeliveredondesktopcomputers,too.
BytakingintoaccounttheplacesthataFoursquareuserhasvisited, thethings
thatshe/helikedbefore,andwhatother usersadvised,Foursquareprovides
recommendationsaboutplacesinthevicinityofher/hiscurrentlocation.
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45. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
A Social Recommendation System
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018
Whenmentioning DynamicPackaging,weintroduceditasatechnologythat
allowscustomerstobuildtheirowntravelitinerariesbyconsulting
recommendationsfromprevioustouristsandassemblingservicesaccordingly.
WealsoobservedthatDynamicPackagingisoftenconnected with
RecommendationSystems.
page45
Well,FoursquarewasthefirstRecommendation
Systemtobebothsocialandgeoreferenced.
ItsLBS,orLocation-BasedServices,arebasedon
socialsharing. imagecredittobug-software.com
50. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Destinations vs. Wi-Fi Coverage
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018
Connections costsareaproblem,which Wi-Ficoveragemayhelptosolve.
“Infrastructure,especiallythosethatsupportdigitalconnectivity, arestrategic
forenablingandsupportingsmartcitytouristservices.
Ofcourse,differentlevelsofcomplexityandcostinfrastructureconnectto
different governancelevels.
Fiber backbonesand 5G networksinvolve nationaland regional government
and high-level decision makerswhereas freeWi-Fidirectlyinvolveslocal
government, municipalityandcitizens.”
Lorenzi,Mancin,Cagol (2014)
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52. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Apps, Apple, and Closed Worlds
Themobilephonetechnologyhaschanged
people’shabits.Smartphonesarenow
morepopularthanwristwatches.
ApplehasimposedtheiPhonemodel,a
closedworld whereyouenter onlyby
acceptingApple'soperatingsystemiOS,
andgraduallyadding specificapplications.
Thisisthemodelwehavetorefer to,when
wetalkofapps.
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018 page52
53. ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019ITforTourismServices,UniBg2018-2019
Apps vs. Websites
Verysimilarly,Googlehasimposeditsown
Androidoperatingsystemworldwide.
PeopleofteninstalliOSorAndroid
“horizontal”apps,asforsocialnetworks,
transportormaps.
Lessoftendotheydownload “vertical”
appsforasingletownoraresort...
Individualtowns,resorts orcultural
institutionsareingrowingneedofmobile-
friendlywebsites.
Mobile,Wi-Fi,Apps.Lecture04,October11,2018 page53