Includes all types of Organic manures and Organic insecticides.
Fully practical based approach.
Result is better. promoting sustainable agriculture and say no to agrochemicals. Less side effect.
Mostly applicable for kitchen gardening.
Easy to prepare. farmers can easily prepare it at their home .
Zero budget approach. Sustain to economy of the farmers. Restore soil fertility. Balance the Ph of soil.
Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode
practical organic farming
1. A New Horizon In Farming Tradition
[Bring the agriculture under the limelight of BIOGREENARY-
MANAGEMENT]
INTRODUCTION:-
The economy of our country is mainly dependent on the field of
Agriculture. The contribution of agriculture to the GDP of our
nation is near about 17.33%. The excessive use of chemical
fertilizers and chemical pesticides gradually decreases the fertility
power of soil and the soil becomes toxic. It affects the productivity
of crops which leads to a heavy economic loss of farmers. It
indicates a serious food crisis in future. So we aims to bring the
Agriculture under the limelight of Bio-greenery-Management and
to create a new horizon in farming tradition.
OBJECTIVES:-
To decrease the use of chemical fertilizers. ( i.e. SSP,MOP,
Ammonium sulphate etc.) and to decrease the use of chemical
pesticides ( i.e. DDT,BHC,Gamaxin, Endosulfan,Fenthion,Ethyl
parathion etc).
To promote Zero budget waste management.
To promote sustainable agriculture.
And at last to make our earth Greener, cleaner and safer for
future.
3. DESCRIPTION:-
1. LIQUID FERTILIZERS:-
a) MAGICAL WATER ( KITCHEN WASTE EXTRACT ):-
Collecting extract from vegetables and fruits
PROCEDURE:-
I. Collect vegetable and fruit waste.
II. Treat them in hot water for 4-5 days.o
III. Filter the extract liquid from the waste.
IV. Now, the extract works as a liquid fertilizer.
4. Filtering through net Magical water
HOW TO USE:-
I. Mix 1 lit. of this liquid @ 10 lit. of fresh water.
II. This mixture can be used through sprinkler irrigation
and spray on both blossoms, foliages and fruits.
IMPORTANCE:-
I. It contains all type of essential nutrients require for
plant growths like Ca, K, Na. B, S and Mo.
II. It is inexpensive and economically profitable for a
farmer.
III. It causes no side effect .
IV. Also important for home gardening.
5. 2. JIVAMRUT ( AMRIT JAL ):-
Mixing daal ka aata( Basan) and Cow urine with cow dung
PROCEDURE:-
I. Collect cow dung of 7 days old (10 kg) and Collect cow urine(1-
2 lit.)
II. Collect Jiggery or old gur (200g)
III. Collect Dal ka aata(200g)
IV. Mix all of them thoroughly with needed quantity of water.
V. Keep whole mixture in a jar/container for 4-5 days.
VI. On regular basis we have to rotate the mixture both
anticlockwise and clockwise direction respectively 12 times
twice in a day.
6. Mixing gur(jiggery) with the mixture Jivamrut is ready
HOW TO USE:-
I. Before application mix whole mixture with 2 barrel of water.
II. Now jivamrut is ready to be applied in the field.
III. It can be used through sprinkler irrigation, fertigation and direct
spraying both on the blossoms and foliages.
IMPORTANCE:-
I. It contain essential nutrients like N. P .K require for the
growth of plant.
II. It is inexpensive and economically profitable for a farmer.
III. It contains cow urine which help to plant growth and
antifungal properties.
IV. It also improves the soil structure.
V. It can also be used on dried flowers and those plants which loss
of their flower bearing ability.
VI. Also important for home gardening.
7. b) VERMI-WASH:-
Vermiwash
PROCEDURE:-
It is nothing but the extract collected from while preparing the
Vermicompost. The moisture and the body secretion of earthworm
which is leached out from the upper layer to the lower layer of
Vermicompost , is collected in a separate container underlying the
porous Vermicompost jar
IMPORTANCE:-
I. It contains essential plant nutrients like N, P, K, etc and plant
growth hormones like auxins and cytokinin etc.
II. It is inexpensive and economically profitable for a farmer.
8. III. It contains nitrogen fixing bacteria like Azotobacter sp.,
pseudomonas , Agrobacterium sp. and Rhizobium sp. and some
phosphate solubilizing bacteria.
IV. It acts as a liquid fertilizer as well as a plant tonic and helps to
reduce many plant diseases.
V. Also important for home gardening.
HOW TO USE:-
I. We can use it as a foliar spray directly on blossoms and fruits,
mixing 1 lit. of vermiwash @ 10 lit of water
II. A mixture of vermiwash (1litre) with cow urine (1litre) in 10 liters
of water acts as biopesticide and liquid manure.
III. It can be used through sprinkler irrigation, fertigation , mixing 1 lit
@ 10 lit water.
3. ORGANIC MANURE:-
a) KITCHEN WASTE COMPOST:-
Collecting fruit and vegetable waste Put them in a pit for 30 days for decaying
9. PROCEDURE-
I. At first we have to dig a pit about 3-4 fit. in depth,10 fit in
length & 5 fit. In width.
II. Filled the pit with vegetable & fruit wastes
III. We can add 1kg cow dung & 0.5 lit. cow urine in the pit
IV. Mix all of them thoroughly with the help of a garden raker.
V. Cover it with wet jute bags in a shaded place.
VI. We should water it at 3-4 days intervals.
VII. After 30-40 days the kitchen waste compost is ready to be used.
Decompositin process after 15 days Fully decomposed after 1 month
Kitchen waste compost is finally ready
10. IMPORTANCE:-
I. We can easily make a organic manure from our daily kitchen
wastes which is inexpensive and economically profitable for a
farmer.
II. It contains all type of essential nutrients like N, P, K require
for plant growth.
III. It has no side effect and it does not cause soil toxicity.
IV. It promotes the increasement of the growth of PGPR.
V. Also important for home gardening.
b) NEEM COATED FYM:-
Packaged Farmyard-manure(FYM)
PROCEDURE:-
I. At first we have to dig a pit about 3-4 feet. in depth,10 fit in
length & 5 feet. In width.
II. Next fill the dig with 10 kg of cow dung, 2 lit. of cow urine and
neem leaves.
III. Water it at 7 days interval.
IV. Remain all the mixture for 2 to 3 months for decaying.
V. After 2-3 months it is collected and Straws, gravels etc are
separated from the mixture and thus FYM is prepared.
11. IMPORTANCE:-
I. It is an organic manure and has no side effect in comparison
with chemical fertilizer.
II. It contains Neem extract which has antimicrobial and anti fungal
property.
III. It contains all type essential plant macronutrients like N, P, K,
Ca etc.
IV. It is inexpensive and economically profitable for a farmer.
V. Also important for home gardening.
c) PRANMIITTI:-
It is one type organic manure in dust form.
Pranmitti( Organic manure in dust form)
MAKING PROCEDURE:-
I. Take 10 kg of cow dung and 1 lit of cow urine in a pit.
II. Take crop exhaustive after harvesting. (Exhaustive of gram or
exhaustive of mustard or wheat) mix it with the cow dung.
III. We can mix Daal ka aata with it.
12. IV. Mix the whole mixture thoroughly and we should cover it with
wet jute bags.
V. We should water it at 5 days interval.
VI. Allow it for decomposition by microbes for 1 month.
VII. Next we collect the decomposed material and exposed it
medium sun light for drying partially.
VIII. Next we have to dust the dried materials into powder form.
IX. Next we have to separate the soil particles, stone particles, and
gravels through a filter net.
X. Finally the Pran Mitti, in dust form, is ready to be packaged.
HOW TO USE:-
I. It is used as paste or slurry form. The powder is mixed with
required quantity of water and turns it into a paste form. Now it
is ready to be applied.
II. It can be also used as a liquid fertilizer by mixing it with water.
IMPOTANCE:-
I. It is organic manure and has no side effect in comparison with
chemical fertilizer.
II. It contains crop exhaustive, which increase the quality of the
manure.
III. All type essential plant macronutrients like N, P, K, Ca etc.
IV. It is inexpensive and economically profitable for a farmer.
V. Also important for home gardening.
13. d) VERMICOMPOSTING:-
It is made through the culture of nematodes or worms in a storage
container, which should be provided with a roof to protect against
heavy rain and sun light.
Vermicompost
Earth worms
14. PROCEDURE:-
I. Take a Composting Bin.
II. Make a number of pores on the under surface of that bin for
drainage of water.
III. Make a thin layer at the lower portion of the container with crop
exhausts.
IV. Add a thick layer of 7 days old cow dung.
V. Next add 1 kg of earth worms or vermicast.
VI. Cover it with a thin layer of cow dung and Neem leaves.
VII. Next we have to cover it wet jute bags to prevent moisture loss.
VIII. At summer we should water it regularly. The moisture should be
maintained as 40% and the temperature should not be above
400 c.
IX. After a week the worms start to reproduce and multiplication.
X. Within 1-2 months, Vermicompost is prepared, which is nothing
but their excreta and body secretion.
XI. Then we have to separate all the gravels, stones and the crop
exhaustive from the Vermicompost. Now it is ready to be
packaged and marketed.
Vermicompost making is in under processing Phase-1
15. HOW TO USE:-
I. Generally it can be used as 5 ton per hectare for field crop
cultivation.
II. It can be used as 7 ton per hectare for vegetable cultivation.
III. It can be used in Home gardening as and organic manure.
Vermicompost making is in under processing Phase-2
IMPORTANCE:-
I. It has antifungal properity as it contains neem extract and the
body secretion of the earth worm.
II. When it is applied to the plant, it reduces the rate of
Vaporization of irrigation water.. So it can decrease the number
of irrigation.
III. It contains 5 times more Nitrogen , 6 times more Phosphorus
and 4 times more Potash than any other organic compost
IV. It is organic manure and has no side effect in comparison with
chemical fertilizer.
.
V. Increases the nitrogen percentage in soil.
VI. It is inexpensive and economically profitable for a farmer.
16. 4. BIOPESTICIDES:-
a) NEEM PESTICIDE:-
Neem pesticide is fully prepared
COMPOSITION:- Neem leaves+Neem branches+ Garlic+
kanne ki leaves.
PROCEDURE:-
I. Mix all the materials with 2 lit. of waters.
II. Next boil all of them in a container for 15-20 minutes to obtain
the extract from the leaves.
III. Collect the extract and allow it for cooling.
Neem leaves+Garlic leaves Neem stem Boiling all of them for 15 mins
17. HOW TO USE:-
I. Then mix it @ 10 0 mL per lit. of water
II. Pour the solution in a hand sprayer or Knapp-sack sprayer for
folier , blossom and fruit application.
IMPORTANCE:-
I. It is completely a bio pesticide with out any side effect.
II. It contains Neem extract and Allicin (from garlic) , which have
antifungal property.
III. It also has antibacterial and anti-insecticidal property.
IV. Does not cause any toxicity & Bio-magnification.
V. Economically profitable.
VI. Also important for home gardening.
b) GARLIC-NEEM EXTRACT:-
Garlic-Neem pesticide
COMPOSITION:- Garlic extract + neem extract + vegetable
oil + lemon containing liquid soap.
18. PROCEDURE:-
I. Collect garlic pasteby glinding it through a mixer glinder.
II. Add some neem extract with it.
III. Boil the solution for 15 minutes.
IV. Mix some vegetable oil with lime containing liquid soap in an
another container, then mix it with the previous solution after
cooling that solution. Thus the garlic-neem insecticide is ready.
Collecting Garlic extract through mixer gliender
Adding vegetable oil and Lime-liquid soapWith the garlic extract
HOW TO USE:-
I. The whole solution is stirred well and mix 100ml of this
insecticide with 1 lit. of pure water.
II. Then it is poured into a hand sprayer or knap sack sprayer for
folier application.
19. IMPORTANCE:-
I. It works It is completely a bio pesticide with out any side effect.
II. It also has anti-insecticidal property, specially for prevention of
Aphid.
III. Does not cause any toxicity & Bio-magnification.
IV. Economically profitable.
V. Also important for home gardening.
c) TOBACCO-CHILLI EXTRACT:-
Tobacco- Chilli Pesticide
COMPOSITION:- Tobacco extract + Red chilli Extract +
Neem extract
PROCEDURE:-
I. Mix dried tobacco leaf dust with dried red chillis and neem
leaves in 1 lit. of pure water.
II. Remain it for 24 hours to get the extractions from the leaves.
III. Collect the extract.
20. Mixing dry tabocco leaveswith dry red chillies Mixing with water to get extract
HOW TO USE:-
I. Take 100 ml of this water and mix it with 1 lit. of water.
II. Pour this solution in a hand sprayer or knap sack sprayer for
folier application
IMPORTANCE:-
I. It works It is completely a bio pesticide with out any side effect.
II. It containes chilli and tobacco extract , which have antimicrobial
property.
III. It has also has anti-insecticidal property, specially for prevention
of Mealy bugs.
IV. Does not cause any toxicity & Bio-magnification.
V. Economically profitable.
VI. Also important for home gardening.
21. d) NEEMASTRA ( Traditional Neem pesticide):-
Neemastra ( Traditional bio pesticide)
COMPOSITION:- Neem leaves + Dartura leaves and fruits +
Aak leaves + kanne ke pattiya
PROCEDURE:-
I. Mix the leaves of of Neem , Datura, Aak, and Datura fruits
with water make a solution of 1 lit of water with 1 kg of total
leaves.
II. Pour the whole mixture into a pot and cover it with a cloth and
keep it in a dark place for 20 days.
III. Next after 20 days , the solution is boiled for 20 minutes to
develop a concentrated solution.
IV. Collect the extraction.
HOW TO USE:-
I. Mix 100 ml of the solution with 1 lit of water.
II. Pour the solution into a hand sprayer or knap sac sprayer for
foliar application
22. IMPORTANCE:-
I. It is a traditional neem pesticide, called Nimastra, which has
antifungal and anti bacterial property.
II. Does not cause any toxicity & Bio-magnification
III. Economically profitable.
IV. Also important for home gardening.
23. A NEW HORIZON IN FARMING TRADITION
[Bring the agriculture Under Limelight of Biogreenary
Management]
IndanivaDutta K14333
GourabSaha K14332
Rohit Kr Choudhury K14993
Siddhartha Mandal K14424
BiralChoudhury K14293