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The 3-S System of Rice Cultivation Prof. Jin Xueyong Northeastern Agricultural University Haerbin, Heilongjiong Province, China 10th National Workshop on High Yielding Rice, Haerbin

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The ‘3-Super’ System of Improved Cold-Zone Rice Production <ul><li>Use the most productive variety for conditions; usually super hybrid rice variety will be best </li></ul><ul><li>Super-wide spacing between plants – single seedings @ 10,000 plants/mou ( ~ 25x25 cm) </li></ul><ul><li>Farmers will get super yields if using also other favorable growing conditions , such as water management and increased soil organic matter </li></ul>

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Normal 3-S

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水稻三超栽培技术原理 <ul><li>延扩水稻营养时空，释放水稻个体生产力，强化双冠性能，促进水稻 “ 源足、库大、流畅 ” 而大幅度增产。 </li></ul>Field Inspection

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With 3-S, 45-day-old seedlings are transplanted (older seedlings are needed with colder climate) with wide spacing and no flooding of the fields, reducing water by 50% and seed rate by 80-90%

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Seedling for transplanting -- and resulting plants

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Vegetative Growth Vigorous tillering

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Vigorous roots

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3-S roots on right

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3-S with Different Varieties 423

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. 131

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. 422

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水稻优质、高产、抗病新品种 “ 东农 03-33 ”

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3-S has good grain quality

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Vigorous root development while in pots seen on right

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Seedlings are started at the end of winter in plastic greenhouses

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Seedling Production

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Growth in Greenhouses

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Seedlings Bundled for Transplanting

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Wide Spacing of Plants <ul><li>Average spacing 15 cm (13-17 cm) by 40 cm (37-43 cm), 1-2 per hill </li></ul>

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Spacing Comparisons Spacing (cm) Tillers/ m 2 Grains/ panicle Effective tillering% Grain weight (g) Yield (kg/hm 2 ) % Increase 36×17 spacing 440.1 127.5 77.5 25.1 10913.1 -- 43×14 spacing 445.1 133.7 77.0 25.2 11544.7 5.8

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Growth of Plants

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Tillering

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Effects of Plant Density Plants/hill Tillers/ plant Grains/ panicle Fertile tillers (%) Grain weight (g) Yield (kg/hm 2 ) 1 21.7 120.20 89.5% 24.03 11080.92 2 19.6 132.50 88.0% 22.77 10174.15 3 23.2 109.16 82.0% 22.09 9601.42

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<ul><li>May 20-June 2 </li></ul>Transplanting

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Effect of Transplanting Date Date Tillers/m2 Grains/ panicle Effective tillers (%) Grain weight (g) Yield (kg/m 2 ) Rank 5-07 357.0 138.0 79.6 25.4 9960.8 5 5-14 357.0 143.0 81.3 25.6 10625.1 3 5-21 391.0 145.0 81.5 25.9 11967.5 1 5-28 391.0 143.0 81.3 25.7 11682.5 2 6-03 357.0 141.0 79.8 25.7 10323.4 4

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3-S Results

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