2. Agenda
6:30 Introduction/Purpose…………………5 min……...Alan Gibson
6:35 Energy Design ……………………...15min…..….Jeremy Neven
6:55 Solar Thermal…………….………….40min……...Rick Rooney
Break……..…………15 min……
7:45 Geothermal…………….…………40 min…………Michael Tiffe
8:25 Closing……………………………..5 min ………....Alan Gibson
8:30 Networking………………………..30 min
3. Purpose
To provide more indepth knowledge of
solar thermal and geothermal renewable
clean technologies and the process to
implement that will support participant
home heating project actions
To provide points of contact and
resource assistance to participants post
workshop
4. Technical HOW TO Workshops
-Outline-
Follow - up HOW TO workshops focused on :
Home Heating : March 5 from 6:30-8:30 at SLC – Rm 01040
Home Power : March 9 at SLC from 6:30-8:30 in Rm 01040
Biomass and Conservation : March 10 from 6:30- 8:30 in Rm 01040
You will be able to :
decide which system(s) is best for your purposes
compare costs and understand more on grants
evaluate whether you want to do it yourself or
Interact one on one with qualified contractors and how to proceed with your
project
15. Site selection
1. Passive solar angles
2. System solar gains
3. Shadowing
4. Easements
5. Surface water run off
6. Rain water catchment
7. Setbacks
8. Special Considerations
9. Neighbors
16. Orientation
House orientation can cut
A/C loads by more then 1 ton
in some cases.
Facing your house in the right
direction allows for other
systems to take full
advantage of optimum sun
angles.
17. Structural
1. Solar optimization
1. Roof size
2. Roof pitch
3. Mass
4. Overhang
2. Structural loading
1. Additional weight applied by systems on the structure
2. Wind loading
3. Additional Considerations
1. Tower supports
2. Energy storage
18. Heating Systems
Should be the most efficient system
Continues to consume year after year
Needs to be designed to use energy
efficiently
Integrate other systems in the design
phase
19. Cooling Systems
1. Normally the largest electrical draw
2. Typically uses compressors to remove heat
1. True of most Geothermal and air source heat pumps as well
3. Previous considerations should be used to reduce the building loads
4. Are there natural elements that can accomplish all or part
20. Ventilation
Separate from
EXHAUST
HUMIDIFICATION
DEHUMIDIFICATION
FILTRATION
Required for the health of the home and occupants
•Negative Pressure
•Positive Pressure
•HRV
22. PROPER DESIGN
Many considerations prior to the start of
any project
Make sure the project “fits you”
Know who your dealing with and their
qualifications
Make sure all systems compliment each
other
26. Who we are
•Kingston Based Company
•We design, install, and service all types of
Solar Thermal, PV, and Wind power systems
•To Date we have designed and installed over 550 solar thermal collectors
27. Solar Energy
Two types of Solar Energy: Light and Heat
PV (Solar Electric) uses the photovoltaic effect (discovered
1839) to change solar energy into electricity (10-15%
efficient)
Solar Thermal captures the solar heat energy for water
or space heating (50-85% efficient)
28. Solar Trends
•Solar power world wide has grown over 40% per year
for the last 6 years
•Technology is advancing and the price per Kw to
produce energy by solar is dropping
•An aging conventional electricity industry coupled
with growing air quality
concerns is driving growth in solar power.
•Rising fuel prices are making solar competitive
29. Solar Thermal : Types
•SDHW = Solar Domestic Hot Water
•Combi Systems= SDHW and space heating
•Solar Air Heating Systems
•Solar Pool Heating Systems
30. Solar Thermal : Types
HEATING LOAD
DHW LOAD
SOLAR SUPPLY
COOLING LOAD
Jan Mar Jun Sept Dec
43. SDHW : Types
Things to consider:
1. Aesthetics of the system
2. Space on roof
3. Direction of roof face
4. Potential shading
5. Storage tank space
6. Pipe run location
44. SDHW and Heating combi systems
•2 typical types are Flat Plate and Evacuated Tube systems
45. SDHW and Heating combi systems
•SDHW with Space heating and pool heating
46. Solar Thermal : Types
HEATING LOAD
DHW LOAD
SOLAR SUPPLY
Jan Mar Jun Sept Dec
52. Maintenance Requirements
•SDHW systems need a glycol test every 3 years, may need to be replaced
at a cost of $100- 150 for the visit
•Pool systems will require proper draining every fall. This may require
an annual service visit if roof draining is required
53. Current Incentives
Residential:
•EcoEnergy for Homes will pay $1000 for SDHW system
•PST rebate on the purchase of any solar thermal system
•Renovation tax credit of 15% (after first $1000) up to a total of $1000
•Utilities Kingston SDHW rental program
Commercial:
•EcoEnergy for Heat will pay roughly 35 – 55% of a solar thermal system
to a maximum of $80,000 per project
55. Case Study
•2- 4 X 8 panels captures approximately 3900 Kilowatt hours of thermal
energy per year
•At 11 cents per kWh for electricity
Annual savings = $427 per year
Initial investment = $6350
Rebates available = $1000 EcoEnergy = OSTHI
$772.50 tax refund
$193.73 PST rebate
Total out of pocket cost= $4357.00
•Return on investment = 16.7%
•Payback period = 7.4 years
57. Case Study 2
8 panel pool system offsetting natural gas heated pool
58. Case Study
•8- 4 X 10 pool panels captures approximately 9510 Kilowatt hours of
thermal energy per year
•At 48 cents per cubic meter for gas
Annual savings = $763 per year
Initial investment = $4900
Rebates available = $585.00 tax refund
$147.00 PST rebate
Total out of pocket cost= $4168.00
•Return on investment = 23.7%
•Payback period = 5.0 years
61. Case Study
•1- 4 X 8 Solar Sheat panels captures approximately 2500 Kilowatt hours
of thermal energy per year
•At 48 cents per cubic meter for gas
Annual savings = $200 per year
Initial investment = $2450
Rebates available = $217.50 tax refund
$73.50 PST rebate
Total out of pocket cost= $2159
•Return on investment = 9.3%
•Payback period = 10.7 years
62. CONCLUDING REMARKS:
Solar Thermal is the most cost effective
renewable energy systems available to
the residential consumer.
Solar thermal systems are cost effective
with returns on investment of over 10%
Of the solar thermal technologies pool
heating has the best payback
65. Geo-Thermal or Geo-Exchange?
Geo-exchange systems refer to heat pump systems
connected to the earth to provide a source for energy
Date as far back as 1912
Gained significant market acceptance in the 1970’s
The 1980’s saw large uptake in installations and presently
the new grants available have seen a resurrection in
popularity.
The technology transfers heat from or to the earth/water to
provide space conditioning at greater efficiencies than a
conventional system
Maybe renewable maybe not
66. Benefits Of Geo-exchange
Low Life Cycle Cost
Lower operating and maintenance costs
Improved comfort
Small equipment size (physical)
Improved aesthetic design (no visible outdoor equipment
or visible wall penetrations)
No noisy outdoor fan, more peaceful backyard
Protected from vandalism
Increased equipment life span
Heating can be up to 400% efficient
Cooling can be up to 300% efficient
67. Disadvantages Of Geo-exchange
Higher initial installation cost
Lower supply air temperatures
Increased airflow requirements
Landscaping costs
Possible backup system needed
Circulating anti-freeze solution
68. Available Systems
•GCHP – Ground coupled Heat Pump
•is where the heat pump cycle is direct linked to a
closed ground heat exchanger buried in the soil.
•GWHP- Ground Water Heat Pump
•where one of the heat exchangers is water cooled and
the water is pumped from/to wells within the earth via
open or closed pumping.
•SWHP – Surface Water Heat Pump
•is where one of the heat exchangers is water cooled
and the water is either closed loop or open loop
pumped to/from a surface water body.
•GHP- Geothermal Heat Pump
•is a widely used term which could reference any of the
above or the water flow through buried loops.
69. Open vs Closed Loop
•Open Systems
Usually utilize surface water bodies or well water fields
More dependent on climate as water temperatures
fluctuate to a higher degree
Potential for contamination
•Closed Loop Systems
Greater flexibility in usage
Usually have higher pumps requirements
Anti-freeze is usually required
More stable loop temperature with some designs
70. Open Loop
•Advantages
Installation costs are less than
closed loop
Pumping costs are typically less
•Disadvantages
Typically limited to smaller systems
Climate conditions can limit usage
Environmental issues
Fouling is a large maintenance
issue
71. Closed Loop - Vertical
•Advantages
Requires the least amount of land
Lease amount of total piping
Can require the least amount of
pumping energy
•Disadvantages
Drilling costs are high
Back filling requires special material
& skill
Potential for heat build-up
72. Closed Loop - Horizontal
•Advantages
Trenching costs are less than
drilling costs
Heat build up is not as sensitive as
vertical loop
•Disadvantages
Requires more land
Greater ground temperature
variance
Typically more piping is required
Greater risk of piping damage
during backfilling
73. Closed Loop – Slinky/Spiral
•Advantages
Requires less land & trenching than
horizontal
Less installed cost than horizontal
•Disadvantages
Still requires more land than vertical
loops
Requires more piping than
horizontal & vertical loops
Typically higher pumping
requirements
74. Ground Temperature
Month
J F M A M J J A S O N D
92
Ground Surface
Undisturbed Ground
82 2 FT
Temperature ( F)
5 FT
72 12 FT
62
52
Green Line = Outside Air Temp
42
32
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360
Day of the Year
75. Installation Issues
•Vertical? Horizontal? Surface
Water?
•How much space is required?
•Ground Properties
•Soil/rock type
•Ground water
•Heat exchanger Design?
•Piping/borehole layout
•Heat transfer fluid?
•Bore Hole Drilling
•Noise
•Cleanup
•Access
77. Installation Issues
•Building Code
•Permit?
•Local Bylaws?
•Drawings?
•Inspection of Work
•Certificate of Installation
•CSA C448 Standard
78. Operating Costs
Compared to the same output gas fired heating system,
the cost of operation might be reduced by 66%
79. Government Incentives
•Federal
•EcoEnergy Retrofit
•Up to $3500 for Earth energy systems (CSA-C448 compliant)
•Must have EcoEnergy audit performed
•www.ecoaction.gc.ca
•Provincial
•Ontario Home Energy Retrofit program
•Matches EcoEnergy grants
•http://www.homeenergyontario.ca/
80. Cost Calculations
•Vertical Drilling
•$15-$20 per foot
•Depth 200 to 300 feet
•5 or 6 holes required
•Horizontal Trenching
• 1200-1600 feet of piping
• 5-6 feet deep
• 2 foot wide
• 600- 800 foot trench
• $2-$3 per foot
81. Cost Calculations
•Installation costs:
$20K to $30K for a 3-4 ton system
Viewed as the primary barrier
Much higher than the new generation of high
efficiency air source heat pumps and gas furnaces
• Energy cost savings:
Most significant when replacing electric resistance or
heating oil
Marginal to no savings when compared high
efficiency air source heat pumps and gas
furnaces/AC systems
Highly dependant on the price of electricity vs natural
gas/heating oil
82. Getting Your Project Done
•Assessing Needs
•Land area? Water Source? Heat Loss/Heat Gain
•Specification of Equipment
•Acquiring Approvals
•Municipal
•Project Planning
•Engaging Contractors
•Multiple bids
•References
•Accreditation
•Follow-ups & Maintenance
•Service contract
83. Case Study
•Typical system
•High-efficiency furnace $3,600
•Hot water tank $2,000
•Central air $3,000
•Geo-exchange System
•Heat Pump $10,000
•Ground loop $16,000
•Hot Water Tank $1,500
•Operating Costs
•Typical System $2,350
•Heat Pump System $1,600
84. CONCLUDING REMARKS:
What type of system?
Higher installation costs
Need qualified contractors for grants
Long equipment lifespan
Low Life Cost
85. Closing
Purpose /products review
Feedback forms please
Further resource support requirements
Our support
86. Brought to you by:
SWITCH - The Sustainable Energy People
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