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AI and Blockchain
- 2. < >
- 3. Takes the state as of now or data from the past and try to predict the future or infer some knowledge, so to create autonomous and intelligent machines Links the present to the past data in such a way to allow individuals to perform digital transactions in simultaneously anonymous, transparent and tamper- proof way, so to enable trust AI Blockchain
- 5. AI
- 6. 1936 1997 20162011 1950 Turing Test 1981 1958 First Chess Program AI as research 1956 2006 20181998 IBM Jeopardy! Google AlphaGo OCR Navigation IBM DeepBlue Google Car 2012 Autoencoders History of AI
- 7. Three stages of AI ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MACHINE LEARNING DEEP LEARNING Ø Search and Planning Algorithms Ø Machine Learning Ø Deep Neural Networks
- 9. AI – Machine Learning 9 Ø Supervised learning Ø Unsupervised learning Ø Ensemble methods Ø Data Science SVM Linear K-Means k = 3
- 10. Brain Artificial Neural Network AI – Deep Neural Networks
- 11. AI – Deep Neural Networks
- 12. IBM Data Science Traditional Machine Learning Watson Platform and APIs Conversation and NLP Watson Health, Watson Finance
- 13. Use Cases Horizontal Applications Data Science and AI IDE Operating Infrastructure Developer Tools IBM AI
- 14. GOOGLE Big Data AI Research Deep Learning Free Services Business Model Advertising
- 15. Challenges Ø Bias Ø General Intelligence Ø Social Impact Ø Privacy
- 16. BLOCKCHAIN
- 17. Blockchain – What is it useful for ? Ø Preserve value Ø Distributed economy Ø Remove middlemen
- 18. The Case for Blockchain Ø Data ownership Ø Data privacy insured Ø Data integrity ensured Ø Automation and touchless integration through smart contracts Ø No single-point of failure or attack Ø Collaboration of an entire ecosystem
- 19. Blockchain Applications Ø Financial Services Ø Central Banks Ø Trade Finance Ø Payment Applications Ø Cross-border payments Ø Supply Chains Ø Product Provenance Tracking Ø Public Administration Ø Identity Management Ø IoT Applications Ø Agriculture Ø Sustainability Ø Healthcare
- 20. 1997 OctDec Smart contract by Nick Szabo Jan 2009 July 2015 History of Blockchain July Bitcoin Ethereum Hyperledger R3 distributed ledger JulyFebSep China bans ICOs June 2016 DAO attack Jan Zug Crypto Valley 2017 2018 Blockchain Votation Mar Japanese mobile payment app 2012 Ripple Ethereum Enterprise Alliance FINMA guidelines “Cryptowinter” Singapore Bank project Nov Food Trust
- 21. Investing in Blockchain Ø ICOs : Ø 2017 : 966 ICOs for total of $10B Ø 2018 : 2’284 ICOs for total of $11.4B Ø Primarily in US, SG, UK and CH But both private funding and ICOs are dropping dramatically in 2019
- 22. Reasons for ICO Failure Ø ICOs funding model stimulated hype rather than innovation Ø No advantage of new apps over existing solutions Ø Ignorance of government regulation Ø Influx of private blockchains Ø Clients want near-term results
- 23. ETHEREUM ü 49 million unique Ethereum addresses ü 1.5 million deployed smart contracts ü 1.2 million calls to smart contracts per day ü 96% of the tokens are built off Ethereum ü 2,286 live dApps across the blockchain ecosystem ü Number of developers is estimated at >300'000 ü Market capitalization: $14B ü Price of Ether : $132.6 ü Blockchain size: 194 GB with 7.4 M blocks, ü Block size: 17MB ü 268 blocks per hour ü 8'658 nodes (40% in the US, 16% in China
- 24. Ethereum - How it works DApp web3.js html, JS Wallet server Block 1 Header Hash Transactions Root State Root Receipts Root Parent Code Hash Smart Contract Code Block Block 2 Header Hash Parent Block 3 Header Hash Parent Ethereum Node Ethereum Node Ethereum Node Ethereum Node Ethereum Node External Data Transactions … …
- 25. Ethereum Governance Ø There major releases Ø In-between hard forks Ø ERCs, EIPs Ø Ethereum Foundation, Parity Ø Decision making process Ø Ethereum Enterprise Alliance
- 26. Other Public Blockchain Projects Ø Bitcoin’s future Ø High performance blockchains Ø EOS, NEO, IOTA etc Ø Public permissioned : Ripple, Stellar Ø Blockstack, FileCoin, Tezos.. Ø Stable coins, gold coins Ø Decentralized Exchanges
- 27. Special Announcement • IBM Blockchain World Wire for cross-border payments • As of today available in 72 countries in 47 currencies • Based on Stellar public permissioned blockchain • Full story on : https://www.ibm.com/blockchain/solutions/world-wire
- 28. Challenges Ø Scalability Ø Security Ø Diversity of contracts Ø GDPR compatibility Ø Public chains not a preferred choice for B2B Ø Quantum algorithms
- 29. HYPERLEDGER Ø Private permissioned blockchain or DLT Ø 250 members in Hyperledger foundation Ø Projects like: Ø Food Trust Ø Health Network Ø Supply chain
- 30. Other Private Blockchain Projects Ø Corda R3 Ø JP Morgan’s Quorum Ø Microsoft Azure BaaS
- 31. State of the industry Ø Market value forecast at $23B in 2024 Ø 135 projects in production in 2018 (increase from 4 to 5%) Ø IBM dominates the market (32%) Ø Followed by Microsoft, Accenture, Deloitte, EY, Infosys .. Ø China Ø Vision of secure sharing of the assets across enterprises, government agencies, and the public
- 33. Case 1 Integrate AI and Blockchain features in application logic Example: IBM Crypto Anchor Verifier Ø Uses AI to recognize counterfeits and record the items in blockchain
- 34. Case 2 Use AI tools to develop and manage Blockchain Apps Example: MatrixAI Ø Uses AI for security hardening of blockchain smart contracts Source: MatrixAI White paper
- 35. Case 3 Use Blockchain to provide AI services Example: Cortex Project Ø Public chain with GPU nodes for on-chain ML models
- 36. 36 AI & BLOCKCHAIN Sasha Lazarevic, IBM Switzerland https://www.linkedin.com/in/lzrvc/ LZRVC.com IBM Watson