1.
DR.
MANMOHAN SINGH
(EX PM OF INDIA)
BY:
RAJKUMAR,
SHIVASAINI,
SAURABH SINGH,
SAURABHKUNTAL
& VISHNUTHAKUR

2.
Personal background
• Manmohan Singh was born to Gurmukh Singh
and Amrit Kaur on 26 September 1932,in Gah,
Punjab (now in Chakwal District, Pakistan),
British India, into a Sikh family.
• He lost his mother when he was very young, and
he was raised by his paternal grandmother, to
whom he was very close. He was a hard working
student who studied by candlelight, as his village
did not have electricity.

3.
• After the Partition of India, he migrated to
Amritsar, India, where he studied at Hindu
College.
• Married in the year 1958 to
Smt. Gursharan Kaur.
• Dr. singh is having 3 daughters

4.
ACADEMIC RECORD
• 1962: D. Phil., Nuffield College, University of Oxford. Topic:
India's Export Trends and Prospects for Self- Growth.
[Published by Clarendon Sustained Press, Oxford, 1964]
• 1957: Economic Tripos [First Class honours], University of
Cambridge
• 1954: M.A. Economics, Punjab University - First Class with
first position in the University
• 1952: B.A. Economics (Hons.), Punjab University - Second
Class with first position in the University
• 1950: Intermediate, Punjab University - First Class with first
position in the University
• 1948: Matriculation, Punjab University - First class

5.
WORK EXPERIENCE AND
POSITIONS HELD
 1957 - 1965: Punjab University, Chandigarh
 1957-59 :Senior Lecturer in Economics
 1959-63: Reader in Economics
 1963-65: Professor of Economics
 1966-1969: UNCTAD, United Nations
Secretariat, New York Chief, Financing for Trade
Section 1966: Economic Affairs Officer

6.
 1969-1971: Professor of International Trade, Delhi
School of Economics, Delhi University, India
 1971 - 1972: Economic Adviser, Ministry of Foreign
Trade, India
 1972-1976: Chief Economic Adviser, Ministry of
Finance, India
 Nov.1976 - April 1980: Secretary, Ministry of
Finance Dept. of Economic Affairs
 April 1980 - Sept 1982: Member-Secretary,
Planning Commission, India

7.
 Sept 1982 - Jan 1985: Governor, Reserve Bank of
India
 Jan 1985- July 1987: Dy. Chairman,
Planning Commission of India
 August 1987 - Nov 1990: and Commissioner,
South Commission Secretary General
 Dec 1990 - March 1991: Advisor to Prime Minister
of India on Economic Affairs
 March 1991-June 1991: Chairman, University
Grants Commission
 September, 1991: Elected Member of Rajya Sabha

8.
 June, 1995: Re-elected Members of
Rajya Sabha for a term of six years

9.
 June 21, 1991- May 15, 1996
Finance Minister of India

10.
ECONOMIC
REFORMS
SINCE 90’s

11.
LIBERALIZATION
• Simply speaking liberalization means
to free to economy from the control
imposed b the govt. before 1991, Govt.
1. Independent determination of interest rate.
2. Freedom to import capital goods
3. Freedom from monopolies Act
4. Freedom to import Technical Know-how
5. Removal of industrial Licensing and
Registration.

12.
PRIVATISATION
• Simply speaking privatisation means
permitting the private sector to set up
industries which were previously reserved
for the public sector.
1. Sale of shares.
2. Disinvestment in PSU’s
3. Minimization of public sector.
Number of industries reserved for public
sector was reduced from 17 to 4.

13.
GLOBALISATION
Globalisation means the establishment of
relation of the economy with world
economy in regard to foreign investment,
trade, production, and financial matter.
1. Reduction in tariffs
2. Long term trade policy
3. Partial convertibility
4. Increase in equity limit of foreign
investment

14.
Work as Finance Minister
 India's fiscal deficit was close to 8.5 % of the GDP, the
balance of payments deficit was huge and the current
account deficit was close to 3.5 percent of India's GDP.
India's foreign reserves barely amounted to US$1 billion,
enough to pay for a few weeks of imports, in
comparison to US$283 billion today.
 Liberalisation of Foreign Policy. The limit of foreign
equity was raised to 100% in many activities, i.e.,
NRI and foreign investors were permitted to invest
in Indian companies.
 New economic policy.
 dismantled License Raj.

15.
 slowly opened the Indian economy to foreign investment
and business competition.
 Rao and Singh thus implemented policies to open up the
economy and change India's socialist economy to a more
capitalistic one, in the process dismantling the License Raj,
a system that inhibited the prosperity of private
businesses. They removed many obstacles standing in
the way of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and initiated
the process of the privatisation of public sector companies
 In 1993, Singh offered his resignation from the post of
Finance Minister after a parliamentary investigation report
criticised his ministry for not being able to anticipate a
US$1.8 billion securities scandal.

16.
 August 1, 1996 - Dec 4, 1997: Chairman, Parliamentary
Standing Committee on Commerce, Rajya Sabha
 June, 2001: Re-elected as member of Rajya Sabha for a
term of six years
 March 21, 1998 - May 22,2004: Leader of Opposition, Rajya
Sabha (Council of States) Parliament of India

17.
May 22,2004 – May 26,2014
The Prime Minister of India

18.
Work as PM
Economic policy
 liberalised the Indian economy, allowing it to speed up
development.
 In 2007, India achieved its highest GDP growth rate of
9% and became the second fastest growing major
economy in the world.
 continued the Golden Quadrilateral and the highway
modernization program that was initiated by
Vajpayee's government.
 working on reforming the banking and financial
sectors, as well as public sector companies.

19.
 In 2005, Singh's government introduced the
value added tax, replacing sales tax.
 In 2007 and early 2008, the global problem of
inflation impacted India. New

20.
Healthcare and education
 In 2005, National Rural Health Mission
was started.
 announced that eight more IIT will be
opened.
 continued the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
programme, begun by his predecessor,
Mr. Vajpayee.

21.
 The programme has included the introduction
and improvement of mid-day meals and the
opening of schools all over India, especially
in rural areas, to fight illiteracy.
 National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
(NREGA)
 The Right to Information Act were passed by
the Parliament in 2005 during his tenure

22.
Security, Foreign and Home Affairs

23.
 Manmohan Singh administration initiated a massive
reconstruction effort in Kashmir to stabilize the region but
after some period of success, infiltration and terrorism in
Kashmir has increased since 2009
 Singh's government has been criticized by
parties for revoking POTA and for the many bomb blasts
in various cities, like in Mumbai, Bangalore, Hyderabad,
Ahmadabad, Delhi, Jaipur, etc.
 After the Mumbai terror attacks in 2008, a National
Investigation Agency (NIA) was set up to face these challenges.
 The most controversial Indo-US Civilian Nuclear Deal,
which was strongly opposed by other parties, was signed
under his governance.

24.
Honours & awards

25.
1. 2014 Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers by govt of Japan
2. 1996 Honorary Professor, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi
3. 1995 Jawaharlal Nehru Birth Centenary Award of the Indian Science Congress Association
for 1994-95
4. 1994 Asiamoney Award, Finance Minister of the Year 1994
5. Elected Honorary Fellow, Nuffield College, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
6. 1993 Euromoney Award, Finance Minister of the year 1993
7. Asiamoney Award, Finance Minister of the Year 1987
8. Padma Vibhushan Award by the President of India 1986
9. National Fellow, National Institute of Education, N.C.E.R.T.
10. 1982 Elected Honorary Fellow, St. John's College, Cambridge.
11. 1982 Elected Honorary Fellow, Indian Institute of Bankers
12. 1957 Elected Wrenbury Scholar, University of Cambridge, U.K.
13. 1955 Distinguished Performance, St. John's College, Cambridge, U.K. Awarded Wright's
Prize
14. 1956 Awarded Adam Smith Prize, University of Cambridge, U.K.
15. 1954 Uttar Chand Kapur Medal, Punjab University, for standing first in M.A. (Economics),
Punjab University, Chandigarh
16. 1952 University Medal for standing First in B.A. Hon. (Economics), Punjab University,
Chandigarh.

26.
THANK
YOU
Presented By:
RAJKUMAR,
SHIVA SAINI,
SAURABH
& VISHNU