A brief presentation on Composite Materials Used in Aerospace Industryby students of Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology (AUST)

1. Under guidance of
Avishek Kumar Ghosh
Asst. Professor,
Department Of Mechanical & Production Engineering,
Ahsanullah University OF Science & Technology
Minhajul Haque-(13.02.08.012)
A.R. Antu-(13.02.08.013)
Shayel Khan-(13.02.08.049)
Mahedi Islam Rizvi-(13.02.08.057)

2. Contents:-
 Introduction to composites
 Applications of composites in aerospace
 Composites in commercial & military
aircrafts
 Composites in Martian suits
 Advantages & disadvantages of
composites
 Future challenges & opportunities
 Conclusion

3. What are composites?
 A composite material is composed at least two
elements working together to produce material
properties that are totally different to the properties
of those elements on their own.
 A composite material has two phases:
 Continuous phases-(metal , ceramics & polymer
matrix).
 Dispersed phase-(glass fiber ,organic fiber).

4. Characteristics of composite materials:-
 Composites have the following
characteristics:-
 Microscopically it is non-homogeneous material and
has distinct surface interface.
 There are big differences in the performance of
composite materials.
 The formed materials should have a great improvement
in performance.
 Volume fraction of components is larger than 10%.

5. Why composites in Aerospace
industry?
 The main aim of the aerospace/aircraft
industries is to reduce weight keeping
the same or more strength than the
regular metals have.
 This criteria leads to use the composite
material.

6. There are also some reasons why composite
materials are selected for aerospace
applications-
1) High strength to weight
ratio (low density with high
tensile strength).
2) High creep resistance.
3) High tensile strength at
elevated temperature.
4) High toughness.

7. Material Evaluation:
Stone age
Bronze age
Iron age
Steel age
Plastic age
Silicon age
Designer materials age
Material Ages
of man

8. Types Of Composites Used:
 Fiber glass.
 CFRP
 QFRP
 GFRP
 GLARE

9. Application of Composites In
Aerospace:
 Fuselage (Bulkhead)
 Wing flaps.
 Rudder.
 Elevators.
 Radome.
 Spuilers.
 Floor beams and panels.
 Helicopter main and tail rotor blades.
 Space vehicles: missiles,rockets etc.

10. Reinforced materials used in
aerospace:-

11. Aircraft composite contents:-
 Graph shows:-
 Civil aircraft in black ,
military in purple.
 Historically military
used mare composite
than civil.
 Since 2005,civil aircraft
have dramatically
increased the
composite content.
 Airbus has relatively
steadily increased its
usage of composites
over the years.
 Boeing jumped from
12% composite by
weight in the 787.

12. Examples of use of composite
in aircrafts: commercial &
military
 Commercial:
 Boeing 777
 Boeing 787 “”Dreamliner””
 Airbus A380
 Military:
 B-2 Bomber
 LCA Tejas (HAL)

13. Boeing 777 composite structure

14. Boeing 787 Dreamliner:

15. Airbus A-380 composite
components:

16. B2-BOMBER:-

17. LCA Tejas (HAL):-

18. Composite used in Martian
suit:
 To maintain the
atm pressure
inside the suit.
 To prevent
deadly cosmic
rays and
gravity that is
just 38% that
of Earth’s.

19. Composite used in Martian
suit:
 Constructed with
carbon fibre
composite
materials and two
types of nylon.
 suit weight about
45 pounds (135
pounds on Mars)
and comes in 16
pieces.

20. Space Vehicles composite
structure:
 Used to manufacture Rocket and
Missiles motor cases.
 Materials for this are carbon ,aramid
and glass.
 Composites like carbon-carbon are used
to manufacture re-entry nose tips and
heat shields.

21. Advantages of composite
material over metal:
 Light weight.
 High heat resistance.
 High strength to weight ratio.
 Low density.
 Corrosion resistance.
 High stiffness.
 Fatigue resistance.

22. Disadvantages of composite
materials:
 Use of composite is more challenging to
design.
 NDT test for composite material is much
more difficult as compared to metals.
 Delamination of layers.
 High cost.
 Damage tolerance.
 Need specialized repair techniques.

23. Future involvement of
composite:
 Honeycomb
structure.
 Hybrid composite
materials.
 Advanced designs
through simulation.
 Investigations into
damage tolerance of
bonded repairs by
test and simulation.

24. CONCLUSION
 Composite material will play an
increasingly significant role in aerospace
application.
 B787,A350-XWB used more than 50%
composite materials.
 With their unique combination of properties
such as low weight , high strength , low
flammability , smoke density and heat
release , non toxicity and durability ,
composite are ideal for many aerospace
application both for interior and exterior
components.