HERE THE NATURAL PRODUCT SERTIA CHIRATA IS DISCUSSED WITH ITS COMMON NAME, CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS, SAR, MEDICINAL ACTIVITY AND MORE

1. SWERTIA CHIRATA

2. Synonyms: Swertia chirata, Ophelia chirata
Common name: Chirayita
Botanical name: Swertia chirayita
Family: Gentianaceae
Geographic region: Plant is native of India and generally grow
in mountainous region of North India
Uses :
•Hypoglycemic property that helps in controlling blood sugar
level in the body
B.S: It consist of dried entire herb of Swertia chirata
• Hepatoprotective, antihepatotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-
inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, antileprosy, hypoglycemic,
antimalarial, antioxidant, anticholinergic, CNS depressant and
mutagenicity

3. Chemical Constituents:
•Xanthones are main secondary metabolites of Swertia species
•Xanthone derivatives chiratol, mangiferin, swertianin,
chiratanin, and chiratenol
• Amarogentin,Swertiamarin
•1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone
•Bellidifolin
•Isobellidifolin

4. ISOLATION:
30g powdered sample of both leaf and stem
Extracted in 50 ml of methanol separately using Soxhlet (48 hrs)
Cooled at room temperature, filtered through Whatmann No. 1 filter paper
Evaporated
Dried extracts
High speed counter current chromatography

6. MOA: Swerchirin
stimulating insulin release from islets of pancreas
lowers blood glucose
enhance insulin signaling
Increase glucokinase (GK) activities
Methylswertianin and bellidifolin

7. Essential for activity
-OH not very much
important
OH essential for
hypoglycemic activity
Substitution of -OCH3 make
comp. more active than -
OH substitution
SAR:

8. methylswertianin
1,8-dihydroxy-
2,6-dimethoxyxanthen-9-one
Bellidifolin
1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthen-9-
one
demethylbellidifolin
1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxyxanthen-9-one
Swerchirin
1,8-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthen-9-one

9. Mangiferin
Inhibit protein tyrosine
phosphatase1B (PTP1B)
Treat Type 2 DM
Negative regulator of insulin signaling pathway
MOA: