Biomechanics

1. 1
Presentation on
Structural Behavior of
Bones in Human Body
By:
Shubham Satish Babar
Department of Civil Engineering
2016-17

2. Contents -
2
 Introduction
 Bone
 Loads on Bones
 Bone Structure and Mechanical property
 Failure
 In Human Skeleton
 In RC frame system
 Repair technique to failure
 Case study
 Conclusion

3. Introduction -
3
 Behaviour of Structure is very similar to behaviour
of Human Body structure
 The forces affecting on the behaviour of RC
structure is similar to the forces acting on human
body structure, but with different intensity
 Performance of Reinforcement in RC structures
are same as performance of Bones in human
body
 Strength to human body structure is provided by
Bones

4. 4
Purposes of Bone
 Provides mechanical support
 Produces red blood cells
 Protects internal organs
 Provides rigid mechanical links and muscle
attachment sites
 Facilitates muscle action and body movement
 Serves as active ion reservoir for calcium and
phosphorus

5. Composition and Structure of Bone
 Consists of cells and an organic extracellular
matrix of fibers and ground substance
 High content of inorganic materials (mineral salts
combined with organic matrix)
 Organic component  flexible and resiliant
 Inorganic component  hard and rigid
 Mineral portion of bone primarily calcium and
phosphate (minerals 65-70% of dry weight)
 Bone is reservoir for essential minerals (e.g.,
calcium)
5

6. 6
 Gravity force
 Body forces
 Moment when walking, running, jumping
 Pulling in (Compression)
 Pulling out (Tension)
 More than 70% of Bending moments on a
bone are transmitted by muscle force rather
than body weight
Forces acting on joints (Bone) -

7. 7
Load Deformation Testing
Bone Steel Bar

8. 8
Load Deformation Curve -
Bone RC Material
Courtesy- Structure and Function of the
Musculoskeletal System by Professor Alan Hedge

9. 9
Properties of Stiffness and Brittle/Ductile
•Metal – large plastic
region
•Virtually no plastic region
in glass
•Stress-strain curve of
bone not linear
•Yielding of bone tested
in tension caused by
debonding of osteons at
cement lines and micro
fractures

10. 10
Relationships of Age to Stress-
Strain Characteristics of Bone
Courtesy- Structure and Function of the
Musculoskeletal System by Professor Alan Hedge

11. Age vs Strength Graph -
11
Courtesy - JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL
RESEARCH Volume 12, Number 10, 1997
Bone RC Section

12. Age Effect -
12
  brittleness
  strength
 ( cancellous bone & thickness of cortical bone)
  ultimate strain
  energy storage
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89
Age (yrs)
Stress(MPa)
Femur - Yield Tibia - Yield Femur - Ultimate Tibia - Ultimate

13. Load on Foot bone -
13

14. Load on Foot bone -
14
Load vs Time graph of 30 kg female while walking -

15. 15
Stress vs Time graph of 30 kg female while walking and runnin

16. Fracture Mechanism
16
 Repetitive stress

17. 17
Failure in RC Beam -

18. 18
A bending load at three points creates fracture in ski boots
and occurs when the ski is detained abruptly

19. 19
A torsion strength applied to the bone creates a shear stress to t

20. Failure in Bones -
20

21. Repair technique in RC Frame -
21

22. 22
Repair technique in Human Body
-

23. 23

24. Conclusion -
24
 Structural behavior of bones in human body is
behave live same exactly as reinforcement
concrete sections and materials
 Bone have all mechanical properties same as
materials used in structural elements of building
and it obey the Hook’s Law
 Material properties of bone are varies with
respect to age
 Repair techniques in RC frame are same as
Human body repair techniques

25. REFERENCES -
25
1. FRACTURE HEALING by Dr. Nuri Aydın, Assoc.
Prof. Istanbul University Cerrahpasa School of
Medicine
2. Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal
System by Professor Alan Hedge
3. O'Connor M, Shercliff T, Goodfellow J. The
mechanics of the knee in the sagittal plane:
mechanics, interactions between muscles,
ligaments, and the articular surfaces. In: Muller W,
HW, eds. Surgery and arthroscopy of the knee. New
York: Springer Verlag, 19881
4. Commentary on Muscle Strength, Bone Mass, and
Age-Related Bone Loss by DAVID B. BURR in
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
Volume 12, Number 10, 1997 Blackwell Science,
Inc.

26. Thank You…
26