Automated parking system

AUTOMATED PARKING SYSTEM1
 CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS- VII

INTRODUCTION
 The growing population of India has created many problems - one of
the challenging ones being car parking which we confront almost
every day.
 Automated Car Parking is a method of automatically parking and
retrieving cars that typically use a system of pallets and lifts. The
intention is to compact more cars in the same space, reduce the
space needed to park the same number of cars. Automated car
parks can be situated above or below ground or a combination of
both.
 They serve advantages like safety, saving of space, time and fuel
(since one does not have to drive around for locating space) but also
need to have an extra and a very detailed assessment of the parking
required, space availability and traffic flow.
 These can be further categorized into fully automatic or semi-
automatic systems.

ADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATED PARKING
Multi-level parking systems for sometime have provided relief since they
come with a number of advantages –
 The parked cars and their contents are more secure since there is no public
access to parked cars
 Only minimal ventilation and lighting systems are needed.
 Lower maintenance and operational cost.
 Minor parking lot damage such as scrapes and dents are eliminated.
 More parking in less space.
 Eliminating the need for ramps, aisles, passenger lifts & stairs.
 Comfortable for the drivers & cars are more secured.
 Cost saving for builders by saving height or depth.
 Lower ceiling requirements
 Dense depth-to-depth and bumper-to-bumper parking is possible.

HISTORY
 Automated parking systems first appeared in Europe as early as the
1900’s and in the North America in the 1920’s. The need for
automated parking systems then is the same as it is now: maximize
the value of available land by condensing parking.
 The 1950’s saw the peak of the industry in North America with a
number of high profile systems built but demand in Japan, Korea and
parts of Europe.
 The technology has been around for a long time.
 Widely used in the other parts of the Country and the World.

Installed Automated Parking
Systems (North America)

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AUTOMATIC AND
TRADITIONAL PARKING SYSTEM
 There is a greater sense of security due to the fact that patrons do
not actually walk to and from their own space.
 There is high parking efficiency .
 There is no need for driving while looking for an available space.
 The patrons wait for their car in a highly controlled environment.
 There are less chances for vehicle vandalism.
 There is a minimal staff requirement if it is used by known parkers.
 There is an easier facade integration since there are no ramping
floors or openings in exterior walls.
AUTOMATIC PARKING SYSTEM:
ADVANTAGES:

DISADVANTAGES:
 There is a greater construction cost per space (but this may be
offset by the chance for lesser land costs per space and the system
manufacturers say that the operating and maintenance cost will be
lower as compared to a conventional ramped parking structure).
 Use of redundant systems will result in a greater cost.
 It may be a bit confusing for unfamiliar users.
 It is not recommended for high peak hour volume facilities.
 There may be a fear of breakdown (How do I get my car out?).
 There is an uncertain building department review and approval
process.
 It requires a maintenance contract with the supplier.

 Ease of maintenance.
 Very faster communication.
 No wastage of time.
 Require less manpower.
 Loss of driving-related jobs.
 Loss of privacy.
 Drivers being inexperienced if situations arose requiring
manual driving.
 Software reliability & Liability for damage.
 Self-driving cars could potentially be loaded with explosives
and used as bombs.
TRADITIONAL PARKING SYSTEM:
ADVANTAGES:
DISADVANTAGES:

FULLY AUTOMATIC PARKING SYSTEM:
Fully automated parking systems operate much like robotic valet
parking.
The driver drives the car into an APS entry (transfer) area.
The driver and all passengers exit the car.
The driver uses an automated terminal nearby for payment and
receipt of a ticket.
 More sophisticated fully automated APS will obtain the
dimensions of
Carson entry in order to place them in the smallest available
parking space.
The driver retrieves a car by inserting
a
ticket or code into an automated
terminal.
 The APS lifts the car from its parking
space and delivers it to an exit area.

SEMI-AUTOMATIC PARKING SYSTEM
 Semi-automated APS also use a mechanical system of some
type to move a car to its parking space, however putting the
car into and/or the operation of the system requires some
action by an attendant or the driver.
 The choice between fully and semi-automated APS is often a
matter of space and cost, however large capacity (> 100 cars)
tend to be fully automated.

TYPES OF PARKING SYSTEM
 Dependent/Stack System
 Puzzle Car Parking Systems
 Stacker Crane Parking System
 Tower Parking System
 Cart Type Parking System
 Level Parking System
 Chess Type Parking System
 Rotary Car Parking System
 Turn Table System
 Car Lift

DEPENDENT/STACK SYSTEM
 This system features a pallet that is lifted up
and then after the car is loaded. Thus
additional parking can be made available in
the space below the loaded pallet. Both
indoor and outdoor installation is possible.
 These systems are electromechanically or
hydraulically operated. Preferably these
systems are valet parking systems. Mostly
preferred in residential complexes, IT Parks
and Hotels.
 Stackers are aimed to double the parking
space above ground / basement type
parking.
 Technical Specification
Car length : 5000 mm
Width : 2100 mm
Height : 1500 mm, 1700 mm , 2000 mm
Weight : 2000 Kg

There is saving in space, construction cost, lighting, fire fighting, etc; the systems
allow very fast parking-in and parking-out time, safety and security of the cars,
reduced air pollution, and need little maintenance. The life cycles of our parking
systems are 15-20 years but they may be extended to 30 years with good
maintenance.

PUZZLED SYSTEM
 This system features combination pallets carrying cars, individually load & unload
of cars is possible. This system is individual combination of multiple levels,
vertically and horizontally is possible. Puzzle System is aimed for optimum use of
space on ground. It is electro mechanically designed to go vertically up to 7
levels & horizontally to as much space available on ground. Here the cars move
vertically and horizontally like a puzzle, till the car required comes to the lower
level where it is driven out. Installed in basements, rooftops, under stilts, open
grounds, terraces, driveways etc.
One Pallet on each level, except the TOP level, should be kept vacant
at all times for the independent puzzle operation to happen.
The system is designed in the
form of a matrix of rows and
columns such as 2 x 2 or 2 x 3
etc in which out of the total
number of available spots, a
certain number of spots are
kept vacant to enable
horizontal and vertical
movement of remaining spots.
Available in the range of two to
six levels, all the cars are
independent of each other and
the system can be installed in
a phased manner.

CASE: IF YOU WISH TO RETRIEVE CAR NO. 3
3

STACKER CRANE PARKING SYSTEM
 This system features a typical storey system. It has a unique mechanism
called stacker. It moves centrally and has parking slots on its either side.
 It has in-built robotic mechanism that pulls and push the car and from the lift
bay. The number of stackers cranes depends upon the total number of cars
and floors. This can accommodate 100-300 cars.
Width : 2100 mm
Height : 1500 mm, 1700 mm , 2000 mm
Weight : 2000 Kg
Suitable for Car Models
Sedan For All levels &
SUV For only ground level.

CART PARKING SYSTEM
 This system has multiple entry and exits as per the
project design. This system has inbuilt mechanism
called CART which moved every Parking floor. The
numbers depends on total nos. of floors and total nos. of
cars.
 This system can be pallet based or without pallet also.
 Preferably these system can be used in longitudinal
parking areas. System can be designed for 50 to 100
cars or more.

 Various configuration are implemented in
order to provide the maximum parking
capacity. Suitable for large scale
construction projects.
 Depending on land size standard or
cross-sectional types may be applied.
The vertical lift and entrance positioning
may be designed according to a
customer request.
Width : 2100 mm
Height : 1500 mm, 1700 mm , 2000 mm
Weight : 2000 Kg

LEVEL PARKING SYSTEM
 Used for large buildings and for superior space efficiency.
 Addition to multi level parking spaces with vertical and horizontal
directions to facilitate the entry & exits of cars.
 Operating systems are: lift, side sliding, pallet.
Width : 2100 mm
Height : 1500 mm, 1700 mm , 2000 mm
Weight : 2000 Kg
 Suitable for Car Models
Sedan For All levels &
SUV For only ground level.

TOWER PARKING SYSTEM
 This system features a lift which is
electromechanically operated. At the loading
point as per the design the lift shall receive the car
and then travels to the respective location of the
parking slot.
 It parks the car to the parking slot. This system
can design with pallet or without pallet.
 This system is preferable for 30 to 40 cars. At
three cars space, effective utilization of space and
height.
Width : 2100 mm
Height : 1500 mm, 1700 mm , 2000 mm
Weight : 2000 Kg

Key Advantages:
•Space - effective installation makes
parking upto 60 cars possible in the
space required for 3
•Easy maintenance
•Bottom, middle and top entrance
possible
•Inbuilt and standalone options
available
•Human - oriented design
•Computerized control systems

CHESS PARKING SYSTEM
 This has floor mounted roller bed system which can
allow the crisscross movement of the pallet and the
car. This system preferably installed on RCC floors.
 System can be designed for from 800 to 1000 cars or
even more also. It has separate lifts which acts as
ENTRY & EXIT points.
 These systems can be used in longitudinal & square
of parking areas also.
Width : 2100 mm
Height : 1500 mm, 1700 mm , 2000 mm
Weight : 2000 Kg
This system is a revolutionary type of system in the parking systems. With this
system maximum utilization of the floor space is possible.
No drive way, no space for movement of mechanisms.

Requirements for Different Types of Systems
 Planning
 General Building Code Requirements
Architectural
Structural
 Electrical and Mechanical Code(LADBS Test Lab)
 Fire Code

PLANNING REQUIREMENTS

PLANNING REQUIREMENTS
Mechanical Parking lift is considered as tandem parking.

BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS
 There are general provisions in the IBC for automated parking
garages that can be followed in collaboration with the Fire
Department.
 Enclosed Parking Garages –occupancy classification determined
with the help from the Fire Department
 Open Parking Garages –may be considered as S‐2 occupancy
 Other requirements-Using Engineering and Construction Judgement
(some of the requirements are similar to elevator requirements).

ARCHITECTURAL REQUIREMENTS
Mechanical automobile parking lifts must provide adequate door
clearance for an attendant to exit a vehicle per manufactures
specifications

Minimum height requirements

Minimum height requirements (Cont.)
 Mechanical automobile parking lifts shall be arranged in such a
manner as to allow full operation of the sprinkler system.
 A minimum of 16 feet. ceiling height shall be provided when a two-
parking level mechanical automobile parking lift is installed in a
garage.
 The required ceiling height may be reduced by up to 18 inches if the
mechanical automobile parking lift is installed in a non-sprinklered
garage, or when approval has been obtained from the Mechanical
Plan Check for wall mounted Fire sprinklers prior to Building Plan
Check approval.
 Additional headroom may be required to accommodate installation of
roll-up garage doors

STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS
 The mechanical automobile parking lift shall be installed on a level
surface.
 The supporting structure and connections to the supporting structure
shall be designed by the Approved structural engineer.
 The weight of the automobiles shall be included in determining the
design seismic load

FIRE DEPARTMENT REQUIREMENTS
PRIMARY CONCERNS
 ACCESS TO BUILDING AND FIRE
 FIRE DETECTION AND REPORTING
 FIRE ATTACK
 FIREFIGHTERS SAFETY

FIRE DEPARTMENT REQUIREMENTS
 Mechanical Parking Design Requirement
 Specific for “car stackers” up to 4 levels
 Outdoor -Have to be minimum 15’ from opening and walls less than
2-hour fire resistive rated
 Indoor
Sprinklers
Smoke exhaust system
Separated from other uses by
2-hour fire resistive rating
Source Statter911

Automated parking system

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