1. Research Guide
Prof.A.B.S.V. Ranga Rao
M.A. Ph.D.
Presented By
Abraham Mutluri
M.S.W, M.Phil., (Ph.D.)
Research Scholar (Ph.D.)
Department of Social Work
Andhra University, Visakhapatnam
2. The Issue
• India is home to almost 19% of the world’s children.
• There are 440 Million children below 18 years are
living in India
• It is estimated that around 170 million or 40 per cent
of Indian’s children are vulnerable to or expressing
difficult circumstances.
• Among them more than 2.1 Million children have been
orphaned as result of HIV/ AIDS in India, and it is
estimated that the number becomes double by end of
2015 (UNICEF 2010).
• It is a major social problem associated with stigma and
discrimination particularly in developing countries
like India. HIV/AIDS had affected children in different
dimensions i.e.
social, psychological, educational, health and
economical and proportion of incidence is high.
• The Orphanism & Stigma leads to violating children
rights by people in various places of the society.
3. AIDS Orphans Vs. Child Rights
The Constitution of India recognizes the vulnerable position of
children is their rights of protection, development, survival and
participation. Article 15 the constitution guarantees special attention
children through necessary and special laws and policies that safe guards
their rights. The right to equality, protection of life and personal liberty and
the right against exploitation are enshrined in articles 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 23
and 24.
India adopted many acts, laws and introduced many G.Os to
protect the rights of Children. However, these laws and policies promising
respect for child rights, their protection and well being have not resulted in
much improvement in lives of Indian AIDS Orphaned children who continue
to be deprived of the rights, abused, exploited and taken away from their
families and communities.
Scant attention and feeble commitment to resolving AIDS Orphans
problems have resulted in poor implementation of these laws and policies
meager resources, minimal infrastructure, inadequate services in
variety, quantity and quality and inadequate monitoring and evolution.
4. Purpose of the Research
National AIDS Control Organization, Andhra Pradesh State AIDS
control Organization and other Civil Society organizations have done
extensive studies on HIV/AIDS. But there is no empirical research on
issues and child rights violation of AIDS orphans. Against this
background, the present study is an attempt to throw light on the
problem of AIDS Orphan children.
5. Objectives
To study the socio economic demographic profile of the AIDS Orphans
To analyses the risks/issues of AIDS Orphans regards their psychological behavior.
To study the issues in Stigma and Discrimination faced by them and examine the
situation of Orphans in the communities.
To examine issues of AIDS Orphans in the content of child rights violation and child
protection.
To find out the situation and problems of the AIDS Orphans to get the quality
education.
To analyze the living placement and livelihoods of the AIDS Orphans after death of the
both parents with HIV/AIDS.
To Analyze and examine the issues of AIDS Orphans regarding the Property loss
To study the concerns of the AIDS Orphans who lives with HIV/AIDS and explain the
available facilities in Krishna District as well as Andhra Pradesh.
To provide the findings and suggestion to Government and Civil Society Organizations
with regard to bring the better interventions to provide quality of life to AIDS Orphans.
6. Research Setting
Krishna District is one of the high prevalent
districts, in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is situated
in costal Andhra Pradesh and having big
railway junction & wide railway network. The
population in Krishna District is 41, 81,071
persons (2001 censes), So many migratory
populations are visiting from all the districts of
the AP. According to the APSACS resent
surveillance data, HIV prevalence rate in
Krishna District is 3.38 which occupies first
place in AP. There is estimation of 30,000 HIV
positives are living in this district. (APSACS
Surveillance data, 2007).
Universe: It is estimated that there are 3000
AIDS Orphan Children in Krishna District. But
the data is not available with any organization.
The researcher collected the list of 850
children from three organizations. used
systematic random sampling method.
7. Sample
Three organizations are working with 850 AIDS Orphans in Krishna
District. Out of the 850 AIDS Orphans 10% will be taken as sample for
the purpose of the study by following systematic random sampling
method. The researcher collected data from the 84 AIDS Orphans.
From every 10 child collected the data
8. Data Collection tools
Primary data
Literature review of international and
National books, Article, Abstracts and
other journals
Secondary data
Development of Interview Schedule
Pre testing with 7 children
Focus group discussions with Care
Givers and Children
In depth interviews with NGO heads
9. Findings
Emotional trauma is a barrier to children’s
development
Deprived of basic needs (such as
food, shelter and clothes) and Malnutrition
Child Headed families are 18%
30% dropped out from the schools because
of grief, isolation, withdraw, stigma and
discrimination and becoming child labors and
street children and anti social elements
Majority (74%) of the AIDS Orphans
experienced discrimination in their lives at
schools, water taps, play grounds, social
events and communities.
Majority (77%) of the AIDS Orphans are not
aware of the current Government schemes
and 90% of the children are never accessing
the vocational trainings
10. Findings
After death of parents living placement is a
challenge and Sibling separation is placed
Exploitation at relative homes
36% of double orphans lives with Grannies
Loosing properties
55% of the children are looking for the legal
support to protect their small properties
42% of the children are leaving their own villages
for livelihoods and survival in society
60% of children is not happy with counseling at
ICTC centers and ART centers
Less active community structures and no social
safety nets.
82% of the CLHA are not getting the ART
medicine due to lack of awareness and non
eligibility.
Children become double orphans due non care of
their parents
11. Recommendations
Focused interventions to protect the rights of
AIDS Orphans
Non formal education centers and occupation
based education centers will be helped to AIDS
Orphans who becomes a breadwinner.
Need to encourage the parents to disclose the
status of the parents
Interventions at schools and communities to
reduce the stigma and Discrimination
Support group systems at schools or colleges
will be helpful to reduce the Stigma and
Discrimination
Strengthen the community structures on child
rights and child protection issues
CWC and JJB Should be active in protection
of children and their rights
12. Recommendations
Need to promote Child friendly
counseling at treatment centers
Vocational trainings for children
Promote foster care, sponsorship and
adoption strategies to protect the children
from trafficking
NGOs, GOs and Media have to sensitize
the communities on AIDS
Bar association have to start the legal
support to AIDS Orphans
Lock adalath needs to increase the
awareness on legal support
