Leadership – concept, types /styles of leadership in the classroom , qualities of a leader , inculcating leadership qualities in the learner

1. Leadership
Suresh Babu G
Assistant Professor
CTE CPAS, Paippad, Kottayam

2. Suresh Babu G
Leadership - Concept
Leadership is often considered as the ability to
influence a group of people toward the
achievement of goals.
Leadership is the art of influencing and directing
people in such a way that obedience, confidence,
respect and loyal cooperation in achieving
common objectives.
It occurs when one person induces others to work
toward some predetermined objectives.
It is an integral part of social life and social
process.

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Definition of Leadership
 Zeleny defines a leader as a group member
whom others follow become he has demonstrated
mastery of the social relationships in the group,
and, as a consequence, because its centre of
living.
 According to Lifton, leadership is a process that
influences other people to achieve an objectives
and guides a group in a way to make it more
coherent and cohesive
 In the words of APJ Abdhul Kalam, leadership is
a ability to inspire other people with a dream.

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Types of Leadership
Institutional Leaders :They are Head of
the school, District Collector, President of
the Country etc. Their orders are obeyed
through the hierarchies of ranks and the
decisions are based on the established
precedents.
Dominant Leaders : They are like
Napoleon, Stalin etc. They lead the group
due to an urge to dominate. They are
autocrats and dictators.

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• Persuasive Leaders : They are like Gandhi,
Lincoln etc. They do not to dominate and dictate
the group but to persuade the members to help
them and follow them.
• Experts : They lead the group non account of
their acquired proficiency and skill in science, art
or any other sphere. They are recognized as the
authorities in their respective fields and have a
line of followers among the people who are
interested in that type of work.
Types of Leadership

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Styles of Leadership
The term leadership Style refers to the particular
way in which a leader guides a group or team to
realize its goal. They are :
1. Autocratic Leadership
2. Democratic Leadership
3. Laissez Faire Leadership
4. Bureaucratic Leadership
The first three types were identified by Lewin in
1938 and fourth described by Max Weber in
1947

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1. Autocratic Leadership
It is a style of leadership where complete power is
centralized in the leader. Such leaders are very
dominant and aggressive.
Eg: Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin

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Characteristics of Autocratic
Leaders
(a) Autocratic Leaders monopolize all decision-making
powers.
(b) They are authoritarians.
(c) They follow one-way communication style.
(d) They remains as much power and decision making
authority as possible.
(e) They do not consult others, more allowed to give
any input.
(f) Followers are expected to obey orders without
receiving any explanations
(g) There are structured set of
rewards and punishments.

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2. Democratic Leadership
It is the style of leadership where power is
derived from, and shared among the group
members.
Democratic leaders are very co-operative and
accommodating.
Also called the participative style – as it
encourages the group members to be a part of
the decision making.
Eg: Gandhiji

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Characteristics of
Democratic Leaders
(a) They derive powers from the group and share
powers with group members.
(b) They allow the team to provide input before making
decision.
(c) They encourage group members to be a part of the
decision making.
(d) The decision of the democratic leaders are always
bilateral.
(e) They follows two way communication style.
(f) They always win the cooperation of their group.
(g) They promote the sharing of responsibility, the
exercise of delegation and continual consultation.
(h) They are flexible, cooperative and suggestive.

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3.Laissez-faire Leadership
 It literally means leave alone to act freely.
 In this type of leadership, the leader does not
interfere with the freedom of the group members
and play only a passive role.
 Gives complete freedom to each group
members to take decision of his own with regard
to the role he has to play in the group.
 Eg: Sri Narayana Guru, Buddha

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Characteristics of
Laissez-faire Leaders
• The leader performs only a minimum leadership
functions.
• It is a hands-off (lenient) leadership style.
• The leader exerts few controls over the group
members.
• It permits the group members to sort out their own
roles and tackle their own work in their own way.
• There is no delegation taking place from the
leader.
• This style allows maximum freedom to group
members by giving a free hand in deciding their
own policies and methods.
• There is no much work for leaders.

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4.Bureaucratic Leadership
 Bureaucratic Leadership is one where the leader
guides the group by following rules and
procedures accurately and consistently.
 The leader makes sure that the standard
procedures of the process are followed by the
team members.
 Eg: Managers of Banks, CEOs of Corporate IT
companies

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Characteristics of
Bureaucratic Leaders
• Bureaucratic leaders work by the book.
• They impose strict and systematic discipline on
the members and demand business-like conduct
in the group.
• They are empowered via the office they hold.
• There is well defined dominance hierarchy.
• Authority is the major form of influence.
• The leaders strictly adhere the organizational
rules, regularities, and policies.
• Group members are rewarded for their ability to
adhere to the rules and follow procedure perfectly.
Bank Manager

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Different Leadership styles

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Qualities of a Good
Leader
• He should have patience, endurance and
greatness of mind.
• He must strive to win the complete confidence
of the followers.
• He should possess a commanding physical
personality.
• He should possess intellectual superiority and
intellectual honesty.
• He has to bridge the gap between talk and
action, theory and practice.

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• He must have faith in his ability to win through.
• He must not be frightened to tell the truth to his
people when they go wrong.
• He must have courage to recognize his own
shortcomings.
• He must be receptive to public opinion
• He must represent a region of his potential in the
social field.
• He must know how to and when to keep himself
aloof from his followers.
Qualities of a Good Leader

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Qualities of a Good Leader

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Training for Leadership
in Students
• Opportunities should be given to children for
playing the role of leaders in curricular and co-
curricular group situations. They can be made
monitor of the class, leaders of hobby-clubs, quiz-
clubs etc.
• Children should be encouraged to read the
inspiring and stimulating biographies of great men
and national leaders.
• Teachers should present themselves as an
exemplary model of successful leadership.

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• Give proper guidance those children who possess the
spark of leadership so that they will emerge out as a
good leaders.
• Organization of scouting, NCC, NSS, JRC, SPC,
School Parliament etc. are situations that provide
scope for developing leadership qualities.
• Encourage group activities and develop good qualities
like sociability, initiative and persistence.
• Religious and moral education, the origination of
community activity etc.. Help in the cultivation of
desirable leadership traits.
• In the classroom, teacher can cultivate leadership
qualities in the children by selecting appropriate
methods of teaching such as project method and
discussion method that calls for greater interaction
among students.
Training for Leadership in Students

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