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WolfgangVoegler_Tillage_PragueJune11
- 1. cropprotection EMEA cropprotection EMEA Safe usage of Roundup in conservation tillage systems Dr. Wolfgang Voegler, Prague June, 2011
- 2. cropprotection Agenda EMEA Tillage systems per definition Advantages of Conversation tillage systems „Green bridge“ Use recommendations 2
- 3. cropprotection Conservation tillage is the ONLY chance EMEA under such soil conditions 3
- 4. cropprotection Tillage sytems per definition EMEA Tillage system Main tillage Seedbed preparation Drilling Conventional Tillage (Plough) Conservation Conservation Tillage tillage No‐Till, Direct Drill The more soil tillage is reduced the higher is the risk to fail! Source: KTBL, 1998 4
- 5. Conservation Tillage cropprotection Benefits & Advantages – a short statement EMEA Conservation tillage has a lot of advantages Traditional water Food production less traffic & time & less fuel Water CO2 Emission Air pollution soil fertility bioderversity infiltration Technical manpower saving Quality “Traditional problems Method” = + + + + + + + + Conservation tillage safes safes safes improved improved reduced reduced improved improved 2 h / ha ~ • organic •Soil ersosion by •Reduced wind Organic matter Protection, & 30 l / ha material on reduced by 1,2 ‐ 1,7 t / ha erosion content food 2 or more the soil surface 93% •Less tillage = passes in the field • 70 % less • earth worm eintrags bis operations = reduced CO2 /CH4 population 70% reduced sequestration • more • up to 99 % less soil pores water run off 5
- 6. Conservation tillage – some points cropprotection EMEA to be considered Overall trend to cereal concentration in the crop rotation Example: WW‐WW‐ WB – OSR better: OSR – WW – Legume – WW/WB Short time frame for tillage operations, essp. If early drillings (WW ‐> WW) Work in parallel (harvest, soil tillage, drilling….) Crop management has to consider CT specifics like: Higher organic matter content (straw, crop residues) on the surface Higher soil moisture content = lower temperature = different N‐ mineralization Change in the weed as well as disease spectrum possible 6
- 7. cropprotection Necessery system adoptions EMEA Straw management Fragmentation and equal distribution Equipment for stubble cultivation Just a few cm, break soil compaction upfront Drilling equipment Drilling into a straw soil free horizon, „strip till“ Reduced tyre pressure to reduce soil compaction Weed management Leaf active vs. soil active compounds Brome, perennial weeds (CIRAR; AGGRE is not a problem) Disease Management Fusarium; HTR/DTR Fertilization Different timing of N‐application, liquid fertilizers ……….. System adoptions are feasible! 7
- 8. cropprotection Straw management is very important for EMEA the success of Conservation tillage Optimum: 1…5 cm Room for improvement! Much better: short stubble and equal straw distribution 1 cm depth ~ 1 l Diesel/ha 8
- 9. cropprotection Tillage scheme – just one example EMEA (Roundup before harvest Shallow cultivation just a few Roundup after emergence Reduced tillage or direct drilling to control perennial weeds centimeters of volunteers and weeds = clean start) Straw distribution, ~ 2…3 weeks N‐fertlisation 30….60 kg N after harvest = Control of „Green bridge“ Clean start and control of „Green Bridge“ is the FIRST step for a successfull introduction of Conservation tillage systems 9
- 10. cropprotection Why? ‐ Just a few examples of the EMEA negative impact of the “Green Bridge” Psylliodes chrysocephalus Snails Ceuthorhynchus napi Mice Brassicogethes aeneus Aphids 10 Fotos: BASF, DSV
- 11. Consequences if „Green Bridge“ was cropprotection not controlled EMEA Brome in wheat, volunteer winter barley etc. Rye or wheat in w.barley 11 11
- 12. Roundup application is reducing plant cropprotection diseases like Plasmodiophora brassicae EMEA
- 13. cropprotection Early control of the „Green Bridge“ with EMEA Roundup should be a common practice Untreated 1080 G AE 1080 G AE 720 G AE/ha Height @ application: OSR: 20….30 cm OSR 10 cm 13
- 14. cropprotection Glyphosate Fate in Soil EMEA • Tightly absorbed to clay particles and cations present in the soil, tank, or leaf surface. Thus, leading to reduced bioactivity and no soil residual herbicidal activity. • Degraded mainly by microbial decomposition to the natural products, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, phosphate, and water. Half‐life in the soil varies, but common ranges are 30‐45 days. • Even if Glyphosate is dedected in the soil it does not automatically mean that it is available for plants! • There is no negativ impact on the microbial activity. • Runoff and leaching is not an issue
- 15. cropprotection Microbial activity (C02 production) after EMEA GLY application Plough Reduced till No Till Gly application has no negativ impact on the microbial activity. A higher microbial activity days means also a faster degradation of applied Soil matrix upper soil Macro pores upper soil chemicals! Soil matrix deeper soil Macro pores deeper soil Source: Machulla, Hohenheim Nov. 2009 15
- 16. cropprotection GLY damage ? EMEA Direct drilled cereals after catch crop GLY damage due to product leaching after rainfall? Source: Naeser LfULG Fachgespräch, 23.11.2010 16
- 17. cropprotection Right drilling equipment? EMEA 17
- 18. cropprotection A much better option EMEA Straw, organic material should be removed from the drilling row 18
- 19. cropprotection Conclusion EMEA Roundup® products have been widely used for more than 30 years, are safe for the environment and crops. Growers experiences with Roundup® brands have been extremely positive including excellent weed control and profit potential. Roundup® products – are key for success of conservation tillage systems.
- 20. cropprotection EMEA Many thanks Wolfgang.voegler@monsanto.com 20