Fight against illicit traffic of cultural property in South-East Europe.
Gaziantep, Turkey, 19-21 November 2012.
Link: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/venice/about-this-office/single-view/news/building_capacities_for_the_fight_against_the_illicit_trafficking_of_cultural_property_
in_south_east_europe/
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Tuncay Günaydın - Transportation and Concealment Methods of Illegally Exported Cultural Property
1. Tuncay Günaydın
19-22.11.2012
“Fight against illicit traffic of cultural property in South-East Europe”
Gaziantep
2. 1- Introduction
2- Smuggling of Cultural Property
3- Illegal Obtainment of Cultural Property
4- Transportation Methods
a. Transportation Means
b. Transportation Techniques
5- Concealment Methods
a. Moving Concealment
b. Stable Concealment
6- Precautions to be Taken
7- Conclusion
Adam and Eve. Miniature by Ottoman Historiographer Seyyid Loqman Ashuri, from the Zubdat-al Tawarikh,
Book of Hours, Laurent Boiron, illuminator. France, Bourges, ca. 1505–1510. NYPL, Spencer Collection.
dedicated to Sultan Murad III in 1583. 16th century. Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts, Istanbul, Turkey.
3. After the cold war
Globalization Effect
Criminal’s Use Of Technology
Developed communication networks
between criminal organizations
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
4. Looted Museums,
Illegal Excavations
Exchange of «cultural property» in return
for «arms»
Turkey and the Balkans, source and
transit region
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
5. Organizational Scheme
Black numbers and black market-seizures
Importance of transportation and
concealment stages
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
6. Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
7. Theft
Museums,
Wakfs Buildings,
Private collections,
Individuals
Illegal excavation/digging
Known and unknown archeological sites
Detectors used in Cultural items search
(Kalashnikov - Özgen Acar)
Fake and Forgeries
Fake version of a registered item
Fake version of a stolen item
Completely imaginary fakes
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
8. Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
9. Cargo
Automobiles, Lorries
Plane/Ship/Train
People
Leisure craft,
Caravan/Mobile House
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
10. Cutting into Parts
Share
Group by Group
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
11. Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
12. During Transportation and Transfer
Secret Parts of vehicles
Among different goods
In different objects
Luggage cabins
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
13. During Transportation and Transfer
Sophisticated Cases
Under the vessel
Behind the computer/electronics
Tootpaste/Shaving Cream
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
14. Hiding the item(s)
Versatile Nature
Warehouses/Attics/etc of houses
In soil-hencoop
Gallery/Museum Warehouses
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
15. SOLUTION ?
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
16. Seizure and
Intelligence Arrest
High level national
co-ordination and Public Awareness
international co- and Education
operation
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
17. Sources in Intelligence in Fight Against Illicit Trafficking
of Cultural Items;
Current Situation;
Discontent/Unsatisfied members of the criminal organisation,
Personal hatred, Revenge,
Investigative databases/Different Police Techniques
The preferred Situation;
(In addition to the current one), informants from citizens and
local people, esp. villagers,
Combination of knowledge that different law enforcement
agencies hold, (national + international)
Experts knowledge and support, syncchronizing with the
museums and archeological sites.
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
18. i. Share any suspicious knowledge with
law enforcement
Licence plates,
Suspicious people, suppliers of cultural
objects,
Be alert
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
19. i. Better Risk Analysis
ii. Employ Experts at Field
iii. Use Technology
iv. Co-operation agreements with
national and international institutions
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
20. i. Share Intelligence with Customs
ii. Collect as many data as possible
beforehand
iii. National and international
cooperation and coordination
iv. Use further Community Policing
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
21. i. Activate and enhance judicial co-operation
channels at international level,
ii. Prosecutors/Lawyers with expertise
knowledge
iii. Use international platforms for the market
countries to prioritize the case
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
22. i. Prioritize the case
ii. Further legal exchange of cultural
goods
iii. Education and Public Opinion
Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
23. Smuggling of Illegal Transportation Concealment Precautions and
Introduction
Cultural Propert Obtainment Methods Methods Conclusion
24. Thank you for your attention
Tuncay Günaydın
Deputy Inspector
Interpol Ankara/Turkish National Police
tgunaydin@egm.gov.tr
Phone: 0090 312 462 20 36