The Role of CONEVAL in Monitoring and Measuring Equity and its Impact on the Development of Equitable Public Policies. Dr. Ricardo Aparicio, Director, Poverty Analysis.

1. The Role of CONEVAL in Monitoring and
Measuring Equity and its Impact on the
Development of Equitable Public Policies
“Institutional Frameworks for Social Equity Monitoring
and Improving the Effectiveness of Public Policies in
Promoting Equity”
Ricardo Aparicio
Algeria
December 15-16, 2014

2. Multidimensional poverty measurement: key elements
Relevant
dimensions
• Constitutional
rights
Unit of
analysis
Individuals
• Human rights
titularities
• (Universality
Principle)
Poverty
thresholds
• At least one
social
deprivation
• (Indivisibility
Principle)
Dimensions
thresholds
• Legal
standards
• Institutional
criteria
Weightings
• Same
importance
dimensions
• (Interdependence
Principle)

3. Multidimensional measurement: properties
Dimension
decomposability
1
Population groups
decomposability
2
Comparability across
time
3
Identification of priority
population groups

4. • Children and
adolescents
• Indigenous
• Elderly
• Gender
Priority population groups in promoting equity
• Federal
• State
• Municipality
• Place of
residence
PopulationRegions
Equity
All
persons
should be
included

5. Poverty indicators, 2012
03
Vulnerable by social deprivation
28.6 %
33.5 million
Average: 1.8 social deprivations
Vulnerable by
income
6.2 %
7.2 million
5 24 16
Population not
poor and not
vulnerable
19.8 %
23.2 million
Poverty
Urban = $1,125 Rural = $800
Urban = $2,329 Rural = $1,490
Moderate poor
35.7%
41.8 million
Average: 2.0
social deprivations
Extreme poor
9.8%
11.5 millions
Average: 3.7 social deprivations
MWL
Well-being
Income
EWL
Social rights
Social deprivation 45.5 %
53.3 million
Average: 2.4
social deprivationsSource: CONEVAL estimations
based on the MCS-ENlGH 2012

6. Percentage of population in poverty, by federal state, 2012
CHIAPAS
03
Vulnerable by social deprivation
17.2 %
869.7 thousands
Average: 2.0 social deprivations
Vulnerable by
income
1.7 %
87.6 thousands
5 24 16
Population not
poor and not
vulnerable
6.4 %
324.5 thousands
Urban = $1,125 Rural = $800
Urban = $2,329 Rural = $1,490
Moderate poor
42.5%
2,153.1 thousands
Average: 2.2
social deprivations
Extreme poor
32.2%
1,629.2 thousands
Average: 3.8 social deprivations
MWL
Well-being
Income
EWL
Social rights
Social deprivation
Source: CONEVAL estimations
based on the MCS-ENlGH 2012

7. Percentage of population in poverty for
different population groups, Mexico, 2012
35.7 41.7 41.7 40.1
9.8
12.1
30.6
21.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
National Children and
adolescents
Indigenous Rural residence
Moderate poverty Extreme poverty
Poverty: 45.5%
Poverty: 53.8%
Poverty: 61.6%
Poverty: 72.3%
Source: CONEVAL estimations
based on the MCS-ENlGH 2012

8. Percentage of population by social deprivation and income, 2010-2012
Social deprivations 2010 2012
Educational gap 20.7 19.2
Access to health services 29.2 21.5
Access to social security 60.7 61.2
Access to basic services of housing 22.9 21.2
Housing quality and spaces 15.2 13.6
Access to food 24.8 23.3
Income 2010 2012
Population with an income lower than the
minimum well-being line (MWL)
19.4 20.0
Population with an income lower than the
economic well-being line (EWL)
52.0 51.6
Source: CONEVAL estimations based
on the MCS-ENlGH 2010 y 2012

9. Change in the number of people in poverty, 2010-2012
Population
with
income
below
than the
economic
well-being
line (EWL)
Population
with income
below than
the minimum
well-being
line (MWL)
Housing quality
and spaces
Access to basic
services of housing
Educational
gap
Access to
food
Access to
social
security
Social deprivation
Access to health services
Millionofpeople
Poverty
2010
46.1 %
52.8 million
2012
45.5 %
53.3 million
Extreme
poverty
2010
11.3 %
13.0 million
2012
9.8%
11.5 million
Source: CONEVAL estimations based
on the MCS-ENlGH 2010 y 2012

10. Poverty and extreme poverty by municipality, Mexico, 2010
Rangos
[ 0 - 30 ] [ 30 - 50 ] [ 50 - 70 ] [ 70 - 100 ]
Total de
municipios
97 347 790 1222
Percentage of population in extreme poverty
by municipality, México 2010
Percentage of population in poverty
by municipality, Mexico 2010
Rangos
[ 0 - 20 ] [ 20 - 40 ] [ 40 - 60 ] [ 60 - 85 ]
Total de
municipios
1250 668 390 148
2,012 municipalities: 50 percent or more of its population is poor.
338 municipalities: most people are extremely poor.
Source: CONEVAL
estimations based on the
MCS-ENIGH 2010 and
Sample Census of
Population and Housing
2010.

11. Usefulness of the measurement for public policy recommendations
Priority
population
groups and
regions
- Analytic spaces
- Social deprivations
- Federal, state and
municipality levels results
Poverty
measurement
-Social policies design and
implementation
-Unfulfilled human rights erradication
-Specific recommendations for each
sector involved in social development
Social
Inclusion

12. Institutionalizing multidimensional poverty measurement
To guarantee full exercise of the social rights
-Target population: people in poverty
Participation of all 17 Federal Ministries
-Target Population: people in extreme poverty and food
deprivation
Mexico Incluyente Axis
-Average number of social deprivations among people in extreme poverty
-People in extreme poverty and food deprivation
National
Development
Plan
2013-2018
Sector Program
on Social
Development
National Crusade
Against Hunger

13. Better law articulation
National Development Plan, 2013-2018
Social
Development
Law
Finance
Coordination
Law (2014)
Average of
social
deprivations
of people in
extreme
poverty
Poverty
measurement
Fund for Social
Infrastructure at
the State and
Municipality
Levels

14. Constitutional Autonomy to Coneval
Consolidate the autonomy and
independence of the government structures
Poverty
measurement
Social
development
policy
evaluation
Recommen-
dations
Report extreme poverty of
food
Report complementary
indicators
Mandatory use for federal,
state and municipal
authorities
Also…

15. Institutional collaboration: CONEVAL-UNICEF
General Law for
Protection of
Children and
Adolescents Evaluation by
CONEVAL

16. To sum up
Social inclusion and equity1
Multidimensional poverty: A useful
tool
Institutionalizing for improvement of
social policies and quality of life
2
3

17. ¡Merci!
Thank you!
¡Gracias!

18. Contact information
Ricardo Aparicio
Director, Poverty Analysis
rcaparicio@coneval.gob.mx
Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social
(CONEVAL)
Boulevard Adolfo López Mateos No.160. Coll. San Ángel Inn,
Delegación Álvaro Obregón, C.P. 01060, México, D.F
www.coneval.gob.mx