2. INTRODUCTION -Normally it acts on the surface of
Of contact and lowers the surface tension of the water
By increasing the area of contact
FORMULA -For surface tension
T=F/L
Where ,F=force acting on per unit lenth of contact
surface
Wetting agents also decreases the surface energy of the
molecules as given in the formula
E=W/A,,,,,
Where E=Surface energy of the molecules or dirt ,,,,,,w=work done to release the dirt
,,,A=occupied surface area
3. Objectives -the major objectives of wetting agent is to
reduce the surface tension with the help of different surface
active chemicals .
Generally wetting agents are used before the
application of different costly chemicals to make
the textile processing cost effective
Wetting agent opens the different layers by removing
the hydrophobic constituents
Due to high penetration of water [a carrier of chemicals in
exhaust dyeing] ,it enhance the overall less use of
chemicals which make textile world to move in full face
towards the optimum production
4. Mechanism of wetting agents
Wetting agents generally acts on the basis of following
concept of geometry……..
The shape of the oil drop will depend on the following 3 forces:
TL =The surface tension between the oil drop and surrounding aqueous phase
TS= The surface tension between the fabric & surrounding aqueous phase
TLS = The surface tension between the fabric and oil drop
We can see that if TLS + TL increases in relation to TS the area of contact between oil and fabric
will decrease. This will lead the shape of the oil to be like a sphere with the decreasing of
contact angle (Ө)
7. So as from the above discussion we got out the theme of
working principle of the wetting agent to make surface
too much penetratible
The value of angle largely depends upon the different
conditions such as TEMPERATURE,,,,,,,,Water hardness
,,,,,,,,kind of used wetting agents and much mores
Without going too much in detail ,,,,,,we should know as
much as any wetting agents lowers the contact angle
related to surface ,the wetting ability of the fabric will
enhance ,,,,and after a certain point it will get its
saturation point.
8. APPLICATION IN TEXTILE WORLD
It is used generally during wet treatment of textile ,,,,that
may be during the 1-desizing ,,,,,,,,2-scouring
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3-Blaching ,,,,,,,4-mercerisation,,,,,,5-
dyeing,,,,,,,,,6-Printing and others
