This dissertation examines factors contributing to African Americans obtaining and retaining positions as public school superintendents. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected through surveys and interviews with African American superintendents. Key findings include personal characteristics of current superintendents, differences from prior studies in challenges faced and factors inhibiting effectiveness, and themes around qualities needed for success and barriers to career advancement, particularly the lack of upward mobility networks. The study aims to provide insights to help potential African American superintendents.