1. Design of a Dual-Loop 5.2GHz Synthesizer with an Integer-N
Programmable Divider in the Low Frequency Loop
Advisor: Prof. Knepper
Xiaoyu Lian
2. Background
l A frequency synthesizer is an electronic system for generating any of
a range of frequencies from a single fixed timebase or oscillator.
l They are found in many modern devices, including radio receivers,
mobile telephones, radiotelephones, walkie-talkies, CB radios,
satellite receivers, GPS systems, etc.
l A frequency synthesizer can combine frequency multiplication,
frequency division, and frequency mixing operations to produce the
desired output signal.
38. Conclusion
l The Dual-Loop Synthesizer does lock at 4 different frequencies, from
5.24GHz to 5.3GHz, by changing the division ratio of the divider in
the low-frequency loop;
l It is able to put 65mW on a 50Ω load;
l The Phase Noise of this synthesizer is very low;
39. Reference
l 1.Low-Voltage CMOS RF Frequency Synthesizers, HC Luong and GCT Leung,
Cambridge University Press, 2004.
l 2.The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits, Thomas Lee,
Cambridge University Press, 2004.
l 3.Leung G C T, Luong H C. A 1-V 5.2-GHz CMOS synthesizer for WLAN
applications[J]. Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of, 2004, 39(11): 1873-1882
l 4.Kan T K K, Leung G C T, Luong H C. A 2 V 1.8 GHz fully integrated CMOS dual-
loop frequency synthesizer[J]. Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of, 2002, 37(8):
1012-1020.
