3. FLOW METERS
A flowmeter (or flow meter / flow indicator / flow
gauge depending on industry) is simply defined as a
device used to measure the speed at which a gas or
liquid is moving through a pipe.
4. TYPES OF FLOW MEASUREMENT
Mass flow rate Volume flow rate
9. ORIFICE PLATES
• An orifice plates is a plate with a circular hole in the middle of it.
• Flow through hole, velocity will increase and the pressure will
decrease.
10. ORIFICE PLATES
• Sharp square edged cylindrical throat.
• Pressure difference proportional to flow rate.
• Cheap, good performance and reliability.
• Moderate cost with Simple metrology.
11. VENTURI METER
• A meter consist of short converging pipe relatively longer pipe diverging with suitable pressure
differential measurement.
• When fluid passes through converging side its velocity increases maximum at throat and and become
same after passing throat.
12. VENTURI METER
• Best accuracy.
• Least head loss as compared to orifice &
nozzle meter.
• Can be used with dirty fluids also.
• Relatively expensive.
13. VARIABLE-AREA FLOWMETERS (ROTA METER)
• A rotameter is device measure flow rate of liquid and gas in a closed tube.
• pressure drop remain constant and flow varies directly with cross sectional area
14. ROTA METER
Working Principle
• When fluid enter from bottom it exert force on float
• float move up
• gravitational and force exerted by liquid become equal equilibrium exist
• float becomes stationary
• flow rate measure by graduation scale on float
15. PITOT TUBE
Pitot tube measure local velocity at given point in stream not average velocity in pipe.
18. POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT FLOWMETERS
o It has a low pressure drop
o used with high- or low viscosity liquids at temperatures up to 230°C
o pressures up to 7 Mpa
o flow rates of up to 700 gal/min (or 50 L/s).