Cultural event generated regeneration

PRESENTATION ON
CULTURAL EVENT GENERATED URBAN REGENERATION

GUIDED BY
ADARSHA KAPOOR

•Overview

CULTURE

INTEGRATED
HERITAGE
REGENERATION

REGENERATION
PHYSICAL,SOCIAL INTANGIBLE
AND HERITAGE
ECONOMICAL

CULTURAL CULTURAL
EVENTS ACTIVITY

•Overview What is Culture?
•Culture Culture is the full range of learned human behavior patterns.
Culture is "that complex whole which includes
knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom ,heritage and any
other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of
society." “Culture is the distinctive feature of
humankind”, “Culture is the essence of life”. Culture covers a
wide field of human activities

Source: anthropology.com

•Overview Cultural Activity and events
•Culture
The notion of cultural activities and creative industries
•Cultural Activity and events
point to a broad spectrum of
creation, production, distribution and consumption of
symbolic „material‟, like
music, theatre, dance, broadcasting programmes, the
visual arts and heritage.
It also means the artistic activities and productions of
humankind; it covers visual and performing
arts, literature, the heritage, and - to some extent-
media activities (cinema for instance).

Source: URBACT,EU

•Overview Heritage as a part of culture and
•Culture a venue for cultural activities
Recent decades have seen the concept of heritage
•Heritage as a part of culture and a
venue for cultural activity much like that of culture undergoing a profound
change ,having at one time referred exclusively to
the monumental remains of cultures, heritage as a
concept has gradually come to include new
categories such as the intangible heritage. This is due
to the fact that closer attention is now being paid to
humankind, the dramatic arts, languages and
traditional music, as well as to the
informational, spiritual and philosophical systems
upon which creations are based.

•Overview
•Culture
Bodh Gaya
•Cultural Activity and events Bodh Gaya is a small but internationally renowned
•Heritage as a part of culture and a town of immense religious and cultural
venue for cultural activity significance, located in the Gaya District of
•Bodh Gaya Bihar, India. Its claim to fame lies in the fact that Lord
Buddha attained enlightenment here more than 2500
years ago under the Bodhi tree. It is thus considered
as the geographical centre of the Buddhist world by
followers of this faith worldwide. It has a tremendous
cultural connotation, and is therefore an extremely
important centre for national, as well as international
tourism.

Source: gov.bih.nic.in

•Overview
•Culture
Location
venue for cultural activity
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study)
•Location


•Overview
•Culture
Cultural events in Bodh Gaya
•Cultural Activity and events Some of the important festivals and events in
•Heritage as a part of culture and a Bodhgaya are Buddha Jayanti which is celebrated on
venue for cultural activity a full moon day in April or May as Buddha‟s birth
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) anniversary as well as enlightenment,and Nyingma
•Location Monlam Chenmo which is celebrated in January –
February for about three weeks. Nyingma festival is
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya
celebrated for world peace and is often attended by
the Dalai Lama as well. Another special event in
Bodhgaya is Buddha Mahotsava which is a three-day
celebration packed with cultural and religious
activities. Recently Kalchakra festival has also been
convened which has added to the prestige of the city.


Kalchakra festival
•Overview
•Culture Kalachakra 2012, a festival of teachings and
•Cultural Activity and events meditations is took place from January 1, 2012 for ten
•Heritage as a part of culture and a days in the northern Indian state of Bihar and will be
venue for cultural activity attended by Tibetan Spiritual Leader The Dalai Lama.
Kakachakra is an ancient ritual that involves a series
of prayers, meditations, dances, chants, vows and a
•Location construction of a large sand mandala -all with the
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya aim to bring world peace.
•Kalchakra Festival The previous Kalachakra for World Peace was held in
Washington, DC in 2011.

Source: CDP, Bodh Gaya

•Overview Cultural Activities as a driver for
•Culture administrative reforms and
revitalization
venue for cultural activity In 1956, the Buddhist era completed 2500 years. To
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) celebrate this historic event, a Buddha Jayanti
•Location celebrations committee was constituted and during
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya the course of the year thousands of religious and
cultural functions were held. The Bodhgaya temple
•Kalchakra Festival
too got a face-lift in 1956. This also brought in
•Cultural Activity as a driver for additional developments in the archaeological area
administrative reforms and by the development of water tank, the government
revitalization rest house, PWD office and staff quarters. A tourist
dormitory was constructed and utility services were
introduced.
In 1961-81, the first master plan was prepared for
Bodhgaya where painstaking efforts were made to
evolve policies, which would preserve the aesthetic
beauty and serenity of the place. However
unfortunately for the town the policies were not
implemented and grossly violated.1974 saw the
inauguration of the first Kalchakra initiation ceremony
at Bodhgaya by Dalai Lama in the presence of about
one lakh Buddhist pilgrims. Kalchakra ceremonies
were subsequently performed in 1981 and 1985 and
have become a regular feature since then.


•Overview
•Culture
•Location
•Cultural Activity as a driver for
administrative reforms and
revitalization


•Overview
•Culture
•Location
revitalization
•Economic regeneration


•Overview
•Culture
Tourism and multiplier effects
•Cultural Activity and events An average Indian or south Asian pilgrim spends Rs
•Heritage as a part of culture and a 500 in Bodhgaya and an average foreign tourist will
venue for cultural activity spend Rs 10,000 ( 200 $) in Bodhgaya. Taking an
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) average of 2 lakh tourists, with 30,000 being foreign
tourists, it is estimated that pilgrims are directly
•Location
contributing nearly 40 crores annually to
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya Bodhgaya. This estimate does not include the
•Kalchakra Festival donations made to the Temple and the
•Cultural Activity as a driver for monasteries by the tourists. This will only increase in
administrative reforms and future as Bodhgaya receives more investment and
revitalization its environment improves.


•Overview • Festivals are serving many goals: supporting
local creative industries dynamics as well as
•Culture
empowering local communities; articulating
•Cultural Activity and events and cultivating local identities and social
•Heritage as a part of culture and a cohesion.
venue for cultural activity • Information and communication technologies:
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) Broadcasting of cultural activities using
•Location communication media.
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya • According to our CDP, hotels have generated
•Kalchakra Festival 200 jobs, monasteries have generated 50 jobs
and the informal sector has generated 200 jobs
for the local people.
revitalization

•Overview
•Culture
• Culture events are a channel of expression of
•Cultural Activity and events individuals and groups, as well as a guarantee
•Heritage as a part of culture and a for their involvement and participation in the
venue for cultural activity projects.
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) • Civic bond & social cohesion in a process of
•Location urban regeneration: artistic workshops, like
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya streets events ,parties, as a way to create or re-
create civic bond and cohesion.
• The role of culture in the co-existence between
individuals and groups of different origins;
promoting multiculturalism and
revitalization
inter-culturalism.
•Social Regeneration

•Overview
•Culture
Physical Regeneration
• Public spaces providing creativity, social
empowerment and conviviality.
• The planning of metropolitan and local cultural
facilitiesis playing crucial role in revitalization.
• Establishment of an international airport
•Location
revitalization
•Social Regeneration Chinese monastery
•Physical Regeneration

International Airport Japanese monastery

•Overview
•Culture
•Location Thai
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya Monastery
revitalization
Tibetan
Monastery

Bhutanese
Monastery

•Overview
•Culture • Acquisition and development of green belt
of 330 acres including meditation park, deer
park ,temple Landscape Park, major
•Heritage as a part of culture and a recreational sub sector. Development of
river front and archaeological excavation
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) schemes was also proposed as part of this
•Location development.
•Kalchakra Festival • Pedestrianisation of street in front of temple
•Cultural Activity as a driver for and non-permission to new buildings at vistas
administrative reforms and to temple.
revitalization
• Development of 250 acres of residential
development for the population increase.

• Development of rural industrial estate.


•Overview
•Culture European capital of culture: a
cultural activity
venue for cultural activity The institution of the Cultural Capital constitutes one of
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) the greatest cultural institutions in Europe,
•Location The institution of European Capital of Culture is basically
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya a culture festival, which plays an important role in the
•Kalchakra Festival members' lives of a local community. The organizers are
invited to implement a strategic plan of survival and
success that will support multiple actions and provide
benefits to their area, following the principle that
revitalization
"tourism is one of the structured environment in which
•Economic regeneration culture is embedded. Festivals are situated as
•Social Regeneration attractions in the tourism literature.
•European capital of culture: a
cultural activity
The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by
the European Union for a period of one calendar year
during which it is given a chance to showcase its cultural
life and cultural development

Source: International journal of humanities and social sciences

•Overview Competition resulting in urban
•Culture
Regeneration
•Heritage as a part of culture and a The competition among the European host cities
venue for cultural activity wishing to integrate the institution of European
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) Capital of Culture demonstrates that the organizing
countries use their participation in such events on
•Location
the basis of a strategy aiming at the economic
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya development of the host-city .
revitalization
cultural activity :Glasgow


•Overview
•Culture
•Cultural Activity and events The competition among the European host cities
wishing to integrate the institution of European
Capital of Culture demonstrates that the organizing
countries use their participation in such events on
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) the basis of a strategy aiming at the economic
•Location development of the host-city .
revitalization


•Overview Glasgow in the 1980‟s –strategic backdrop
•Culture
•Cultural Activity and events Deep structural shift from manufacturing to services
•Heritage as a part of culture and a • the death of manufacturing
venue for cultural activity • growth of the service sector
•Location Glasgow‟s strategy: pragmatic and opportunistic
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya 1985 McKinsey Study –priorities
•Kalchakra Festival •service sector (tourism, financial services, software)
•Cultural Activity as a driver for •city centre
administrative reforms and •building city assets / infrastructure
revitalization
•importance of events to city image building
Glasgow 1990 -European City of Culture
cultural activity :Glasgow Aim to transform Glasgow‟s image
•Strategic backdrop
Clear objectives–short (cultural) and longer term(economic
regeneration)

Significant city and regional investment -no UK funding£33mrevenue
programme for city-wide / year-long celebration ,£43mcapital
programme : new Concert Hall, galleries, museums and cultural
spaces

•Overview
•Culture Glasgow 1990: economic impacts
•Heritage as a part of culture and a Short term
•New cultural infrastructure and city centre renaissance
•System boost to arts and cultural sectors
•Location •Widened / strengthened international cultural contacts
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya •Improved Glasgow‟s image in UK and Europe
•Kalchakra Festival •Expanded city‟s tourism offer and sector
administrative reforms and Longer Term
revitalization
•Platform for developing the creative industries Reinforced
Glasgow‟s can-do attitude & ability to deliver
•Social Regeneration •Boost to city‟s confidence: residents & businesses
•Physical Regeneration •Platform for future growth: 53,000 or 16% net new jobs created
•European capital of culture: a (1995 –2003)
•Short and long term impacts

•Overview
•Culture Creative and Cultural Industries
Initiatives
venue for cultural activity Business development, R&D, talent and training support
•Location •Glasgow Film Fund
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya •TV Research Centre
•Internationalization Programmes
•Cultural Enterprise Office
•Cultural Activity as a driver for •Glasgow Design
administrative reforms and •Trade Development
revitalization
•Economic regeneration Major Developments
•Physical Regeneration Digital Media Campus
@ Pacific Quay
Arts Property Strategy
•Strategic backdrop In Merchant City
•Creative industries initiatives

1BBC Scotland

22 Pacific Quay

3Scottish Criminal Records Office

4Xfm Scotland

5SMG (Scottish Media Group)

63 PQ (Under construction)

7Pacific Quay Business Park (Under
construction)

8Clyde Arc Bridge

9IMAX Cinema

10Glasgow Science Centre

11Millennium Tower

12Clyde Auditorium

13SECC

14Exhibition Centre Railway Station

15Clydeside Expressway

16Kingston Bridge M8 (M77)

17Glasgow Central Railway Station

•Overview
•Culture
•Location
revitalization
cultural activity :Istanbul

•Overview Istanbul is not only the largest city in Turkey with a population
•Culture over 12 million people but also one of the largest metropolises
•Cultural Activity and events in Europe. It is unique in being situated on two continents, either
•Heritage as a part of culture and a side of the Bosphorus strait that forms part of the boundary
venue for cultural activity between Europe and Asia. During the second half of the 20th
century, the city underwent dramatic transformation. Due to
internal migration after World War II the population of the city
•Location increased from 2m to 12m leading to a more diverse social mix
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya within the city.
•Cultural Activity as a driver for Istanbul also became the industrial and commercial centre of
administrative reforms and the country during this period. Since the1990s, Istanbul has
revitalization reformed itself again with new communications
infrastructure, greater environmental awareness and an
increased role for cultural and artistic events in the every day
•Social Regeneration life of the city. Today Istanbul is the
•Physical Regeneration financial, media, communications, cultural and tourist centre of
•European capital of culture: a the country.
Istanbul
•Istanbul

•Overview
•Culture
•Location
revitalization
Istanbul
•Istanbul

•Overview
•Culture The cultural sector
•Heritage as a part of culture and a Istanbul has a very long and rich cultural heritage, the city
venue for cultural activity dating from Neolithic times and having been the capital of the
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) Roman Empire (330–c.395), Byzantine Empire (c.395–1204 &
•Location 1261–1453), Latin Empire (1204–1261) and the Ottoman Empire
(1453–1922). It features architecture from all these periods and
also, as a result of its imperial past, a cosmopolitan culture
•Kalchakra Festival reflecting the prominence of Islam but
•Cultural Activity as a driver for also many religious minorities.
revitalization
•Social Regeneration IMPLICIT OBJECTIVES OF ECoC
• Generate transformative energy and
cultural activity :Glasgow build capacity;
•Strategic backdrop • Restore cultural and industrial heritage;
•Creative industries initiatives • Address the urban and cultural
Istanbul
dimensions of citizenship;
•Istanbul • Function as a bridge connecting Europe
• The Cultural sector to its East.

•Overview
Activity during the title year
•Culture
The eventual cultural programme – as foreseen in the
•Heritage as a part of culture and a application - was focused on four elements, namely
venue for cultural activity earth, air, water and fire, which were said to have special
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) meaning to Istanbul. The four key elements are
•Location also linked to the four seasons of the year and were linked in
•Cultural events in Bodh Gaya the programme as follows:
• “Earth – Tradition and Transformation” during winter, focusing
•Cultural Activity as a driver for on history, traditions, cultural heritage;
revitalization • “'Air – Heaven Sent” during the spring period, with a focus on
•Economic regeneration the city's spiritual wealth;
•Physical Regeneration • 'Water – the City and the Sea” during the summer
period, with the aim being to bring together as many
different cultures of Europe as possible and give everybody a
chance to see the art and culture of different European
•Strategic backdrop countries;
•European capital of culture: a • “Fire – Forging for the Future” during the autumn period, with
Istanbul forward-looking projects which seek to
•Istanbul create sustainable cultural assets and urban renewal.
• The Cultural sector
• The Cultural Activity

•Overview
•Culture
•Location
revitalization
Istanbul
•Istanbul
• The Cultural sector
• The Cultural Activity
•Regenerative Projects

•Overview CONCLUSIONS
•Culture
•Cities should regard culture as a strategic resource, and
•Cultural Activity and events establish clear policies for its development that integrates
•Heritage as a part of culture and a it with a wider strategy for regeneration ,linking
venue for cultural activity economic, social and physical objectives. Culture should
•Bodh Gaya (primary case study) also be recognized as a resource for addressing
•Location •the challenge of diversity.
•Cities should elaborate a long-term vision for culture that
•Kalchakra Festival engages policy makers, city officials, artists, the voluntary
•Cultural Activity as a driver for sector and other citizens.
revitalization •The cultural policies of cities should value cultural
•Economic regeneration •heritage and creativity in equal measure. Cultural
•Social Regeneration •heritage is not only physical buildings, but also includes
•Physical Regeneration the diversity of local cultures. Enhancing creativity is
strongly linked with arts education.
cultural activity :Glasgow •A key role for city government is to enable individuals to
•Strategic backdrop develop their projects. Partnership with civil society is
•Creative industries initiatives therefore essential. Cities need long-term funding for
•European capital of culture: a cultural projects organized by both professional and non-
Istanbul professional artists.
•Istanbul
•Cities need good quality infrastructure for culture and
• The Cultural sector creativity. This includes a well-balanced distribution of
• The Cultural Activity cultural facilities in different parts of the city. Public
•Regenerative Projects spaces are needed for citizens to meet and interact.
•Conclusions

Cultural event generated regeneration

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