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3. PROTOPLASM
A colorless jellylike substance in which
food elements such as proteins, fats,
carbohydrates mineral salt and water are
present
forms the fundamental "living"
substance of the cell
6. COMPOUNDS OF
PROTOPLASM
Water - 75%
Proteins - cell structure, amino acid building blocks; 10-
20%
Lipids- source of energy; 2-3%
Carbohydrates - two or more simple sugars - oxidized
as a source of energy for repair and growth, 2%
Salts - 1%
7. DIVISIONS OF
PROTOPLASM
A) Nucleoplasm (AKA Nuclear SAP)
Contains DNA & nucleolus
B) Cytoplasm
1. protoplasm surrounding the nucleus
2. primary function - absorption & secretion
8. PROTOPLASM : THE
LIVING SUBSTANCE OF A
CELL (INCLUDING
CYTOPLASM AND NUCLEUS)
9. PROTOPLASM : The l iving
substance of a cel l ( including
cytoplasm and nucleus)
13. (1) IRRITABILITY : Can respond to
a stimulus in its environment
(2) CONDUCTIVITY:
Transmission of an ef fect
from one par t of the cel l to
another throughout the cel l
14. (3) CONTRACTILITY & MOBILITY : Ability to
shorten its length in response to a stimulus
(4) METABOLISM :
l ibe r a t ion of ene rg y f r om nut r i ent s
ne c e s s a r y f or g r owth and r epa i r
1 . c a t abol i sm- br e akdown of compl e x
compounds into s impl e one s
2 . anabol i sm- s ynthe s i s of compl e x
compounds f r om s impl e one s
15. (5) Growth
An organized cell can
increase its bulk for
growth purposes
ex. mitosis for
multicellular organisms
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(6) REPRODUCTION :
Mitosis vs. Meiosis
: the process by which cells
reproduce by dividing into two
identical cells called daughter cells
(7) ABSORPTION :
Pinocytosis - Cell drinking
Cell membrane invalidates, becomes
vacuole
Phagocytosis- Cell eating - solids
16. Elimination of useful
material
Elimination of
waste material
(10) Respiration O2 is
used to oxidize metabolites
to CO2 & H2O
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(8) SECRETION (9) EXCRETION