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This ppt presentation describes briefly about drug metabolism, influencing factors on drug metabolism and the purpose of drug metabolism.
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This ppt presentation describes briefly about drug metabolism, influencing factors on drug metabolism and the purpose of drug metabolism.
Significance of drug metabolism ppt
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mallikaswathi
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concepts, history, classification and applications & various DEPT therapies of prodrugs and detatailed discussion with examples.
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biotransformation of drug(metabolism) for b.pharma,m.pharma students.
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Bioavailability and bioequivalence Bioavailability- Whenever a drug is given by oral route it has to go through certain pathway to reach the systemic circulation. Eg. If 100 mg drug is given orally, and if 80 mg is absorbed and 20 mg gets excreted then 80 mg absorbed drug reaches liver through portal system. In liver it gets metabolized, here if 30 mg gets metabolized by the liver 50 mg reaches the systemic circulation in the unchanged from. But Bioavailability is expressed in mg it has to be expressed in fraction. So Bioavailability is basically the fraction of unchanged from of the drug that reaches the systemic circulation following administration by any route. As the drug given by intravenous route reaches directly into the systemic circulation. So the Bioavailability of drug given i.v is 100 %. % Bioavailability can be calculated as- Area under the curve (AUC oral)/ (AUC i.v) *100. Bioavailability depends on both the rate and extent of absorption. Rate of absorption depends on- site of adminstration and the drug formulation. Extent (amount) of absorption depends on- route of drug administration Factors affecting absorption and Bioavailability- Pharmaceutical and pharmacological factors: Pharmaceutical factors include- particle size, crystal from, salt form, water of hydration, Nature of excipients and adjuvants, degree of ionisation. Pharmacological factors- gastric emptying & g.i mobility, g.i diseases, food and other substances, first-pass effect, Drug-drug interaction, pharmacogenetics, miscellaneous factors like route of administration, area of absorbing surface, state of circulation at site of absorption.
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Medicinal Chemistry
2.
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Using prodrugs to
improve absorption and transport through membranes
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Site Specifity
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Minimizing Side Effects
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