2. THE INFORMATIVE SPEECH
The purpose of the informative speech is to provide interesting,
useful, and unique information to your audience.
In general, you will use four major types of informative
speeches. While you can classify informative speeches many
ways, the speech you deliver will fit into one of four major
categories.
In this guide, we focus on informative speeches about:
Objects
Processes
Events
Concepts
3. INFORMATIVE SPEECH ABOUT
OBJECTS
Speeches about objects focus on things existing in the world.
Objects include, among other things, people, places, animals, or
products.
limit your speech to a focused discussion of some aspect of your
topic.
Some example topics for speeches about objects include: the
Central Intelligence Agency, tombstones, surgical lasers, Franklin
Delano Roosevelt, the pituitary gland, and lemmings.
To focus these topics, you could give a speech about Franklin
Delano Roosevelt and efforts to conceal how he suffered from
polio while he was in office. Or, a speech about tombstones
could focus on the creation and original designs of grave
markers.
4. SPEECHES ABOUT PROCESS
Speeches about processes focus on patterns of action.
One type of speech about processes, the demonstration
speech, teaches people "how-to" perform a process. More
frequently, however, you will use process speeches to
explain a process in broader terms. This way, the audience
is more likely to understand the importance or the context
of the process.
A speech about how milk is pasteurized would not teach
the audience how to milk cows. Rather, this speech could
help audience members understand the process by making
explicit connections between patterns of action (the
pasteurization process) and outcomes (a safe milk supply).
5. OTHER EXAMPLES ABOUT PROCESS
Other examples of speeches about processes include:
how the Internet works (not "how to work the
Internet"), how to construct a good informative
speech, and how to research the job market.
As with any speech, be sure to limit your discussion to
information you can explain clearly and completely
within time constraints.
6. SPEECHES ABOUT EVENTS
Speeches about events focus on things that happened, are
happening, or will happen.
When speaking about an event, remember to relate the
topic to your audience. A speech chronicling history is
informative, but you should adapt the information to your
audience and provide them with some way to use the
information.
As always, limit your focus to those aspects of an event
that can be adequately discussed within the time
limitations of your assignment.
7. EXAMPLES OF SPEECHES OF EVENTS
Examples of speeches about events include:
The 1963 Civil Rights March on Washington,
Groundhog's Day, the Battle of the Bulge, the World
Series, and the 2000 Presidential Elections.
8. SPEECHES OF CONCEPTS
Speeches about concepts focus on beliefs, ideas, and theories.
While speeches about objects, processes, and events are fairly
concrete, speeches about concepts are more abstract.
Take care to be clear and understandable when creating and
presenting a speech about a concept. When selecting a concept,
remember you are crafting an informative speech.
Focus your efforts toward providing unbiased information and
refrain from making arguments.
Because concepts can be vague and involved, limit your speech
to aspects that can be readily explained and understood within
the time limits.
9. EXAMPLES OF CONCEPT SPEECHES
Some examples of topics for concept speeches
include: democracy, Taoism, principles of feminism,
the philosophy of non-violent protest, and the Big
Bang theory.
TAOISM- It’s a Chinese movement. It’s not a doctrine,
neither a system of belief, but it’s something closely
related to a personal experience. It’s a style of living
and a way in which the world is seen.
10. DEMONSTRATIVE SPEECHES
In a nutshell, a good demonstration speech teaches.
The goal is to successfully teach a process or skill.
It's a variation of the informative speech with in-built visual
aids.
The audience, through listening, watching or participating,
learns something new.
As their guide, you will take them through a process of
'show and tell' covering each step from set-up to finish.
Think of it as a 'how-to' speech.
11. if my demonstration speech is on 'how to tie a tie', then the
desired result is an audience capable of tying their own ties
or at least inspired to try.
You will have an introduction in which you tell the audience
what it is they're going to learn, why they'll benefit from
learning it and why you chose the topic.
Next you have the body of the speech. This is the
demonstration itself.
Lastly, you'll have a conclusion summarizing what it is
that's been learned and reinforcing its benefits.
12. SOME EXAMPLES OF
DEMONSTRATIVE SPEECHES
Examples of topics easily fitting its requirements are:
How to wax a surfboard
How to make a pumpkin pie
How to fix a puncture in your bike tire
13. PERSUASIVE SPEECH
When you deliver a persuasive speech, you want to inspire others to do
something or take your side on an issue.
To deliver a great speech, you must appeal to emotion, ground your
argument in logic and demonstrate your passion for a cause.
Construct a speech that is based on logic and facts from authoritative
sources.
The use of statistics can be particularly essential in building your argument.
But don't weigh your speech down with statistics. Too much will bore your
audience.
Sprinkle in personal stories and anecdotes that can pull at the audiences'
emotions.
Prepare three main points that you want the audience to take away from
your speech
14. THE SPEECH TO ENTERTAIN
The after-dinner speech is a good example of a
speech to entertain.
The speaker provides pleasure and enjoyment that
will make the audience laugh or identify themselves
with anecdotal information.
15. THE AUDIENCE RESEARCH
Every communication must be in the form and style
that suits the audience.
To analyze the audience, there are some important
factors to be considered:
1. Age factor
2. Socio-culture
3. Educational background
4. Economic background
5. Expectation of audience
16. PARTS OF A SPEECH
A speech has three fundamental parts
Introduction
Main body
Conclusion
In fact, composition of the main body determines the
nature of the introduction, as well as the conclusion.
17. LANGUAGE AND STYLE
The style of oral communication is different from the
style of written communication, in any language .
The following tips should be considered by the speaker :
Avoid difficult words that can create confusion
Avoid using technical terms .
Avoid using socially unpleasant words
Avoid repeating phrases like; you see, you know...
